Hosted
By Mrs. Lori Schalles
Structure
DNA
DNA
Replication
RNA
transcription
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Final Jeopardy 1
Final jeopardy 2
TranslationProtein synthesis
QUESTION:
Who are the American biologists who made the
double helical model of the DNA molecule in the
1950s & won a Nobel Prize.
Also, Maurice Williams & Rosalind Franklin
worked on this model.
ANSWER:
James Watson & Francis Crick
Row 1, Col 1
QUESTION:
What are enzymes that separate DNA
strands during replication by breaking
hydrogen bonds between complementary
nitrogenous bases.
ANSWER: Helicase
1,2
QUESTION:
What is the synthesis of an RNA molecule
from information in DNA?
(Its the process by which the genetic instructions in a
specific gene are “transcribed” or rewritten as an
RNA molecule.)
ANSWER: Transcription
1,3
QUESTION:
What is the process of making proteins from
the combined efforts of mRNA, tRNA & rRNA
called?
ANSWER:Translation.
1,4
QUESTION:
What are the repeating subunits that make up a DNA
molecule & consist of 3 parts:
a 5 carbon sugar,
a phosphate group &
a nitrogenous base.
ANSWER: Nucleotide
2,1
QUESTION:
What is the 2 separated strands of the
DNA molecule which serve as templates
for making a DNA copy or an RNA
molecule.
ANSWER: Replication fork
2,2
QUESTION:
What is the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA
on a DNA template.
Adds free nucleotides that are complementary to DNA
nucleotides & results in an RNA chain?
ANSWER: RNA polymerase
2,3
QUESTION:
What is the series of steps in translation
where amino acids are added to the
growing protein chain called?
(Where codons on tRNA bringing each new amino acid
to the ribosome as it reads mRNA. & Each amino acid is
bonded by a covalent peptide bond.)
ANSWER: Elongation.
2,4
QUESTION: What are the
types of bonds between
complementary nitrogenous
bases that can be easily
broken (zipped & unzipped)
for DNA replication, RNA
transcription & translation
into proteins.
ANSWER:
Hydrogen bonds.
3,1
QUESTION:
What is a change in the nucleotide
sequence in a DNA molecule?
ANSWER: Mutation
3,2
QUESTION:
What is the 3 nucleotide sequence in mRNA
that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start
or stop signal called?
(when 3 letters = 1 amino acid)
ANSWER: codon
3,3
QUESTION:
What is the order of the nitrogenous bases
(A ,T, G,C) (Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine)
on a chain of DNA called?
ANSWER:
The DNA Base Sequence
3,4
QUESTION:
What is it called when the base
Adenine always pairs with Thymine
&
Guanine always pairs with Cytosine
(AT, GC)
ANSWER:
Complementary Base Pairing Rule
4,1
QUESTION:
What is the enzyme in DNA
replication that adds individual
nucleotides to the unzipped template
side of a DNA molecule? (It results in
2 identical DNA strands.)
ANSWER:
DNA polymerase
4,2
QUESTION:
What is the corresponding group of 3
nitrogenous bases on a tRNA molecule
(that, along with mRNA’s codon- will build a
protein at rRNA) ?
ANSWER: Anticodon
4,3
QUESTION: What is the set of rules that relates
how a particular sequence of nitrogenous bases
corresponds to a particular amino acid called?
(How the groups of 3 “letters” (combos of A,U,G & C)
on DNA make mRNA & code for a specific amino acid)
ANSWER: the genetic code
4,4
QUESTION:
Who is the scientist who in 1928
showed the concept of “transformation”
– hereditary material passed from
1 bacterial cell to another.
(The surprising result of his test
was that the heat killed
non virulent strains killed mice.)
ANSWER: Frederick Griffith
5,1
QUESTION:
What is the concept of DNA replication
in which one of the strands in
each new DNA molecule is “conserved”
or kept intact from the original
DNA molecule that was copied &
one side is a new strand of nucleotides?
ANSWER:
The semi- conservative model
of DNA replication
5,2
QUESTION:
What is the specific nucleotide sequence that
tells the enzyme RNA polymerase where to
bind to a DNA sequence and begin making an
RNA polymer?
ANSWER: Promoter.
5,3
QUESTION:
What is the complete sequence of nucleotides in
human DNA called?
(There are 3.2 billion base pairs decoded.)
ANSWER: The Human Genome.
5,4
FINAL JEOPARDY
QUESTION: What is the flow of
information in the genetic code.
ANSWER: DNA – RNA- Protein
QUESTION:
What is the sheep who was the first
cloned mammal in 1997 in
England.
ANSWER: Dolly the Sheep