Early Humans
Chapter 1, Section 1
historian
fossil
technology
Vocabulary
archaeologist
anthropologist
domesticate
artifact
nomad
specialization
Early Humans—Tools of Discovery
• __________ is the story of humans in the past.
– Historians—________________________________.
• We know about the past from things people left
behind.
– Archaeologists—_____________________________.
– Anthropologists—_____________________________.
• Both look for artifacts and fossils to tell us about the past (pg 9).
• Artifacts—________________________________________.
• Fossils—_________________________________________.
• Historians call early period of human history the
Stone Age
tools/weapons).
(called this b/c people used stone to make
Fossils or Artifacts
Archaeological Dig Sites
Early Humans
• Earliest period of Old Stone Age was the
__________ period.
• Began about 2.5 million yrs ago & lasted until about 8000 B.C.
• Paleolithic people were _________ b/c they
hunted and gathered and constantly moved around.
– Nomads—_________________________________.
• Men and Women had different roles:
– Women—cared for children & gathered berries, nuts, and
grains.
– Men—hunted animals using clubs, spears, traps, and
bows & arrows.
Early Humans
• Paleolithic people adapted to their ___________.
• Warm climates: wore little clothing and not much need for shelter.
• Cold climates: used caves for shelter and over time learned to use
animal hides and wooden poles to create shelters.
• Paleolithic people discovered ______.
• Fire kept them warm, provided light, and helped cook food.
• Needed fire to survive ________.
• Ice Age = long periods of extreme cold.
• Paleolithic people also developed spoken
_________. (This made it easier to work together and pass on
knowledge. )
• Also expressed themselves not in words, but _____.
Early Humans
• Crushed yellow, black, & red
to make powders.
– Painted pics of lions, oxens,
panthers, & other animals on
cave walls. (These may have had
religious meaning)
• Paleolithic people were first to
use ___________.
• Technology—_______________
_________________________.
– Created tools like spears and
axes using a hard stone called
flint.
– Over time, they started creating
sharper tools like fishhooks and
needles made from animal bones.
Early Humans—Neolithic Times
• After last Ice Age, people began to __________.
– Known as the Neolithic Age or _________________.
– Domesticate—______________________________.
• Domesticated animals carried goods and provided meat, milk,
and wool.
• About the same time, people in different regions of
the world began to grow crops. Historians call this
the _____________________.
• Revolution—_____________________________________.
• Villages started forming b/c farmers had to stay
close to their fields.
• These started forming near rivers and bodies of water.
Early Humans--Neolithic
• One of oldest villages is ____________ in present day Israel
and Jordan.
• Another is ________________ in present day Turkey.
• Permanent villages provided people w/more security and steady
food. Surplus of food led to larger populations.
• Not all were farmers: Some started making pottery, mats, and
cloth. Started trading these goods to get things they didn’t
have.
• People practiced ______________________.
• Late Neolithic times, continued to make advances:
• Created better farming tools.
• Began working with metal, copper, and tin.
• Started to work with ____________ b/c it was harder and longer lasting.
Paleolithic vs. Neolithic
Paleolithic Age
Description
of Art and
Crafts
How
Humans
Obtained
Food
How
Humans
Adapted
Work of
Women and
Men
Neolithic Age