Chapter 30 & 31 Review
Prepared by Mrs. Senger
Can you…?
1) What are the five groups of minerals and describe their
characteristics?
2) What is a mineral?
3) What are the three kinds of magma and how are they the
same/different?
4) What are physical tests we can run to test a mineral during
identification?
5) What are the 3 kinds of rocks and what are their origins?
6) Describe the two kinds of metamorphism.
7) What are intrusive and extrusive rocks?
8) List the three kinds of volcanoes and their characteristics.
9) What is the rock cycle (deposition, cementation, chemical
weathering, physical weathering, erosion, clastic rocks, fossils,
and non/foliated rocks are all words you may choose to use in
the description).
What is the tendency of a mineral to break
along a plane of weakness?
•
•
•
•
Hardness
Streak
Specific gravity
Cleavage
What is the tendency of a mineral to break
along a plane of weakness?
•
•
•
•
Hardness
Streak
Specific gravity
Cleavage
Metamorphism caused by both thermal
and mechanical means is called




Regional metamorphism
Dynamic metamorphism
Contact metamorphism
None of these
Metamorphism caused by both thermal
and mechanical means is called




Regional metamorphism
Dynamic metamorphism
Contact metamorphism
None of these
All minerals are




Synthetic
Contain sulfur
Organic
Crystalline solids
All minerals are


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
Synthetic
Contain sulfur
Organic
Crystalline solids
Rocks altered by heat and pressure
beneath the Earth’s surface are


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
Igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Extrusive sedimentary rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks
Rocks altered by heat and pressure
beneath the Earth’s surface are




Igneous rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Extrusive sedimentary rocks
Intrusive igneous rocks
The most useful physical properties for
identification of minerals are




Color, cleavage and crystal form
Luster, streak and color
Streak, hardness and cleavage
Acid test, hardness and color
The most useful physical properties for
identification of minerals are




Color, cleavage and crystal form
Luster, streak and color
Streak, hardness and cleavage
Acid test, hardness and color
Metamorphism caused by the close
proximity of magma source is called




Contact metamorphism
Regional metamorphism
Dynamic metamorphism
None of these
Metamorphism caused by the close
proximity of magma source is called




Contact metamorphism
Regional metamorphism
Dynamic metamorphism
None of these
Moh’s scale is defined on the basis of
minerals that have different




Cleavage direction
Hardness
Shapes
Colors
Moh’s scale is defined on the basis of
minerals that have different




Cleavage direction
Hardness
Shapes
Colors
If the rock particles in a sedimentary rock
are small, round & sorted, we can infer
that the grains traveled a




Long distance for short time
Long distance for long time
Short distance for a short time
Short distance for a long time
If the rock particles in a sedimentary rock
are small, round & sorted, we can infer
that the grains traveled a




Long distance for short time
Long distance for long time
Short distance for a short time
Short distance for a long time
Some ___ rock is formed from minerals
that were once dissolved in water.




Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary
Igneous and metamorphic
Some ___ rock is formed from minerals
that were once dissolved in water.




Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary
Igneous and metamorphic
As rock is weathered it breaks down and
erodes. Sedimentation begins where
erosion stops. Erosion is

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
A chemical process
Disintegration and fragmentation of rock into
smaller pieces
Decomposition and alternation of rock
material
Transportation of rock particles via water,
wind or ice
As rock is weathered it breaks down and
erodes. Sedimentation begins where
erosion stops. Erosion is




A chemical process
Disintegration and fragmentation of rock into
smaller pieces
Decomposition and alternation of rock
material
Transportation of rock particles via water,
wind or ice
What is the appearance of a mineral’s
surface when it reflects light?

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
Hardness
Luster
Color
Cleavage
What is the appearance of a mineral’s
surface when it reflects light?

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

Hardness
Luster
Color
Cleavage
The majority of surface rocks are

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
Intrusive
Extrusive
Sedimentary
metamorphic
The majority of surface rocks are

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

Intrusive
Extrusive
Sedimentary
metamorphic
What is molten rock from the Earth’s
interior called?

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

Magma
Lava
Carbonate
Silicate
What is molten rock from the Earth’s
interior called?




Magma
Lava
Carbonate
Silicate
A composite volcano is formed by

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
Alternating layers of lava, ash and mud flow
debris
Random piles of volcanic debris
A mixture of rock and lava
Flows of fluid basaltic lava
A composite volcano is formed by




Alternating layers of lava, ash and mud flow
debris
Random piles of volcanic debris
A mixture of rock and lava
Flows of fluid basaltic lava
A mineral is a naturally formed &




Has a chemical formula
Has a crystal structure
Is an inorganic solid
All of the above
A mineral is a naturally formed &




Has a chemical formula
Has a crystal structure
Is an inorganic solid
All of the above
The silicon content of magma affects its
viscosity. Magma with high silicon content
has a




High viscosity and flows quickly
High viscosity and flows slowly
Low viscosity and flows quickly
Low viscosity and flows slowly
The silicon content of magma affects its
viscosity. Magma with high silicon content
has a




High viscosity and flows quickly
High viscosity and flows slowly
Low viscosity and flows quickly
Low viscosity and flows slowly
What is the ratio between the weight of a
substance and the weight of an equal
volume of water?




Streak
Fracture
Specific gravity
Hardness
What is the ratio between the weight of a
substance and the weight of an equal
volume of water?




Streak
Fracture
Specific gravity
Hardness
The most violent volcanoes that erupt but
generally continue to erupt again are




Shield volcano
Composite volcano
Cinder volcano
None of these
The most violent volcanoes that erupt but
generally continue to erupt again are




Shield volcano
Composite volcano
Cinder volcano
None of these
What is the least reliable characteristic
used to identify a mineral?




Color
Hardness
Streak
Specific gravity
What is the least reliable characteristic
used to identify a mineral?




Color
Hardness
Streak
Specific gravity
Mauna Loa (island of Hawaii) is a




Shield volcano
Cinder volcano
Composite volcano
None of these
Mauna Loa (island of Hawaii) is a




Shield volcano
Cinder volcano
Composite volcano
None of these
There are 5 groups that are used to classify
minerals. Some examples are the
carbonates, silicates and




Sulfates
Sulfides
Oxides
All are groups used to classify minerals
There are 5 groups that are used to classify
minerals. Some examples are the
carbonates, silicates and




Sulfates
Sulfides
Oxides
All are groups used to classify minerals
Plutons form from magma




Below the Earth’s surface
Above the Earth’s surface
Ejected from volcanoes
All of these
Plutons form from magma




Below the Earth’s surface
Above the Earth’s surface
Ejected from volcanoes
All of these
Rocks and minerals are constantly being
recycled or changed, through processes
such as erosion, plate tectonics &
crystallization, to form one of the three
kinds of rocks. Which of the following is
NOT one of these classifications?




Metamorphic
Extrusive
Igneous
Sedimentary
Rocks and minerals are constantly being
recycled or changed, through processes
such as erosion, plate tectonics &
crystallization, to form one of the three
kinds of rocks. Which of the following is
NOT one of these classifications?




Metamorphic
Extrusive
Igneous
Sedimentary
Igneous rock is formed from




Solidified lava beneath the Earth’s surface
High temperature and pressure
Crystallization of magma
Any of these
Igneous rock is formed from




Solidified lava beneath the Earth’s surface
High temperature and pressure
Crystallization of magma
Any of these
Rocks formed by cooling from a molten
state are




Sedimentary rocks
Igneous rocks
Precipitated rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Rocks formed by cooling from a molten
state are




Sedimentary rocks
Igneous rocks
Precipitated rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Rocks are grouped into three classes
depending on how the rock was




Located
Discovered
Shaped
Formed
Rocks are grouped into three classes
depending on how the rock was




Located
Discovered
Shaped
Formed
What do we call magma that has reached
the Earth’s surface?




Marble
Lava
Foliated
Metamorphic
What do we call magma that has reached
the Earth’s surface?




Marble
Lava
Foliated
Metamorphic