Chapter 26 – The Urinary System
Components
& Functions of
the Urinary
System
Blood Supply
of the
Kidneys
Urine Flow
Through the
Kidney
The Ureters,
Urinary
Bladder, and
Urethra
Micturition
Reflex /
Aging Effects
$100
$100
$100
$100
$100
$200
$200
$200
$200
$200
$300
$300
$300
$300
$300
$400
$400
$400
$400
$400
$500
$500
$500
$500
$500
FINAL ROUND
Topic 1:
$100 Question
Which of the following functions to conduct
semen to the exterior in males?
a. ureter
b. collecting duct
c. urethra
d. papillary duct
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$100 Answer
Which of the following functions to conduct
semen to the exterior in males?
a. ureter
b. collecting duct
c. urethra
d. papillary duct
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Question
Which of the following structures faces the
renal cortex?
a. base of each pyramid
b. renal papillae
c. tip of each pyramid
d. renal pelvis
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$200 Answer
Which of the following structures faces the
renal cortex?
a. base of each pyramid
b. renal papillae
c. tip of each pyramid
d. renal pelvis
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Question
Each kidney has roughly ____ nephrons,
with a combined length of about ____.
a. 1.25 million, 85 miles
b. 0.75 million, 170 miles
c. 1.25 million, 170 miles
d. 0.75 million, 85 miles
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$300 Answer
Each kidney has roughly ____ nephrons,
with a combined length of about ____.
a. 1.25 million, 85 miles
b. 0.75 million, 170 miles
c. 1.25 million, 170 miles
d. 0.75 million, 85 miles
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Question
Which of the following do not pass through
the hilum and branch within the renal
sinus?
a. renal blood vessels and nerves
b. lymphatic vessels
c. urethra
d. ureter
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$400 Answer
Which of the following do not pass through
the hilum and branch within the renal
sinus?
a. renal blood vessels and nerves
b. lymphatic vessels
c. urethra
d. ureter
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Question
On gross dissection, which of the following can be
visualized?
a. The anterior surface of the left kidney is
covered by the liver, hepatic flexure of the
colon, and duodenum.
b. The anterior surface of the left kidney is
covered by the spleen, stomach, pancreas,
jejunum, and splenic flexure of the colon.
c. The medial surface of each kidney is capped by
a suprarenal gland.
d. The kidneys lie between the muscles of the
dorsal body wall and the visceral peritoneum in
a retroperitoneal position.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 1:
$500 Answer
On gross dissection, which of the following can be
visualized?
a. The anterior surface of the left kidney is
covered by the liver, hepatic flexure of the
colon, and duodenum.
b. The anterior surface of the left kidney is
covered by the spleen, stomach, pancreas,
jejunum, and splenic flexure of the colon.
c. The medial surface of each kidney is capped by
a suprarenal gland.
d. The kidneys lie between the muscles of the
dorsal body wall and the visceral peritoneum in
a retroperitoneal position.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Question
Which of the following vessels parallel the
boundary between the cortex and medulla
of the kidney and give rise to a number of
interlobular arteries?
a. afferent arterioles
b. cortical radiate arteries
c. arcuate arteries
d. interlobar arteries
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$100 Answer
Which of the following vessels parallel the
boundary between the cortex and medulla
of the kidney and give rise to a number of
interlobular arteries?
a. afferent arterioles
b. cortical radiate arteries
c. arcuate arteries
d. interlobar arteries
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Question
Which of the following vessels branch from
each cortical radiate artery to supply
individual nephrons?
a. efferent arterioles
b. segmental arteries
c. interlobular arteries
d. afferent arterioles
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$200 Answer
Which of the following vessels branch from
each cortical radiate artery to supply
individual nephrons?
a. efferent arterioles
b. segmental arteries
c. interlobular arteries
d. afferent arterioles
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Question
From the glomerulus, the efferent arteriole
enters which vessel(s)?
a. peritubular capillaries
b. interlobular veins
c. venules
d. renal vein
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$300 Answer
From the glomerulus, the efferent arteriole
enters which vessel(s)?
a. peritubular capillaries
b. interlobular veins
c. venules
d. renal vein
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Question
Which process occurs across the walls of
the glomerular capillaries?
a. reabsorption
b. secretion
c. excretion
d. filtration
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$400 Answer
Which process occurs across the walls of
the glomerular capillaries?
a. reabsorption
b. secretion
c. excretion
d. filtration
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Question
Which of the following indicates the correct flow
of renal circulation?
a. renal artery → cortical radiate arteries →
arcuate arteries → interlobar arteries
b. arcuate arteries → cortical radiate
arteries → afferent arterioles →
glomerulus
c. efferent arteriole → peritubular
capillaries → interlobular veins →
venules → interlobar veins
ANSWER
d. (a) and (b)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 2:
$500 Answer
Which of the following indicates the correct flow
of renal circulation?
a. renal artery → cortical radiate arteries →
arcuate arteries → interlobar arteries
b. arcuate arteries → cortical radiate
arteries → afferent arterioles →
glomerulus
c. efferent arteriole → peritubular
capillaries → interlobular veins →
venules → interlobar veins
d. (a) and (b)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Question
Which of the following nephron segments
functions in the secretion of ions, acids,
drugs, and toxins?
a. papillary duct
b. connecting tubules and collecting
duct
c. distal convoluted tubule
d. proximal convoluted tubule
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$100 Answer
Which of the following nephron segments
functions in the secretion of ions, acids,
drugs, and toxins?
a. papillary duct
b. connecting tubules and collecting
duct
c. distal convoluted tubule
d. proximal convoluted tubule
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Question
Mesangial cells are/do not:
a. engulf organic materials that might
otherwise clog the dense layer.
b. situated between the endothelial cells of
adjacent capillaries, which are encircled
by the clear layer of the basal lamina.
c. regulate the diameters of the glomerular
capillaries.
d. provide physical support for the
glomerular capillaries.
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$200 Answer
Mesangial cells are/do not:
a. engulf organic materials that might
otherwise clog the dense layer.
b. situated between the endothelial cells of
adjacent capillaries, which are encircled
by the clear layer of the basal lamina.
c. regulate the diameters of the glomerular
capillaries.
d. provide physical support for the
glomerular capillaries.
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Question
The glomerular capillaries are ____
capillaries with pores ranging from ____.
a. discontinuous, 60-100 μm
b. fenestrated, 60-100 μm
c. fenestrated, 60-100 nm
d. discontinuous, 200-500 nm
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$300 Answer
The glomerular capillaries are ____
capillaries with pores ranging from ____.
a. discontinuous, 60-100 μm
b. fenestrated, 60-100 μm
c. fenestrated, 60-100 nm
d. discontinuous, 200-500 nm
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Question
The distal segments of the nephron are not
responsible for which of the following functions?
a. secretion of more than 80% of the water
in the filtrate
b. secretion of all of the useful organic
substrates from the filtrate
c. secretion into the filtrate of waste
products that were missed by filtration
d. (a) and (b)
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$400 Answer
The distal segments of the nephron are not
responsible for which of the following functions?
a. secretion of more than 80% of the water
in the filtrate
b. secretion of all of the useful organic
substrates from the filtrate
c. secretion into the filtrate of waste
products that were missed by filtration
d. (a) and (b)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Question
Which of the following nephron
components lies almost directly opposite
the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle, at
its tubular pole?
a. papillary duct
b. proximal convoluted tubule
c. collecting duct
d. distal convoluted tubule
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 3:
$500 Answer
Which of the following nephron
components lies almost directly opposite
the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle, at
its tubular pole?
a. papillary duct
b. proximal convoluted tubule
c. collecting duct
d. distal convoluted tubule
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Question
The region surrounding the urethral
opening, known as the ____ of the urinary
bladder contains a muscular ____.
a. neck, internal urethral sphincter
b. trigone, internal urethral sphincter
c. neck, external urethral sphincter
d. trigone, external urethral sphincter
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$100 Answer
The region surrounding the urethral
opening, known as the ____ of the urinary
bladder contains a muscular ____.
a. neck, internal urethral sphincter
b. trigone, internal urethral sphincter
c. neck, external urethral sphincter
d. trigone, external urethral sphincter
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Question
Which of the following urethral portions
includes the short segment that penetrates
the urogenital diaphragm?
a. prostatic urethra
b. membranous urethra
c. internal urethra
d. spongy urethra
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$200 Answer
Which of the following urethral portions
includes the short segment that penetrates
the urogenital diaphragm?
a. prostatic urethra
b. membranous urethra
c. internal urethra
d. spongy urethra
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Question
Contraction of which muscle compresses
the urinary bladder and expels its contents
into the urethra?
a. external urethral sphincter
b. muscularis mucosae
c. internal urethral sphincter
d. detrusor
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$300 Answer
Contraction of which muscle compresses
the urinary bladder and expels its contents
into the urethra?
a. external urethral sphincter
b. muscularis mucosae
c. internal urethral sphincter
d. detrusor
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Question
Which of the following portions of the male
urethra extends from the distal border of
the urogenital diaphragm to the external
urethral orifice?
a. penile urethra
b. prostatic urethra
c. spongy urethra
d. membranous urethra
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$400 Answer
Which of the following portions of the male
urethra extends from the distal border of
the urogenital diaphragm to the external
urethral orifice?
a. penile urethra
b. prostatic urethra
c. spongy urethra
d. membranous urethra
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Question
Histologically, which of the following statements
concerning the urethra is/are true?
a. The lamina propria is thick and elastic.
b. The epithelium changes from stratified
squamous to pseudostratified columnar
as one passes from the bladder neck to
the external urethral orifice.
c. The mucous membrane is smooth and
without folds.
ANSWER
d. (a) and (b)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 4:
$500 Answer
Histologically, which of the following statements
concerning the urethra is/are true?
a. The lamina propria is thick and elastic.
b. The epithelium changes from stratified
squamous to pseudostratified columnar
as one passes from the bladder neck to
the external urethral orifice.
c. The mucous membrane is smooth and
without folds.
d. (a) and (b)
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Question
The urge to urinate first develops when the
urinary bladder contains approximately
how much urine?
a. 100 ml
b. 200 ml
c. 400 ml
d. 500 ml
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$100 Answer
The urge to urinate first develops when the
urinary bladder contains approximately
how much urine?
a. 100 ml
b. 200 ml
c. 400 ml
d. 500 ml
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Question
Which of the following is not an age-related
change, which occurs in the urinary system?
a. increased sensitivity to antidiuretic
hormone (ADH)
b. problems with the micturition reflex
c. decline in the number of functional
neurons
d. reduction in glomerular filtration
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$200 Answer
Which of the following is not an age-related
change, which occurs in the urinary system?
a. increased sensitivity to antidiuretic
hormone (ADH)
b. problems with the micturition reflex
c. decline in the number of functional
neurons
d. reduction in glomerular filtration
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Question
In the absence of ____ relaxation of the
____ urethral sphincter, reflexive
relaxation of both sphincters will eventually
occur as the bladder nears capacity.
a. voluntary, external
b. involuntary, internal
c. involuntary, external
d. voluntary, internal
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$300 Answer
In the absence of ____ relaxation of the
____ urethral sphincter, reflexive
relaxation of both sphincters will eventually
occur as the bladder nears capacity.
a. voluntary, external
b. involuntary, internal
c. involuntary, external
d. voluntary, internal
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Question
Reduction in renal blood flow results in
which of the following age-related changes
in the urinary system?
a. problems with the micturition reflex
b. reduction in glomerular filtration
c. a decline in the number of
functional nephrons
d. a reduced sensitivity to ADH
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$400 Answer
Reduction in renal blood flow results in
which of the following age-related changes
in the urinary system?
a. problems with the micturition reflex
b. reduction in glomerular filtration
c. a decline in the number of
functional nephrons
d. a reduced sensitivity to ADH
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Question
The ability to control micturition is often
lost after a stroke, Alzheimer’s disease or
other CNS problems affecting which
structures?
a. cortex or hippocampus
b. hippocampus or medulla
c. cortex or hypothalamus
d. pons or hypothalamus
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
Topic 5:
$500 Answer
The ability to control micturition is often
lost after a stroke, Alzheimer’s disease or
other CNS problems affecting which
structures?
a. cortex or hippocampus
b. hippocampus or medulla
c. cortex or hypothalamus
d. pons or hypothalamus
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Question
List the correct flow of renal circulation.
1 – Arcuate arteries
2 – Arcuate veins
3 – Interlobar veins
4 – Interlobar arteries
5 – Segmental arteries
6 – Glomerulus
a. 2-3-6-1-4-5
b. 5-1-4-6-2-3
c. 5-4-1-6-2-3
d. 5-4-1-6-3-2
ANSWER
BACK TO GAME
FINAL ROUND Answer
List the correct flow of renal circulation.
1 – Arcuate arteries
2 – Arcuate veins
3 – Interlobar veins
4 – Interlobar arteries
5 – Segmental arteries
6 – Glomerulus
a. 2-3-6-1-4-5
b. 5-1-4-6-2-3
c. 5-4-1-6-2-3
d. 5-4-1-6-3-2
BACK TO GAME