Unit 2
Iron and the Effects of
Exercise
Background Information（1）

Purdue University:

History
Founded in 1869 and named after benefactor John
Purdue.
Student Body
students from 50 states and 130 countries


Background Information（2）


Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
It is a multidisciplinary journal featuring original
investigation, clinical studies, and comprehensive
reviews on current topics in sports medicine and
exercise science. With this multidisciplinary journal,
exercise physical therapists, team physicians and athletic
trainers get a vital exchange of information form basic
and applied science, medicine, education, and allied
health fields. For more information, please check out tis
homepage at http://www.ms-se.com.
Background Information（3）


Digestive system
The digestive system is a series of hollow organs joined
in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus.
Inside this tube is a lining called the mucosa. In the
mouth, stomach, and small interstine, the mucosa
contains, tiny glands that produce juices to help digest
food. For more information abut the digestive system,
please see
http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/digest/pubs/digesyst/ne
wdiges.htm.
Text Structure Analysis:





Part One (Para 1):
Part Twoout
(Para
Pointing
the2-3):
problem: even moderate
Providing
evidence
for
the problem—three
Part
Three
(Para
4):to
exercise
may
lead
reduced
iron in the
evidence
has
been
provided.
blood
of
women.
Part
Four
(Para
5-6):
Analysis of general causes for the problem--Analysis
specific
causes
for the problem--four
causes
have
been
mentioned.
Part
Five of
(Para
7-8):
two reasons
Analysis of effects of iron deficiency—two
effects
Text Structure Analysis:






Part Six (Para 9):
Part Seven
10-11):
Analysis
of (Para
the importance
of checking iron
Solutions
the points.
problem—5 solutions
Part
Eight to
(Para
12):
reserves—three
Part Four (Para 5-6):
Evaluation
Analysis
of writing
specificpattern
causesof
forthis
thepassage?
problem--What
is the
two reasons
Problem---Analysis---Solution
Summary of the Text:
Exercises may lead to more loss of iron in
females, which in turn produces serious
effects on their health. According to sports
medicine experts, active women should pay
more attention to iron deficiency in their
bodies and take correct measures to remedy
it before it really becomes a problem.
Words and Expressions












bounce back
up to
take in
at risk
be liable to do
high-impact sports
a condition that
out of breath
throw up
derive …from
go up
interfere with
1. bounce back: return to the normal and
healthy state of feeling or activity（para3）
1




.
gamesL
We lost two or three early
in the
World Cup, but we bounced back.
在世界杯比赛中我们先输了几场，但后来又赢回来了。
He is young enough to bounce back from
this disappointment.
他很年轻，能够从这次挫折恢复过来。
2. up to: as far as; to and including (para 4)




Up to 10 men can sleep in this tent.
这帐篷里可以睡10个人。
Everyone works, from the boy who sweeps the
floor up to the President.
每个人都工作，下至扫地的男孩上到总统。
3. take in: allow air, drink or food to
enter one’s body
(Para4)



The wounded soldier was so weak that he
could hardly take in even liquid.
这名受伤的战士身体太弱，甚至不能喝流体食物。
Heavy food is too oily for the body to take
in.
油腻的食物不适宜身体吸收。
4. at risk :
in danger (Para4)




The disease is spreading, and all children
under five are at risk.
疾病在蔓延，5岁以下的孩子都有被传染的危险。
Up to 2,000 jobs are still at risk.
仍有失业危险的人多达2,000。
5. be liable to do: 1) be likely to do 2) often
suffer from (Para4)




He is liable to shout when angry.
他一生气就高声叫喊。
She will not grow into a woman
particularly liable to depression.
她不会变成一个容易沮丧的女人。
6. high-impact sports: sports that
require great endurance (Para6)



The lady is too old to do high-impact
sports.
这位女士年纪太大了不适宜做高强度的耐力运
动。
High-impact sports are not suitable
for small children.
小孩子都不适合高强度的耐力运动。
7. The first and most common is having low
iron reserves, a condition that typically has
no symptom. (Para7)


Meaning: The first stage of iron
deficiency---which is also the most
common– is one in which one doesn’t have
much iron stored in the body. And during
this stage there are usually no signs of
iron deficiency.
“a condition that…” serves as an
appositive, generalizing the preceding
clause.
8. out of breath: It means people cannot
breathe easily (Para7)



When he finally got on the train, he
was out of breath.
在他最后登上火车时，他已经是气喘吁吁。
At the end of the race the winner
was out of breath.
获胜者跑到终点时已经上气不接下气了。
9. throw up: without something or
someone unwanted; safe from (Para4)




The child has thrown up her dinner
again!
这孩子又把她吃的晚饭吐了。
She said that she had thrown up
after reading reports of the trial.
她说她读了关于审判的报道后感到恶心。
10. derive …from:
1) obtain from 2) come from (Para11)




He is one of those people who can derive
pleasure from helping others.
有些人从帮助他人中得到了快乐，他便是其中之一。
These are defensive behavior patterns
which derive from our subconscious fears.
这些防范的行为模式源自于我们潜意识里的恐惧。
11. go up : rise, increase; become higher
(Para11)




The temperature is going up; will the snow
melt?
温度在升高，雪会融化吗？
My weight keeps going up although I try
not to eat too much.
虽然我尽力不多吃，我的体重还是越来越重。
12. Interfere with : 1) get in the way of 2)
touch or cause damage to (Para11)



Nothing must be allowed to interfere with our
plans for the weekend.
决不允许任何事情干扰我们的周末计划。
Somebody’s been interfering with my papers
again; I do wish everyone would leave them
alone. I have them carefully organized.
又有人动了我的稿子，我真的希望不要有人动它们，我都
仔细地把它们按顺序放好了。
13. sum up : 1) give a short account of sth. 2)
make a total of an amount (para 12)




I can best sum up the advantages of the
system by describing some recent
encouraging results.
通过描述最近取得的令人鼓舞的成果，我能很好地
概括该系统的长处。
These ten books sum up this year’s
production.
这10本书概括了今年的全部成果。
Questions for discussion
1. After reading the passage, what is your attitude
towards doing exercises?
2. Why might be the reasons for scientists to make
experiments with rats or other animals?
3. According to the author, which one is more
important, mind or body? Do you agree with him?
4. How can we stay healthy?
Writing (理由陈述类)



My Way of Seeing Life
1. 人们从不同的角度看待人生
1) Life may be many things to many
people. 2) Some may see it as building
up as much material wealth as possible
while others may view it as enjoying to
the fullest the pleasures each day offers.
(人们的看法举例)
Writing (理由陈述类)


2. 我所推崇的看法是······(说明理由)
3) As far as I am concerned, however, I
would prefer to value it as my sole
chance to enrich myself with knowledge
first, then to serve the society with all my
heart, and finally to leave the world
without any regrets. (我的看法)
Writing (理由陈述类)


3. 进一步阐述
4) My outlook on life is bound up with three
major factors. 5) Primarily, life is so
wondrous that I am eager to explore it. (理由I)
6) Set your heart on a mystery and you can
find something new; attach more of your
mind to a challenge and you can get a sense
of success, all of which, however, depends
on how much knowledge you have equipped
yourself with first. (进一步阐述)
Writing (理由陈述类)

7) Secondly, life is also short to any individual like
me. (理由II) 8) The flower you have just kissed for
the first time is now fading away while the love from
others you have come to cherish more is already on
the wane. (进一步阐述) 9) And most of all, both
wondrousness and shortness of life push me to
seize every golden minute and every golden chance.
(理由III) 10) Once I idle away the time I am
supposed to grasp to study or work for the people,
there will be no more hope of making up for it


4. 归纳
11) I have much option in this matter, but
I have never found any other way of
seeing life more reasonable and
acceptable than mine. 12) Thus, I will
leave no stone unturned during the
course of my college studies in order to
pave the way for my meaningful and
colorful life.