Houby
Rybářská mykologie II
Část přednášky převzata od:
Mgr. Karel Prášil, CSc. a RNDr. Jiří Neustupa, Ph.D,
PřF UK Praha
Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy
Microsporidia
Houby
Oomycota
Labyrinthulomycota
Hyphochytridiomycota
Chromista
Dyctiostelidy
hlenky
nádorovky
Prvoci
Eukarya
Monera
Archea
Mykologie – houby a houbové organismy
Chytridiomycota
Microsporidiomycota
Zygomycota
Houby
Glomeromycota
Ascomycota
Basidiomycota
Eukarya
Monera
Archea
Fungi imperfecti
Chytridiomycota
Vodní a půdní saprofyté,
vzácně parazité
Chytridiomycota
Blastocladiales - zoospore of
Allomyces
Chytridiales - eucarpic thallus of
Rhizophydium in culture
Chytridiomycota
Chytridiales - Chytridium lagenaria:
sporangium developing on a pollen grain of
Pinus
Chytridium releasing
zoospores.
Chytridium releasing
uniflagellate zoospores
empty sporangium on pine
pollen grain.
Chytridiales - wart of potato caused
by Synchytrium endobioticum
Chytridiomycota
Chytridiales - sporangia of a eucarpic
chytrid on the green alga, Spirogyra
Chytridiales - sporangia of a
chytrid on Ceratium, a
planktonic dinoflagellate
Microsporidiomycota
Zygomycota
Třída Zygomycetes
Řády: Mucorales
Entomophtorales
Zoopagales
Kicxellales
Trichomycetes
Třída Zygomycetes
Zygomycetes.
6 orders,
29 families,
120 genera,
almost 800 species
Zygomycota
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Zygomycota
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
•Mucor sp. A somewhat rare and
opportunistic pathogen which can infect the
lungs and other locations. Can be fatal to
those with immunodeficiency. Spores will
germinate and produce mycelial growth.
Zygomycota
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
•
Rhizopus sp. An opportunistic
pathogen which can infect the lungs
and other locations. Spores will
germinate and produce mycelial
growth. Can be fatal to those with
immunodeficiency.
Absidia sp. Can invade upper
respiratory tract, produce spores and
mycelia growth. Possibly fatal to those
with immunodeficiency.
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Třída Zygomycetes
Mucorales
Pilobolus crystallinus (Pilobolaceae) is an atypical but fascinating
coprophilous (dung-inhabiting) member of the order Mucorales. It
grows very rapidly, and is one of the first fungi to fruit in the
extended succession that occurs on dung. Its unbranched
sporangiophores are 2-4 cm tall, and have a unique explosive
dispersal mechanism.
Třída Zygomycetes
Entomophtorales
The right-hand picture
shows what these
developing
zygosporangia look like
under the dissecting
microscope.
Entomophthora muscae
Třída Zygomycetes
Zoopagales
• parasites of fungi, nematodes, amoebae, etc.
Piptocephalis is a parasite of Mucorales,
and occurs commonly on dung.
Syncephalis is another parasite of Mucorales
Třída Zygomycetes
Kickxellales
Coemansia on bat dung from a cave
Spirodactylon
Třída Trichomycetes
• 4 orders, 7 families, 52
genera, about 210 species.
Vázány na členovce
-komensálové (trávicí soustava)
-Parazité (chitin)
Třída Glomeromycetes
•
fewer than 200 species have been
described) but it is of enormous
importance in the biosphere -VAM
Ascus = vřecko
Ascomycota