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Humayma, Jordan
South Jordanian Desert
110 degrees and still smiling !
Before
After
Humayma Jordan
Ceramics in the Field
Artifacts – Ceramic Pottery
• Clay deposits
• 10,000 years ago
• Artifact Most frequently found
• Different vessels for different purposes
Potsherds
• Sherds vs. Shards
• Diagnostics: potsherds used for analysis
• Typologies: How was it made and what
was it used for?
(Shapes Decorations Fabric)
• Chronology: When was it made?
• Petrography: Where was it made?
Typologies
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What part of the pot?
What kind of pot?
What was it used for?
How old are the artifacts?
Who used it and what did they
do with it ?
• Cooking, storage, eating and drinking
• How a site or part of a site was used
• Imported pottery was more expensive
– trade goods
• can indicate affluence
– cuisine
Profiles
Archaeological illistration
Front view
Black line for the side wall
Bisecting line
Shows Inside and outside
What were these pots used for?
• Grains and dried goods
Body Sherd
Diagnostics
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Handles
Rims
Collars
Bases
Body
Potter’s marks
Uruk Period
NAMES________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
GROUP
SORT AND RECORD – count each sherd type
Handles _____
Collars _____
Body _____
Rims _____
Bases _____
Decorated_____
INDIVIDUAL DRAWING
Potsherd Number
B__________________________
Type of Potsherd
_______________
Measurements: L _____ x H _____ x W____
Shapes: Can you identify the shape of the vessel?
________________________________________________________________________
Sherd Count
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Handles
Rims
Collars
Bases
Body
Decorated
Sort shapes and count
PotSherd Number
B 66. IX. 16,113
Unmarked
Pottery = BZ
artifact #
Dig site
year excavated
year excavated
grid #
Amphora
The amphora was a two-handled vase
used for storage and transport.
Krater
"mixing-bowl" used for mixing wine with
water.
Plate –
Jar – flat, pedestal or round bottom with or without
handle
Cooking Pot
Thick rim with rounded base
Chalice – drinking vessel
Pithoi
Large Storage vessel
Bowl
How Old Are the Sherds?
I = Israel (time of
King Solomon)
3,000 years old
IX = Egyptian
(time of Pharaoh
Tutankhamun)
3,350 years old
IV = Greek/Persian
2,400 years old
VII = Israel
2,700 years old
BZ = Eastern
Roman Empire
1,700 years old
Stratigraphy
Mesopotamian Ceramics
Egyptian Ceramics
Canaanite Israelite
• Bronze Age Lamp
• Palestine during the Late Bronze Age is
contemporary with Egyptian New Kingdom
Imported Pottery
Bilbils
Seriation
• What came first and in what order did
things occur?
Greek
Black Figure Ware Amphora
540 BCE
Painted Pottery
• Dionysus Holding a
Kantharos.
– Red-figure
– The Berlin Painter
• c. 490-480 B.C.
Dive into History