Absorb certain wavelengths of light while reflecting others.

Plants use electron carriers to transport high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules.
NADP + (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) is a carrier molecule.
NADP + picks up two high-energy electrons, along with a hydrogen ion (H + ). It is then converted into NADPH.
The NADPH can then carry the high-energy electrons to be used in chemical reactions elsewhere in the cell.

Light reactions:
Light dependent water is split
NADPH and ATP are produced

Chemiosmosis mechanism by which ATP is produced by the flow of H ions against a concentration gradient

Light Independent Reactions – Calvin Cycle

Step 3: With CO
2
, convert temporary chemical energy into organic compounds (glucose).

http://faculty.nl.edu/jste/calvin_cycle.htm

Factors that Affect the Rate Photosynthesis

Using glucose and oxygen to make ATP for the cell’s metabolism.

•Anaerobic
•Occurs in the cytoplasm
•Glucose is converted to two pyruvic molecules with the help of 2 ATP
•Net yield of 2 ATP are made
•2NADH are also produced

Products:
2 Pyruvic Acid
2 NADH
2 ATP

Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain

NAD
NADH

Occurs in the mitochondria

Oxygen is required for reaction to occur

Pyruvic acid is needed from glycolysis

Enzyme-directed reactions which produce CO
2
, ATP,
FADH
2 and NADH

How many times does the Kreb cycle go around for one glucose molecule?
How much ATP is produced in this cycle?
How much ATP has been produced so far with Krebs and
Glycolysis?

•
Electron
Transport Chain
•
Aerobic
• All NADH and
FADH
2 produced gives up their electrons to a series of electron accepting proteins.
•
Main production of ATP occurs here.