‘Bringing Green Revolution to Eastern India’ Sub scheme of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana supplementing crop husbandry programs in Eastern Indian States Status of BGREI Implementation in Preparatory meeting of 26th July 2012 Objective • Increased and assured supply of rice production to meet the growing demand – Reduce climate change related risks by widening production base and fast tracking development of high potential production area • Remove regional imbalance in production – Self sufficiency in major consuming areas – Economies of logistics • Preserve natural resources – Sustainable production in appropriate agro ecologies Potential of Eastern Region The region is endowed with climatic conditions particularly congenial temperature regime suitable for year round cropping Vast unexploited agricultural potential increasing cropping intensity Increasing crop productivity The region witnesses high annual rainfall and is rich in utilizable surface and ground-water resources Ground Water Availability and Utilization 80 Ground water in 109 m3 70 Over Exploited Average Under Developed 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Net annual ground water availability irrigation Annual ground water draft for Land use Sl. No. Cropping Intensity (%) % Irrigated Area over net sown 4099 145.9 7.0 1.11 5332 7491 140.5 63.7 0.43 13519 4683 5561 118.7 20.8 1.51 7972 1250 1399 111.9 8.1 NA 5 Odisha 15571 5574 9107 163.4 39.1 1.15 6 Uttar Pradesh 24093 16589 240764 149.3 81.1 0.80 7 West Bengal 8875 5256 9530 181.3 59.2 0.79 8 Punjab 5036 4158 7875 189.4 98.0 3.95 9 Haryana 4421 3550 6351 178.9 86.4 2.23 328726 140022 192197 137.3 47.2 1.23 Geographic al Area Net Sown Area 1 Assam 7844 2811 2 Bihar 9416 State 3 Chhattisgarh 4 Jharkhand All India Gross Cropped Area Area in ‘000 hectares Size of holding (in ha) The productivity levels of rice and rice-based cropping systems are about the lowest in the region when compared with that in other states Rice Yields in 2011-12 4000 3500 3741 3423 3146 3000 2500 3044 2897 2719 2668 2372 2358 2162 2158 2124 2078 2018 2000 1500 1886 1849 1821 1704 1597 1448 1106 1000 500 0 Rice Area affected by different stresses in eastern India (lakh ha) Salinity/Sodicity Flash Flood prone Drought Prone Coastal Inland Assam 8.0 2 Nil Nil Bihar 11.0 10 Nil 1.5 Jharkhand Nil 8.2 Nil Nil Chhattisgrah Nil 27.3 Nil Nil Orissa 11.6 12.6 1.5 Nil U.P 9.3 13.1 Nil 6 West Bengal 10.3 14.6 4.4 Nil 50.2 87.8 5.9 7.5 74 138.2 9.6 20.4 2/3rd 2/3rd 2/3rd 1/3rd States Total Region Total Rice Rainfed rice production is low and unstable mainly due to abiotic stresses Strategy • Promote stress tolerant varieties – Submergence tolerant • Swarna-Sub1 : Assam, UP, Bihar, WB, Orissa • Samba Mahsuri-Sub1 : UP, • IR 64-Sub1 : UP, Orissa, WB – Drought tolerant • Sahbhagi dhan : UP, Bihar, Orissa, Jharkhand and Chhatisgarh – Salinity tolerant • CSR-36 : UP & Bihar • Promote recommended package of practices suitable for different rice ecologies – – – – Upland rice Rainfed Low land rice Rainfed Deep water rice Irrigated rice Lower Gangetic Plains Region (WB other than Purulia and hill districts) Middle Gangetic Plains Region (Eastern U.P. and Bihar) Flood/ water logging, poor drainage, Salinity/alkalinity, Arsenic contamination • • • • Submergence tolerant varieties of Rice need to be promoted Scope for utilizing kharif rice fallows for cultivation of rabi pulses and oilseeds Reduce upland rice areas with more suitable crops like pulses and oilseeds Development of on-farm irrigation resources especially efficient use of ground water(except Arsenic Prone areas) • Increasing the fertilizer use • Use Leaf colour charts for Nitrogen and promote PSB • Taking care of widespread deficiency of zinc and boron. • Promotion of short to medium duration high yielding varieties and hybrids of rice and maize • Promotion of maize cultivation especially in Rabi • Promotion of early maturing varieties of sugarcane • Development of on-farm irrigation resources especially efficient use of ground water Recommendations Eastern Plateau & Hills Region (Parts of Orissa, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh) Moisture stress, drought and Soil acidity, Iron toxicity • Promote rainwater harvesting and storage for increasing crop productivity • Promotion of medium duration High yielding varieties/hybrids of rice • Improvement in seed supply so as to increase the SRR • Improvement in productivity of crops in acidic soils through soil treatment with liming materials available in the region East Coast Plains & Hills (Part of Orissa) Salinity, Water management, Poor nutritional status of soil, saline lands • High yielding varieties for water logged areas and upland areas needs to be propagated • Discouraging the cultivation of rice in marginal lands and diversifying in favour of oilseeds and pulses • Utilization of rice fallows for increasing the crop area under pulses and oilseeds • Rice-fish culture • Improving soil drainage Recommendations Program 2010-11 Broad outline of components (Numbers) C PT WH WU 2 2 4 2 W. B. 5 14 0 1 Odisha 7 2 1 Chhattisgarh 4 5 8 0 0 Bihar 4 6 0 2 U. P. 3 4 0 0 Assam 2 3 2 0 JH Total 6 44 8 6 2011-12 • State Crops included rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, oilseeds & pulses. C: Number of crops; PT: Production Technology; WH: Water Harvesting; WU: Water Utilization; SM: Stress Management/Soil amelioration. SM 3 1 0 1 0 1 1 7 Technology promotion in compact blocks of 1000 hectares – 391 – Rice ecology specific technologies • Emphasis on line sowing/transplantation, land preparation – Hybrid rice promotion – Promotion of resource conservation technologies for wheat crop – Involvement of Progressive farmers • Asset building – Water source development • Shallow tube wells – 29,500 • Borewells and dugwells – 9,000 – Water pump sets – 4,200 – Zero till seed drills – 2,000 • Site specific local needs - 18 % of funds Program for 2012-13 Component Physical Targets Block Demonstrations Demonstrations on Rice-1000 ha each (Nos.) Demonstrations on Wheat-1000 ha each (Nos.) 598.6 112.5 Shallow Tube Wells (Nos.) Pump sets (Nos.) Dug wells/Bore wells (Nos.) Zero Till seed Drills (Nos.) Check Dams 55266 92357 2130 2267 260 Rice Demonstrations on SRI Technology (Nos.) Construction of Minor Irrigation Tanks (Nos) New LBCD for 175 set of BPCD of 2011-12 (Set) Farm cum Fish Ponds in sub-merged low land (Nos.) Creation of Community Irrigation Projects (Nos.) Check Dam/Diversion Weir Irrigation Projects (Nos.) Irrigation (Water Conveyance) PVC of High Density Polythene Pipe (Nos.) Drum seeders/Markers (Nos.) Handholding of last year’s demonstrations (Nos.) Institutional Support for Establishment of Krishi Utpadan Kendra (Nos.) Gypsum Application (Ha) Demonstrations on Line Sowing (Ha 28 92 8 1000 684 10 23766 525 27000 240 4500 72672 Asset Building Site Specific Activities Steps initiated by GoI Preparatory Detailed Guidelines Approval of Plans in SLSCs Release of Money Setting up monitoring system Monitoring teams Scientists CRRI Dedicated cell in Krishi Bhawan IRRI – seed production Setting up communication channels Mobilizing Support Consolidation Publicity Water, Power, Procurement, Credit AERCs Manual Letters to CMs, AMs and MPs Committee of CMs Web site Meetings by Secretary in each State Rice checks ISRO for crop monitoring Funds State West Bengal Odisha Chhattisgarh Uttar Pradesh (Eastern) Bihar Assam Jharkhand Total states M&E G. Total 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 Total 102.37 72.2 269 443.57 79.67 62.62 217.25 359.54 67.15 55.21 131.5 253.86 57.27 85.66 105.5 248.43 63.94 55.33 119.25 238.52 17.5 33.32 95.5 146.32 12.1 31.68 59 102.78 1793 400 396.02 997 6.98 0 3.98 3 1800 400 400 1000 Rs in crores Rice Production State Assam Bihar Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Odisha Uttar Pradesh (East) West Bengal Total for Seven States 2009-10 2010-11 43.36 35.99 41.1 15.38 69.18 54.76 143.41 403.18 47.37 31.02 61.59 11.1 68.28 65.19 130.46 415.01 In lakh tonnes 2011-12 % increase in 201112 over 2009-10 40.09 (-) 7.54 72.01 100.08 60.28 46.67 34.18 122.24 58.15 (-) 15.94 74.35 35.77 148.53 3.57 487.59 20.94 Technical Backstopping • CRRI, Cuttack monitoring. assigned the Nodal responsibility of – Nomination of Scientist for each BGREI States by CRRI. • Out of 125 districts, 25 districts of Assam(4), Bihar(1), Chhattisgarh(6), Jharkhand (3) and Odisha (11) were covered by CRRI during 2011-12. – Response from other associated institutions was weak during the year. • Organised awareness meetings and State level workshops – planning, monitoring, documentation, technical support in implementation and in organizing crop cutting experiments etc. Key feed backs • Noteworthy initiatives; • • • • Bihar and Jharkhand promoted SRI with rice hybrids Involvement of NGOs for Line transplantation- Odisha and UP Drum seeders/seed drills in Chhattisgarh and UP Shallow tube well linked promotion of Boro Rice season in Assam • Increase in adoption of hybrid rice and submergence/drought tolerant varieties; • Increased demand for farm machinery- self propelled reaper/combine harvester etc. • Demand for marketing, processing and procurement support Impact Evaluation • To assess the efficacy of the programme implemented up to March 2012, impact evaluation study assigned to Agriculture Economic Research Centres (AERCs) of BGREI States • Consolidated report is expected by end November, 2012. – The report received in respect of Chhattisgarh, Odisha and West Bengal reveals. • Comprehensive input package with cluster demonstration resulted significant increase in productivity of rice, – which narrowed down the yield gap from 31.81% to 12.67% in Chhattisgarh and from 24.71% to 19.12% in West Bengal – Perceived by farmers as one of the best programme in terms of adequacy of input package and technology dissemination – Progressive farmers were found most viable links between extension machinery and beneficiary farmers. • Problem of marketing and low market price still persists across States Lessons Learnt for Improvement • Involve State Agriculture University/KVKs – Identifying yield gaps and planning key interventions • Crop monitoring through the crop cycle – Document the field observations and analyse the results on what worked and what didn’t • Ensure field presence – Converge staff across domains, supplement by NGOs • Deliver technology and not cash – Fill gaps in farmers’ practice – Launch specific campaigns on key interventions • Integrated services to farmers – Coordinate with marketing, finance, power, water and revenue departments through out the crop cycle Sum up • Eastern India Initiative has returned spectacular results in 2011-12 with sharp increase in crop productivity • Gap identification by involvement of scientists would help to better address the constraints • Committee of Chief Ministers would provide a forum for coordination across departments Thank you !