Ololade Akinfegbe
April 24 2011
Walden University
Prevention of malaria:
->To equip stakeholders with all necessary
information on how to prevent malaria



Rural dwellers
Community health workers
Non-governmental organizations.

Malaria: life-threatening parasitic infection.

Prevention: keeping of something from
happening.

Stakeholders: A person, group, or
organization

Major health problem in Nigeria
-> 50% of out-patients visits
-> 15% of hospital admission,
-> One of the top three causes of death.

Reference
(Alaba and Alaba 2009).






There are more than 225 million cases of
malaria each year,
killing around 781,000 people each year.
Majority of deaths are of young children in
Sub-Saharan Africa.
Ninety percent of malaria-related deaths
occur in sub-Saharan Africa
References:
WHO(2010)
(Oyewole.I.O, Ogunnowo A. A, Ibidapo.C. A., Okoh H. I,. Awolola T. S and Adedayo M. A. 2010)

Plasmodium parasite: can be contracted by sharing
needles, transfusions or via the placenta.

Malaria transmission:
-> Influenced by climate.
-> High humidity

Human malaria:
->Plasmodium ovale,
->P. malariae,
->P. vivax,
->P. falciparum

Reference
Salako , Ajayi , Sowunmi and Walker (1990)

Malaria can cause:
-> Fever
-> Shivering
-> Joint pain
-> Anorexia
-> Vomiting
-> Malaise
->Anemia
->Convulsions



Primary prevention
Secondary prevention
Tertiary prevention
Some primary prevention methods include:





Vector control targeted at the environment
Use of insecticide treated nets
Indoor residual spraying using DDT
Larval control
Protective clothing
Reference
Hunponu-Wusu (2009)
The main secondary form of prevention is
chemoprophylaxis use to suppress malaria
 Drugs :
-> Oral quinine
-> Doxycycline
-> Mefloquine
-> Atovaquone
-> Proguanil
-> Artemether-lumefantrine



Prompt diagnosis
Early treatment of the disease
Reduction of complications.
Reference
Nyamongo.I (2002).

In conclusion malaria is a deadly but
preventable disease which could be totally
eradicated if necessary preventive measures
are taken especially at the primary level with
the help of our stakeholders.

Alaba. A, Alaba. B (2009). Malaria in Rural Nigeria: Implications for the millennium development goal. Volume
21, Issue 1, pages 73-85

Business dictionary. Retrieved on April 23, 2011from:
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/stakeholder.html

Miller-Keane (2003) Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, 7th Edition. Saunders
imprint of Elsevier, Inc.

Nyamongo.I (2002). Health care switching behavior of malaria patients in a kenyan rural community. Social
science and medicine. 54 (3) 377-86

Oyewole.I.O, Ogunnowo A. A, Ibidapo.C. A., Okoh H. I, Awolola T. S and Adedayo M. A. (2010) Epidemiology of
malaria and insecticide resistance burden in Nigeria. Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology Vol. 3(1),
pp. 6–12

Salako. L, Ajayi. F, Sowunmi.A, Walker. O. (1990) Malaria in Nigeria. 84(5):435-45.

World Health Organization (2010) world malaria report. Retrieved on April 23, 2011 from:
http://www.who.int/malaria/world_malaria_report_2010/worldmalariareport2010.pdf