Thermo luminescence of Tequila-based nanodiamond
J. Morales1, R. Bernal2, C. Cruz-Vazquez3, E.G. Salcido-Romero3 and V.M. Castaño4
1Facultad
de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Universidad S/N, San Nicolás, Nuevo León 66450
México
2Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Apdo. Postal 5-088, Hermosillo, Sonora 83190 México
3Departamento de Investigación en Polímeros y Materiales, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 130, Hermosillo, Sonora 83000 México
4Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 1-1010, Querétaro, Querétaro 76000
México
ABSTRACT
Centro de Física Aplicad
y Tecnología Avanzada
UNAM-Querétaro
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Nanodiamond thin films were deposited onto Si (100) substrates using Tequila as
precursor by Pulsed Liquid Injection Chemical Vapor Deposition (PLICVD) at 850 °C.
Some samples were exposed to beta particle irradiation in the dose range from 100 to
1600 Gy, and it was found that the thermo luminescence response is a linear function
of dose. The glow curve displays two maxima centered at 170 and 350 °C, which does
not shift when dose changes, indicating that first order kinetics processes are
involved. From the results, we conclude that the new nanodiamond films are promising
high dose thermoluminescence dosimeters.
120
Intensity (arb.u)
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
-1
Wavenumber (cm )
INTRODUCTION
Some phosphor materials, when previously exposed to radiation, have the property of
emitting light when heated. This phenomenon, called thermally stimulated
luminescence or thermoluminescence (TL), is used to measure the amount of radiation
(dose) to which a material has been exposed, if the amount of light emitted
(thermoluminescent emission) is proportional to the exposure dose. Dosimetry refers
to the measurement of radiation dose, and the phenomenom of TL is the basis of the
TL dosimetry, which since it was proposed by Farrington Daniels in the 1950s
remained as the most widely used dosimetric technique [1, 2].
A Risø TL/OSL model TL/OSL-DA-20 unit equipped with a 90Sr beta radiation source
was used to perform beta irradiations and the TL measurements. All irradiations were
accomplished using a 5 Gy/min dose rate at room temperature ( 295 K (22 °C)). The TL
readouts were carried out under N2 atmosphere using a heating rate of 5 K/s. Figure 1
show a simplified diagram and a picture of the TL measurement system.
To characterize the structure, Raman spectroscopy was carried out using a Dilor microRaman spectrometer with a 20 mW, 632 nm He-Ne laser equipped with a confocal
microscope. The PLICVD system use small micro-doses of liquid precursors the
precise micro-doses of such solution are injected through a computer-driven system
into the evaporation zone, where they instantly evaporate (flash evaporation), so there
is no time for chemical changes of the precursor.
3
2.5x10
5
5x10
3
2.0x10
100 Gy
200 Gy
400 Gy
800 Gy
1600 Gy
3
1.5x10
5
3
1.0x10
2
5.0x10
0.0
Experimental
Linear fit
4x10
ITL (arb. u.)
TL Intensity (arb. u.)
EXPERIMENTAL
Figure 3. Micro-Raman spectrum of a
nano-diamond film obtained using the
PLICVD technique and tequila as
precursor. The sharp band displayed is
characteristic of good quality diamond
structure.
Figure 2. Atomic force microscopy
image of a tequila-derived PLICVD
synthesized diamond film surface..
5
3x10
5
2x10
100
200
300
400
0
Temperature (°C)
500
1000
1500
Dose (Gy)
Figure 4. Characteristic glow curves of nanodiamond films growth using the PLICVD
technique and tequila as precursor, and after
being exposed to beta particle irradiation in
the dose range from 100 up to 1,600 Gy.
Figure 5. Integrated TL as a function
of irradiation dose, as obtained from
nano diamond films subjected to beta
particle irradiation.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that nanodiamond films growth from tequila using the PLICVD
technique are promising for the development of high dose detectors and
dosimeters. The technique assures good reproducibility of samples
synthesis. The characteristic glow curves display emission in the interval
from 200 to 250 °C, which is considered very suitable to guarantee both,
thermal stability to avoid TL fading under storage, and non interference of the
TL signal and the black body radiation.
Figure 1. Simplified diagram and a TL measurement picture.
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Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México through Oficina de Colaboración Insterinstitucional. Diamond samples were prepared in the laboratory under Dr. Miguel Apátiga
assistence, to whom the authors are indebted. The authors also thank Dr. J. G. Bañuelos, Dr. J. Ocotlán, and Dr. J. Saniger for the AFM images, to Dr. R. Sato, Dr. S. Jiménez and Ing. F. Melgarejo for the Raman
facilities, as well as to Mr. A. Loeza for technical support.