Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
Survey Design Workshop
Questionnaire for Children Under Five:
Early Childhood Development
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop
Measuring Early Childhood Development:
The Global Challenge
• Nearly 9 million under-five children died in the past year
• Over 220 million under-five children are not developing to
their full potential
• An estimated 20% loss in adult productivity
• The issue of poor child development will remain as
challenge unless substantial efforts are made to put the
child development high on agenda
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I have the rights!
• The right to a name and nationality
• To be properly fed
• To drink safe water
• To learn
• To be vaccinated
• To play
• To be protected
from illnesses
Thank you for giving me a good start in life!
Cameroun
STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK
• CRC: Right to survival and development
• WFFC Declaration: Children protection, growth
and development, good health and proper nutrition
essential foundation for human development
• MTSP: Young child survival and development
• Poverty alleviation & reduction of disparities
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Why Measure Early Childhood
Development?
Indicators
Birth
Schooling
We have:
• Reliable info on child health/nutrition/mortality
• A lot of data related to education
and…
• Huge data gap on ECD
Death -–
to late?
Improved Early Childhood
Development Module
• Children 0-4 years old
• Additional focus on 3 and 4 year-olds
Questions to assess:
•
•
•
•
•
Supportive learning environment
(Inadequate) Care
Caregiver’s support for early learning
Access to early education
Early childhood development
Supportive Learning Environment:
Questions
EC1.
EC2.
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Supportive Learning Environment:
Indicators
• # 6.3 Learning materials: children’s books
Numerator: Number of children under age 5 who have
three or more children’s books
Denominator: Total number of children under age 5
• # 6.4 Learning materials: playthings
Numerator: Number of children under age 5 with two or
more playthings
Denominator: Total number of children under age 5
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(Inadequate) care: questions
EC3.
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(Inadequate) care: Indicator
• # 6.5 Inadequate care
Numerator: Number of children under age 5 left alone or in
the care of another child younger than 10 years of age
for more than one hour at least once in the past week
Denominator: Total number of children under age 5
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Attendance to early childhood
education: questions
EC5.
EC6.
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Attendance to early childhood
education: Indicators
• # 6.7 Attendance to early childhood education
Numerator: Number of children age 36-59 months who are
attending an early childhood education programme
Denominator: Total number of children age 36-59 months
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Support for early learning:
questions
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Support for early learning:
Indicators
• # 6.1 Support for learning
Numerator: Number of children age 36-59 months with whom an adult
has engaged in four or more activities to promote learning and
school readiness in the past 3 days
Denominator: Total number of children under age 36-59 months
• # 6.2 Father’s support for learning
Numerator: Number of children age 36-59 months whose father has
engaged in one or more activities to promote learning and school
readiness in the past 3 days
Denominator: Total number of children age 36-59 months
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The Early Child Development Index
• Preparatory work – compilation of relevant items
• Validity testing in Philippines and Jordan
• Part of MICS4 Pilot in Mombasa, Kenya
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A tool to assess:
Literacy & Numeracy
Domain
• Recognising letters
• Recognising numbers from 1 to 10
• Reading simple, popular words
ECDI Questions EC8-10
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Physical Domain
• Motor skills; being able to
manipulate objects
•Freedom of frequent illness
ECDI Questions EC11-12
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Learning
Domain
•Ability to follow simple
directions
•Being able to occupy
himself/herself
independently
ECDI Questions EC13-14
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Social & Emotional
Domain
2-3) Maturity
• Ability to get along with other
children
• Not being physically
aggressive with other children
• Ability to focus and
concentrate without getting
easily distracted
ECDI Questions EC15-17
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ECDI Indicator
• # 6.6 Early Childhood Development Index
Numerator: Number of children age 36-59 months who are
developmentally on track in literacy-numeracy, physical,
socio-emotional, and learning domains
Denominator: Total number of children age 36-59 months
ECDI = percentage of children who are developmentally on
track in at least three of the four component domains
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Methodological issues
• All questions contributing to the
indicator need to stay
• Careful translation needed
• Details in the Manual
• Technical assistance available (free of
charge)
Programmatic & Policy Implications
• Understanding of child development
• Put the child development high on political agenda
• Indicators will improve countries abilities to (1) set
the targets; (2) allocate resources; (3) monitor
progress and ensure accountability
• Investment with long lasting effects: improved family
care practices, stimulating environment, improved
child wellbeing
Vision of ECD
All children should be physically healthy, mentally alert,
socially competent, emotionally sound and ready to
learn (World Fit For Children)
Now we can measure it!
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Prepared by:
Magdalena Janus
Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University,
Hamilton, Canada
janusm@mcmaster.ca
Oliver Petrovic
Early Childhood Development Unit, PDO
UNICEF New York
opetrovic@unicef.org
MICS4 Survey Design Workshop