Treat pulp and periapical diseases
Endo treatment (root canal) should be performed in case of:
- Pulp necrosis or irreversible pulpitis
- Vital pulp
(but poor prognosis of pulp vitality, high risk of pulp exposure during the coronal restoration, root amputation or hemisection)
Contra-indications:
• Patient with high risk of infective endocarditis
• Tooth with no functional future (wisdom teeth)
• Tooth with inadequate periodontal support

Manual technique
+: Tactile sense
+: less risk of perforation (NiTi)
-: Numerous files are needed
-: Time consuming
-: Access difficulties (posterior areas)
Rotating technique
+: Fast canal preparation
+: Auto-reverse
- : Fatigue of the files
Reciprocity technique
+: Few files needed (1hand file + 1 mechanical file)
+: Same movement as manual (F+R)
+: Secure (less breakage, less apical pressure, etc)

Canal morphology varies
Curved / straight
Large / Small
Long / short
The canals’ common feature is their taper
Prepared canals: Taper 10 % in coronal area, 2 to 4% in the apical zone
To fit all canals, files present different shapes:
Different length
Most popular length:
21mm, 25mm, 29mm
Other: 15mm, 19mm, 23mm
Ø15
Different diameters (ISO)
Ø20 Ø25 Ø30 Ø35 Ø40
Different tapers
4%, 6%, 8%, 12%
Different files shape
+ Clockwise and counterclockwise cutting edges
Other shapes
Radial-landed (Smooth)  ex.
ProFile (Dentsply), HERO
(Micro-Méga)
Straight edges (Cut)  Ex.
ProTaper (Dentsply),
RaCe (FKG), Sequence
(Brasseler)
Ex. EndoEZE AET (Ultradent)
Bibliography:
A la recherche des limes endodontiques idéales, Dr. Mc Spadden, Dental Tribune, 2009

Sensitivity tests, palpation (etc)
+ pre-operative
X-rays
SOPIX²
XMind
PSP !X
Anesthesia
(if necessary)
+
Tooth/access preparation
(removal of caries, bone ...)
+
Rubber dam
Pierre Rolland
Primacaine TM
Preparation of the access cavity
(pulp chamber roof removal, access to the root canal orifices, ...)
+
Determination of the working length
Intra-operative X-rays
(beware of deformations)
Apex locators, ...

Removal of all pulp tissues and bacteria, toxins
(etc)
=
Prior Irrigation
(Sodium Hypochlorite 2,5%)
+
Initial manual exploration
+
Mechanical shaping
(rotating/reciprocating) with irrigation
(after each instrument uses)
- Crown Down principle with decreasing taper files
(from the crown to the apex)
- Step-Back (from the apex to the crown)
+
Final irrigation: EDTA + Hypochlorite + drying irri safe
Pierre Rolland
EDETAT
Salvizol EDTA
Adjust the sterile master cone to the working length
(X-Ray + drying)
Place the biocompatible cement
Gutta-percha compaction + X-ray
Coronal obturation
Coronal restoration
ASAP
SO4
Lateral Guttapercha condensation
Pierre Rolland
Sealite - Cortisomol

1 2
3 4
5 6 7
Obturation -
Performed on dry canal.
Lateral condensation (use of spreaders)
Lateral warm condensation (SO4 ultrasonic tip with no irrigation)
Vertical warm compaction (manually or mechanically), etc.
Coronal obturation + Prosthetics
9
8

Any failure of canal treatment will lead to a root canal retreatment

- Excellent reputation in endodontics
- The convergence of years of technical endo experience
- Wide range of specialized tips

irri safe

Endodontic motor with rotating and reciprocating motions.
Replacing the actual I-ENDO DUAL

- Encoder technology included
- E-type (ISO 3964) connection micromotor
- 6 contra-angle ratios pre-set:
(1:1 ; 6:1 ; 8:1 ; 16:1 ; 20:1 ; 32:1)
- Speed without contra-angle: 1,000 to 10,000Rpm
Speed with a 16:1  100 to 600Rpm
- Torque with a 16:1  0.5 to 7.5Ncm + MAX (10Ncm)
- Many new Rpm settings to respond to all file systems

The ENDODUAL is the first unit having an encoder coupled with an accurate micromotor.
This patented encoder calculates an algorithm ensuring:
- In rotating mode  high speed accuracy.
- In reciprocating (F+R) mode  an exact angle measurement for:
- Evaluating the angular position,
- Getting the best performances for each file system.

Encoder
256 positions analyzed
Signal
Analysis of:
128 positions (forward)
128 positions (reverse)

Versatile, complete, light and compact, the ENDO micromotor offers a new vision of endodontics.
Encoder
The encoder calculates an algorithm for greater precision,
Integrated calibration system
The integrated calibration system checks the contra-angle’s mechanical inertia for a perfect micro-motor/contra-angle adjustment.
Microprocessor
Advanced microprocessor for an extremely short response time.

RPM
1:1
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
Reduction rate
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
8:1
125
150
200
250
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1250
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
6:1
150
200
250
300
16:1
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
20:1
100
120
150
200
250
280
300
350
400
450
500
32:1
100
150
175
180
200
250
280
300
Ncm with a 16:1
0.5
1 1.5
2 2.5
3 3.5
4 4.5
5 5.5
6 6.5
7 7.5
MAX
Torque is not needed in
Reciprocating mode (Max)

TAKE CONTROL OF THE WAY YOU PRACTICE
An open system compatible with all rotating and reciprocating files providing access to future endodontic instrument innovations via its:
- 2 modes available (Rotating and Reciprocating),
- Wide choice of contra-angle ratios ISO 3964 connections,
- Independent torque, speed and angle settings.

• ISO contra-angle chuck
• Rotating files:
– All rotating files are compatible with the ENDODUAL
– Follow the manufacturer settings
• Reciprocating files:
– Wave one/Reciproc (30°FWD – 150°REV)
Grip sensation and cutting differences
Wave One Ø25 Taper 8%, Ø21 Taper 6%, Ø40 Taper 8% - Reciproc Ø25 Taper 8%, Ø40 Taper 6%, Ø50 Taper 5%,
– In the near future, other file manufacturers will most probably launch their own reciprocating files
• Rotating files tested in reciprocating motion:
– S2 and F2 from Denstply Maillefer (150° FWD – 30° REV)
Reciproc ® file
WaveOne ® file
Protaper ® file

Color-coded buttons:
• GREEN:
ROTATING FUNCTIONS
• GREY:
RECIPROCATING FUNCTIONS
• WHITE:
COMMON FUNCTIONS

Rotating

Repetitive sterilizations and contra-angle wear can lead to a lack of precision.
This function accurately measures the properties of the micromotor and contraangle handpiece prior to use for exact values.

Switching from Rotating to reciprocating
For micromotor/ contraangle match
Select the contra-angle ratio (1:1 ; 6:1 ; 8:1 ;
16:1 ; 20:1 ; 32:1)
Select the speed rotation
 100 to 600Rpm (16:1)
Select the torque  0.5 to
7.5Ncm + MAX
(10Ncm)
(16:1)
Clockwise/counterclockwise rotation
Select the Autoreverse
STOP, AR, SAR
Parameters selection
10 customizable automatically saved programs available in each mode.

Beeping sound notifies user when 75% of the preset torque has been reached and when preset torque limit has been exceeded.
STP - “STOP” Autoreverse
Stops without reverse rotation.
AR – “Standard” Autoreverse
When file reaches the set torque value, the motor runs reverse until the motor has been stopped. Next start will be in Forward.
SAR – “Special” Autoreverse
When file reaches the set torque value, the motor runs reverse until the file is freed and
Automatically returns to Forward.

Between X and Y, the torque is increasing progressively until
MAX value
Microprocessor analysis
The time from « x » to « y » must be as short as possible
(less than 1/1000 sec. )

Manufacturer Files
Dentsply
VDW
ProTaper ®
Mtwo
Protocol
Click to enlarge
Ncm
3 - 4
1 - 1.5
1.5 - 2
2- 3
3 - 4
2 - 3
1.5 - 2
Speed Rpm
250

Manufacturer Files
Dentsply
VDW
ProTaper ®
Mtwo
Protocol
Click to enlarge
FKG Pre-RaCe ®
RaCe ®
Click to enlarge
Ncm
3 - 4
1 - 1.5
1.5 - 2
2- 3
3 - 4
2 - 3
1.5 - 2
0.5 - 1.5
Speed Rpm
250
500-600

Manufacturer Files
Dentsply
VDW
ProTaper ®
Mtwo
Protocol
Click to enlarge
FKG
Micro-Mega
Pre-RaCe ®
RaCe ®
Endoflare ®
Hero ®
Hero Shaper ®
HeroApical ®
R-Endo ®
Revo-S ®
Click to enlarge
Click to enlarge
Ncm
3 - 4
1 - 1.5
1.5 - 2
2- 3
3 - 4
2 - 3
1.5 - 2
0.5 - 1.5
Speed Rpm
250
500-600
0.6 - 3 400

Manufacturer Files
Dentsply
VDW
ProTaper ®
Mtwo
Protocol
Click to enlarge
FKG
Micro-Mega
Sybron endo
VDW
Mani
Komet
Pre-RaCe ®
RaCe ®
Endoflare ®
Hero ®
Hero Shaper ®
HeroApical ®
R-Endo ®
Revo-S ®
Twisted file™ TF
Mtwo®
NRT™
AlphaKite™ e-Kite™
Click to enlarge
Click to enlarge
Ncm
3 - 4
1 - 1.5
1.5 - 2
2- 3
3 - 4
2 - 3
1.5 - 2
0.5 - 1.5
Speed Rpm
250
500-600
0.6 - 3 400
4-5
1.77
1.47-1,77
2.45-2.94
3
500-600
250-350
300
250-500

Reciprocating

Switching from Rotating to reciprocating
For micromotor/ contraangle match
Select the contra-angle ratio (1:1 ; 6:1 ; 8:1 ;
16:1 ; 20:1 ; 32:1)
Select the speed rotation
 100 to 600Rpm (16:1)
Dedicated to reciprocating (F+R) mode. Adjustment from
10° to 360° in forward and in reverse motion by step of 5°
10 customizable automatically saved programs available in each mode.
Parameters selection

Whatever the file used, the angle should be higher in cutting direction than in non cutting edges direction.
Ex : Wave One (150° REV – 30° FWD), Protaper (150°FWD – 30° REV)
Major Advantages

 File is deformed due to tension and compression motion performed in curved canals
 Can be reduced:
- Following the file manufacturer settings (speed)
 File’s tip is blocked in the canal but the contra-angle continues its rotation.
 Can be reduced:
- Using system for limiting the torque
- Following the suggested settings of the manufacturer

Whatever the file used, the angle should be higher in cutting direction than in non cutting edges direction.
Ex : Wave One (150° REV – 30° FWD), Protaper (150°FWD – 30° REV)
Major Advantages

2 files brands dedicated to reciprocating motions are today existing:
- Wave one ® from Dentsply Maillefer
- Reciproc ® from VDW: more aggressive but also more fragile
Wave one /Reciproc ® :
 Reverse helix
 Fixed angulations:
150° REV - 30° FWD
Single use

Maillefer
Standard protocol:
1.
K10 file: Canal exploration
2.
WaveOne until penetration length of the manual file
(back-and-forth motion, debris removal on the file, irrigation)
1.
Manual file to pre-enlarge until the apical third
2.
WaveOne until the working length + irrigation
Extract from the article: Mise en forme canalaire mino-instrumentale en mouvement réciproque WaveOne® et reciproc®, W Pertot, J. Webber, P. Machtou, S. Kuttler
VDW

Canal preparation using only one Ni-Ti rotary instrument: preliminary observations. G. YARED, International Endodontic journal, 2007.

• Rotating files:
– Hero Shaper Micro-Mega  26,42€ without tax for 3 files (8,80€/file)
– ProTaper  39€ without tax for 6 files  6,5€/file
According to studies, a file life cycle in continuous rotating motion varies between 4 to 10 uses (depending on the shape of the canal treated).
• Reciprocating files:
– WaveOne  38,98€ without tax for 3 single use files
 WaveOne
(Small, primary, large)
Reciproc
R25, 40, 50 (length 21, 25, 31)
 Files dedicated to the reciprocating motion (reverse helix)
 Fixed angulations: 150° - 30°
Price analysis:
Max 10€ without tax/file – Uses: max x10 - min x4 = [1€-2,5€]
WaveOne 13€ without tax/file
WaveOne/Reciproc files are 5 to 13 times more expensive than traditional rotating files

• New design,
• Larger display,
• New PCB,
• 6 ratios available (8:1 added),
• New Ncm and Rpm settings added,
• Simplified interface,
• Improvements in micromotor manufacturing process and cord resistance,
– Metallic micromotor connector
– New micromotor assembling
• Controlling equipment:
– Special investment in an angle and torque controlling machine.
– Soft changes in reciprocating mode : 1 st focusing on the angles then on the speed. Giving the priority to the angle will enable to have a better angular accuracy with and without load.

F28770
(mains cord equipped with 4 international plugs)
Equipped with:
Endo motor and cord
Single footswitch
1 micromotor adhesive support