Compound Names and Formulas
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Binary Ionic Compounds
Binary Molecular Compounds
Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
Organic Hydrocarbons
Acids
Binary Ionic Compounds
• Compounds composed of a metal cation
and a nonmetal anion
• First name is the name of the metal
• Second name is the name of the nonmetal
with an ide suffix
• Ex. NaCl is sodium chloride
Molecular Binary compounds
• Composed of two elements both of which are
nonmetals.
• No ions present
• First name is name of the first element with
prefix
• Second name is name of second element with
prefix
• Prefix indicates subscript number: mono, di, tri,
tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona and deca
• Ex: Carbon monoxide – CO2
Polyatomic Ionic Compounds
• Composed of metal cation and anion
made up of two or more nonmetal atoms
with a net negative charge
• First name is name of metal cation
• Second name is name of polyatomic anion
• Ex. Sodium sulfate – Na2SO4
Organic Compounds
• Hydrocarbons are made up of carbon and
hydrogen atoms
• Alkanes have the formula: CnH2n+2
• Prefix defines the n value: n=1-9 meth,
eth, pro, but, pent, hex, hept, oct, non, and
dec
• Name ends with ane suffix
• Ex: methane – CH4
Binary Acids
• All acids contain hydrogen ion: H+
• In binary acids the anions is a monoatomic
nonmetal anion
• Generic formula: HA
• Prefix: hydro
Suffix: ic
• Ex. Hydrochloric acid - HCl
Polyatomic Acids
• All acids contain hydrogen ion: H+
• In polyatomic acids the anion is a
polyatomic anion
• Generic formula: HA
• Prefix: none(unless polyatomic anion
name has one)
Suffix: ic(ate) or
ous(ite)
• Ex. chloric acid – HClO3
• Ex: hypochlorous acid – HClO
Writing formula for ionic
compounds from formula
• MxAy will be MyAx
• Example: Calcium(2+) nitrate(1-) –
Ca(NO3)2
• Ammonium(1+) carbonate (2-) –
(NH4)2CO3
Writing Molecular formula from
name for binary molecular formulas
• Prefix indicates subscripts for that element
• Dinitrogen pentoxide: N2O5
Writing Alkane formula from name
• Prefix indicates carbon subscript, H
subscript is 2n+2
• Ethane: C2H6
Writing Acid Formula from Name
• First determine if it is binary, it will have a
hydro prefix and ic suffix
• All acid formulas begin with hydrogen ion
• Treat them like an ionic binary compound
• Determine anion element and charge
• Ex: hydrosulfuric acid – H2S
Polyatomic acids
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Determine the anion and its charge
Treat it like a polyatomic ionic compound
Ex: nitric acid – HNO3
Ex: phosphoric acid – H3PO4
Quiz Time!
Identify the formula for:
barium nitrate
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A. Ba3N2
B. Ba(NO2)2
C. BaNO2
D. BaNO3
E. Ba(NO3)2
Identify the formula for:
chromium (III) phosphate
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A. Cr3PO3
B. Cr3(PO4)2
C. Cr2(PO4)3
D. CrPO4
E. Cr3(PO4)3
Identify the formula for:
Ammonium nitrate
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A. NH4NO3
B. NH4NO2
C. NH3NO3
D. NH3NO2
E. (NH4)NO2
Identify the formula for:
Copper (II) bromide
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A. CuBr
B. CuBrO3
C. Cu(BrO3)2
D. CuBr2
E. Cu(BrO4)2
Identify the formula for:
Copper (II) bromide
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A. CuBr
B. CuBrO3
C. Cu(BrO3)2
D. CuBr2
E. Cu(BrO4)2
Identify the formula for:
Sulfur Hexafluoride
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A. SF
B. SF6
C. SF4
D. S4F6
E. SF8
Identify the formula for:
Octane
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A. C6H6
B. C6H12
C. C8H8
D. C8H16
E. C8H18
Identify the formula for:
Hydroiodic Acid
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A. HI
B. H2I
C. HIO3
D. HIO2
E. HIO4
Identify the formula for:
Sulfuric Acid
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A. HS
B. H2S
C. H2SO4
D. H2SO3
E. H3SO3
Identify the formula for:
Tetraphosphorus Decoxide
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A. PO5
B. P2O5
C. P4O8
D. P4O10
E. P5O10