The lymphatic system
The lymphatic system is part of the circulatory
system, comprising a network of conduits called
lymphatic vessels.
This system includes all structures dedicated to
the production and circulation of lymphocytes,
which are the main players in our immune system.
The most important lymphocytes are the B-Cells
(antibody production) and T-Cells (allocative
functions, and destruction of damaged tissue).
These grow in the bone marrow and the thymus.
They are very prevalent in the lymph nodes,
spleen, tonsils, mucous membranes and the
digestive system as well as in the lungs.
http://thoracicduct.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Lymphatic-System.gif
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The lymphatic system
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Capillaries
Lymphoid follicles
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic vessels and ducts
Cisterna Chyli
Left and right subclavian vein
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The Lymphatic system
Function:
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Removal of interstitial fluid
Absorbs and transports fatty acids and
fats as chyle from the digestive system
Transports white blood cells to and
from the lymph nodes to the bones
Transports antigen-presenting cells to
the nodes where an immune response
is stimulated
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Layout: Lymphatic vessels
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Impurities
Metabolic
products
Interstitial
Fluid
Lymph capillaries
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The Lymph
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The name derives from the Roman deity of fresh water, Lympha
It is the link between the interstitial fluid and the blood plasma
It has a pH of 7,41 and density of 1,14gr/cm3
Approx. 2,4 litres a day are reabsorbed into the venous system
Contents: white blood cells, protein, fibrinogen, enzymes,
lymphocytes
• Fats (triglycerdes) from the digestive system called chyle are also
released into the lymph
• Pathogens can be absorbed into the lymph however these are
normally dealt with by the lymphocytes in the lymph nodes
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Lymph node –
filter and
protector
Through the Lymph nodes
into the Lymphatic trunks,
through the venous angles
into the blood system
Precollectors
Collectors
Bundle of collectors
Capillaries
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Lymph nodes and lymphatic watersheds
Lymph nodes
Watersheds
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Driving forces of the lymphatic system
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Lymphatic Applications
Interrupted lymphatic
system
Intact lymphatic system
Post OP
Post traumata
Haematoma
Lymphoma
Insufficiencies
Pregnancy
Grazes
Scars and
fibrosis
Oncology
(removal of
lymph nodes)
Amputation
Post OP
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Categorisation of oedema
treatments
Category 1
Category 2
 Lymphedema
 Venous oedema
 Lipoedema
 Orthostatic oedema
Physikalische
 Idiopathic
oedema
 Oedemas
induced byist
Ödemtherapie
diuretics
die einzige oder
 Oedemas post trauma
eine wesentliche
 Vaso-vegetative
Therapie.
Oedema
 Oedema through inactivity
 ischaemic induced oedema
 Chronic inflammatory
oedema
Physikalische
Ödemtherapie
kommt nur dann
zum
Pathological
pregnancy
Einsatz,
wenn
induced oedema
Basistherapie,
eine
Oedemas
caused by
meist
protein deficiencies
medikamentöser
Art, nicht
ausreichend wirkt.
Category 3
 Oedema through kidney
failure
 Cardiac induced oedema
Physikalische
 Acute
allergic oedema
 Toxic
oedema
Ödemtherapie
ist
 Endocrine oedema
grundsätzlich nicht
 Medication induced
oedema indiziert.
 Diet induced oedema
 Angioedema
Altitude oedema
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Categorisations of
Oedemas
rich in protein
 Reduced
indentation
low in protein
 Increased
indentation
generalised
 Allways
symmetrical
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localised
 Can be one-sided
only
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Contraindications

Open wounds

Erysipelas

Unclear status of tumours

Cardiac insufficiency

Thrombosis
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Goals and effect of the lymphatic taping
Goals:
 Production of lymph
 Increase lymph volume
 Increase speed of lymphatic flow
 Crossing over the watersheds
 Support over and around scars
Effect:
 Increased removal of interstitial fluid, substances and structural
remains
 Change pH-Levels
 Reduction of swelling and tension within peripheral structures
 Reduce activity of receptors
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Application principles
Prior to applying:
 Skin must be dry and free of oils
 Measure the tape in a stretched position
 Rule out contraindications
Whilst applying:
 Ensure patient is well supported
 Area to be treated should be stretched
 Apply tape with 0-10% stretch
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Application principles when lymphatic
system is intact
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Base applied with direction of flow
Tape applied with 0-10% stretch
Stretch the skin and surrounding
structures
Application principles when lymphatic
system is not intact




Base applied with direction of flow
Cross over the watersheds with the drainage
effect towards the healthy area
Most of the time applied in combination with
taping extremities
Tape applied with 0-10% stretch
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Lymph nodes of the neck
Indication application neck
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Indication application: Post-Op Knee
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Indication application: Sprained ankle
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Indication application: Haematoma
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Indication application: Swelling and scars
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Lymphatic swelling
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Indication application: Leg
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Problems arising due to scars
There is NOT SUFFICIENT
Myofascial extension thus distortions
can occur. Problems can then arise in
the hip, in the shoulder
or anywhere in between
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Scar testing - a variation
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Indication application: Scar taping
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Range of motion without and with the tape
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Indication application: Breast augmentation
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Indication application for breast cancer: Scar taping
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Breast cancer: Lymphatic fans for crossing watersheds
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Breast cancer: Lymphatic fans for crossing watersheds
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Breast cancer: Lymphatic fans for crossing watersheds
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Breast cancer: Lymphatic taping for the extremities
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Fibrosis
Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in a
reparative or reactive process. This is opposed to formation of
fibrous tissue as a normal constituent of an organ of tissue.
Scarring is confluent fibrosis that obliterates the architecture of the
underlying organ or tissue.
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Indication application: Fibrosis
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Indication application: Fibrosis
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Special variety: crossed fans
Stability and increased lymphatic flow
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Special variety: crossed fans
Stability and increased lymphatic flow
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