maps - Monaro RFS
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Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team Version 3.1 Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team The world is not flat. It’s a “Round-ish Shape” (if that makes any sense) Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team It’s got Lumps and Bumps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team Creeks and Rivers Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team Differences in Vegetation Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team And… many interesting features (natural & man-made) Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team Map reading is the art of being able to look at a 2D image (map) to gain a 3D overview of the area that has been represented on that map. Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 1. Types of Maps Topographic How do you fold them? Orthophoto Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 2. Projections The Prime Meridian North The Equator Activity 1: Hand out the historic projection examples West East South Latitude Longitude A projection of the globe onto a flat map using a grid of lines of latitude and longitude Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 2. Projections Distortion Distortion Antarctica Transverse Mercator Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 2. Projections Universal Transverse Mercator Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems Australia Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 8o South of the Equator 16o 8o 24o 6o 32o 40o 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o East of the Prime Meridian Latitude & Longitude lines based upon the Map Grid of Australia (MGA) Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L Activity 2: Hand out the MGA zone reference sheet 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o This UTM Projection is used to creates Zones Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o This is Zone 55H 150o 156o Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o A single zone is closer to a rectangle than the whole country Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o But rectangular maps still don’t fit Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o And where is the Point of Origin? (Reference Point) Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o 10,000km from the Equator then set to 0o North G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o A False Point of Origin (somewhere to lock the grid system to) Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o 10,000km from the Equator then set to 0o North G 48o o 108 114o 500km west of the Central Meridian then set to 0o East 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o The maps in zones are lined up to a Central Meridian Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o This system is repeated for each zone Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o 150o 156o Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o 10,000km from the Equator then set to 0o North H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o Zone 55H 132o 138o 144o 150o 500km west of the Central Meridian then set to 0o East 156o Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 53 52 8o L 16o K 24o J 32o H 40o G 48o o 108 114o 120o 126o 132o 138o 144o Where two zones meet 150o 156o Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems Shooters Hill & Kanangra Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems Shooters Hill & Kanangra Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems Shooters Hill & Kanangra Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems Shooters Hill & Kanangra Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems 36 35 (6234000m North) 34 75 (775000m East) 76 77 23 (223000m East) Shooters Hill & Kanangra 24 25 Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems This method of aligning map sheets to a datum is known as the Geocentric Datum of Australia Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 3. Grid Systems An understanding of UTM, GDA and MGA will ensure that we are communicating grid references correctly. Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 4. Map Sheet Information a) Map title b) Map edition & sheet number c) Map scale d) Type of map e) Approximate location f) GDA symbol Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 4. Map Sheet Information a) Scale (linear scale) b) Contour Interval c) Legend or key to symbols Activity 3: Finding features on the Cooma map sheet Activity 4: Hand out fire mapping symbols Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 4. Map Sheet Information a) Grid MGA, Grid lines at intervals of 1000m AMG shown in blue b) Projection (UTM) Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 4. Map Sheet Information a) Location b) Adjoining maps c) North points diagram d) Counties & Local Government Areas e) Grid reference block f) Additional datum information (important information for GPS users) Activity 5: Find the zones (Cooma map sheet) with the MGA zone reference sheet GV Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 5. Map Scale a) Common scales are: 1:25 000 1:50 000 1:100 000 Activity 6: Complete b) The linear scale the distance exercise c) Measuring distances on a map (paper, string or ruler) sheet A contour interval reference is also provided Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 6. Contours Activity 7: Complete the contours exercise sheet Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 7. Map Coordinates a) Latitude & Longitude note: problems with distance. Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 7. Map Coordinates a) Latitude & Longitude 36o 50’ 00” S Latitude increases in value in southerly direction at 00o 01’ 00” intervals from the Equator 36o 51’ 00” S 36o 52’ 00” S 36o 52’ 30” S Over Australia, Longitude increases in value in easterly direction at 00o 01’ 00” intervals from the Prime Meridian 149o 15’ 00” E 149o 16’ 00” E 149o 17’ 00” E Map Reading & GPS Part One - Maps A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 1000m 7. Map Coordinates a) Northings & Eastings 1000m 5 920 000mN 5 919 000mN 5 918 000mN Northings increase in value in northerly direction AMG 5 917 000mN of false origin Eastings increase in value in easterly direction ? 703 000mE 702 000mE AMG 701 000mE of false origin for this zone Beware 13 figure grid references Zero is 500 000m west of the Central Meridian Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 8. a) b) c) d) Grid References Map details Four figure Six figure Avoid thirteen figure references e) Fourteen figure Cathcart map sheet or 55HGV Grid Ref 0120 (somewhere in this blue square) Cathcart map sheet or 55HGV Grid Ref 016186 (somewhere in this blue square) Thirteen Figure GR 7016005918600 Fourteen Figure GR 07016005918600 Eastings 0701600 Northings 5918600 Convert to 6 fig Remember to go across before you go up and down (east then north) Start with the map details (to suit you operational standards) Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team 8. Grid References a) Using a Romer Scale The dam is at grid reference: Cathcart map sheet 1:25,000 034195 Activity 8: Complete the grid references exercise sheet Part One - Maps Map Reading & GPS A guide for Firefighters NSW Rural Fire Service – Monaro Team Part One - Maps Any Questions?
