Solid, Toxic, and Hazardous
Waste
By
Pongthep Suwanwaree, Ph.D.
Solid Waste
• The Waste Stream
Waste Disposal Methods
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Open Dumps
Ocean Dumping
Landfills
Exporting Waste
Incineration & Resource Recovery
– Refuse-derived fuel
– Mass Burn
Shrinking the Waste Stream
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Recycling
Composting
Energy from Waste
Reuse
Producing Less Waste
How plastics are made
Hazardous & Toxic Waste
• Any discarded material, liquid or solid, that
contains substances known to be
– 1) Fatal to human or laboratory animals in low
dose
– 2) Toxic, carcinogenic, or mutagenic to
humans or other life-forms
– 3) Ignitable with flash point less than 60oC
– 4) Corrosive
– 5) Explosive or highly reactive
Hazardus Waste Disposal
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Federal Legislation
Superfund Sites
Hazardus Landfills & Dumps
Waste Lagoons & Injection Wells
Warehousing & Illegal Dumping
Options for Hazardous Waste Management
• Produce Less Waste
• Convert to Less Hazardous Waste
– Physical Treatments
– Incineration
– Chemical Processing
– Biological Waste Treatment
• Store Permanently
– Retrievable Storage
– Secure Landfills
Lois Marie Gibbs
3 Rs
• Reduce
• Reuse
• Recycling