Promotion Board Study Guide
Leadership
• The Ability to influence, lead, or guide others so
as to accomplish a mission in a manner desired
Factors of Leadership
• The leader, the led, the communication, and
the situation
Leadership Traits
(14)
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Bearing
Courage
Dependability
Decisiveness
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Endurance
Enthusiasm
Integrity
Initiative
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Judgment
Justice
Knowledge
Loyalty
• Selflessness
• Tact
Principles of Leadership
(11)
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Be Technically and tactfully proficient
Build the team
Develop a sense of responsibility in your subordinates
Ensure the task is understood, supervised, and accomplished
Employ your cadet in accordance to their capabilities
Keep your subordinates informed
Know yourself and seek self-improvement
Make sound and timely decisions
Possess professional characteristic traits
Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your actions
Set the example
Three Styles of Leadership
• Directing
• Delegating
• Participating
Professional Characteristic Traits
 Candor
 Competence
 Commitment
 Courage
 Integrity
The 14 Principles of Motivation
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Make the need of subordinates coincide with the unit task and missions
Reward individual and team behavior that supports unit task and mission
Council subordinates who behave in a way that is counter to unit task,
mission, and standards
Set the example in all things
Develop morale and esprit within the unit
Give subordinates tough problems, and challenge them to wrestle with them
Have subordinate participate in planning of upcoming events
Alleviate causes of the personal concerns of subordinates so they can
concentrate on their jobs
Ensure that subordinates are properly cared for and have the tools they need to
succeed
Keep subordinates informed about missions and standards
Use positive peer pressure to work for you, the leader, and the unit
Avoid using statistics as a major method of evaluating and motivating
subordinates.
Make the jobs of subordinates as challenging, exciting, and meaningful as
possible
Do not tolerate any form of prejudicial talk or behavior
• The 4 Influence Approaches
– Controlling- Exerting pressure to persuade someone to your view
– Relinquishing- giving up influence and reducing ones contribution
to the situation
– Developmental- sharing opinions or facts, used for a consensus
– Defensive- withdrawing from the situation and allowing the team
to figure it out
• The 5 Sources of Power
– Reward Power- Complying with wishes to get something of value
in return
– Coercive Power- fear that negative results will occur if one does not
apply
– Legitimate Power- authority given to the person in the position
with the hierarchy
– Referent Power- power based on admiration
– Expert Power- Power resulting from specific expertise, knowledge,
or special skill
• Command Philosophy (8)
•Teamwork
•Leadership
•Training
•Caring
•Professionalism
•Appearance
•Safety
•Be a good student, and do it well
• Army Values (7)
– Loyalty• bear truth faith and allegiance to the US constitution, the Army, your unit, and other soldiers
– Duty• fulfill your obligations
– Respect• treat people as they should be treated
– Selfless Service• put the welfare of the nation, the Army and your subordinates before your own
– Honor•
live up to all the Army values
– Integrity•
do what is right; legally and morally
– Personal Courage• face danger, fear, or adversity (physical or moral)
• The Three A’s
– Attitude: Be positive
– Actions: Be responsible for them
– Achievements: Enjoy your successes, as well as those of your fellow students
• The Three S’s
– Safety: It’s an attitude
– Standards: Set high and enforce
– Success: Train to it
Duties
• First Sergeant
– Responsible to the company commander for the accuracy of the company muster
– Assist the company commander in conducting inspections, supervising training, and
company administration
– Performs other duties as required
• Platoon Leader
– Responsible to the company commander for the conduct, appearance, and state of
training within their platoon
– Exercises authority by personal example, instruction, and close supervision
– Performs other duties as required
• Platoon Sergeant
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Assist the platoon leader in the execution of their duties
Ensures the accuracy of the squad leaders report
Exercises authority by personal example, instruction, and close supervision
Performs other duties as required
• NCOs
– Responsible for the training, discipline, and welfare of their subordinates
• Cadet Officers and NCOs
– Are responsible to the SAI for the appearance discipline, and efficiency of their unit
Drill
• What is meant by the term drill
– Movement by which a unit of individuals are moved in a
orderly manner from one formation to another and one place
to another
• Purpose of Drill
– Enable a commander to move his units from one place to
another in a orderly manner
– Aids in the disciplinary training by installing habits of
precision and response to leaders orders
– Provides means, through ceremony, of enhancing morale of
troops, develop a sprit of cohesion, and presenting traditional,
interesting, and well executed military parades
– Provide for the development of all soldiers in the practice of
commanding troops
• Drill and Ceremonies
– FM 3-21.5 or FM22-5
• The text that covers army regulations for JROTC program organization
administration, operation, training, and support is AR 145-2 (known as
Cadet Command Regulation 145-2)
Drill Commands
• Two-part commands-preparatory and command of
execution ( can have two preparatory commands )
– Preparatory Command- states movement to be carried
out and prepares the cadet to take action
– Command of Execution- tells when the command is to be
carried out
• Combined Command- has no inflection or break in the voice
(Fall In, At Ease, Rest)
• Supplementary Commands- commands that add to the
command. Usually given by a subordinate leader that reinforce
and compliment a commanders preparatory command to insure
proper understanding and execution of movement (File from the
right, column____)
• Directive Command- commands that usually hand over
command to the individual units ( take control of your platoons
and march them to the)
• Drill command
– Is an oral order of the commander or leader
Company Formations
• When the first sergeant is up front, the platoon
sergeants are in front of the platoons, and the
platoon sergeants should be six steps from the first
sergeant and two and a half steps, plus the number
that is equal to half the number of cadets in first
squad (which should be the largest) that way the
company is centered on the first sergeant. At this
time the platoon leaders are one step behind the
platoon and centered. The company commander is
three steps behind the platoons. The squad leaders
should be three steps away from the platoon
sergeant , and the number of steps equal to half the
number of cadets in the largest squad out. This
would make them nine steps from the first sergeant
Company Formations
• When the company commander comes foreword, he
goes three steps past the first sergeant. When he
calls post, the platoon sergeants march to their right
and go around the platoon while the platoon leaders
march to their right past the platoon, three steps
past the platoon sergeants last position, making him
sic steps from the platoon and six steps from the
company commander, thus making the company
commander twelve steps from the company. The
platoon sergeants are one step behind the company.
The first sergeant is three steps behind the platoons
when the company commander is commanding the
company
Formation Questions
• Platoon
– Two formations• line and column
– Line• also called rank or element (essentially squads), is a single line of
cadets side by side
– Column• Also called file, is a single line of cadets one behind the other
• Platoon leader
– A platoon leader is always either six steps from the front center
of the platoon, six steps from the left side of a flank (centered),
or one step, centered, in front of the platoon in column
formation. A platoon leader is three steps from the first
sergeant and six steps from the company commander. The
formation is always 2 steps from the last person in first squad to
the company commander/ first sergeant and twelve steps from
the company commander or nine steps from the first sergeant.
• If you have a platoon in formation, and are at ease
when an officer approaches, you should
– Call the platoon to attention and salute the officer
• What is accomplished by practicing dismounted
• Attention to detail
drill?
•Teamwork
•Confidence
•Pride
alertness
• Esprit de corps
• Discipline
Rates of march for Quick Time
120 steps per minute
Rates of march for Double Time
180 steps per minute
Muster formation
A ceremonial company formation to call role or determine
accountability of Personnel
The only person in a formation that is never out of step is the
• Platoon guide
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Cadence
•A uniform step and rhythm in marching
Rank
•A single line of men side by side (squad)
File
•A single line of men on behind the other
Interval
•Lateral space between elements
Distance
•Space between elements in a column or
file length of a marching step is
The
– 30 inches
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The length of half step or right or left step
is
– 15 inches
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The length of an arm swing
– nine to the front and six to the rear (inches)
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A marching step is measured
– Heel to heel
Commands
• To change direction while marching, the preparatory commands are
given
– On the same foot as the direction desired
• The only stationary command that will allow a cadet to talk while in
formation is
– Rest
• The command given while marching that will allow a cadet to talk
while in formation is
– Route Step March
• When the command eyes right is given
– The head is turned forty-five degrees except for the right file, which looks
forward and renders a salute
• To avoid an obstacle while marching, the proper command is
– Incline around ____
• When the command cover is given
– All the elements should dress directly behind each other
• The two commands that can be given to bring a unit or other
individuals to attention are
– Fall in, and Attention
Commands
• The command given to revoke an improperly given command is
– As you were
• Two rest movements given during a march
– At Ease March and Route Step March
• Five rests executed from halt
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At Ease
Stand At Ease
Rest
Parade Rest
Halt
• At route step march, the command that brings the unit back to attention is
– Quick Time March
• From halt the only movement that starts with the right foot is
– Right Step March
• During Route Step, a cadet may
– Talk to the person near them
– Fall out of step
• During At Ease March the cadet may
– Only fall out of step, no talking or other movement is allowed
Knowledge
AFI
• pts for each AFI inspection
– Cadet Staff Briefing
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100
– Curriculum Knowledge
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100
– In-Rank Inspection
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65
– Cadet
Attendance/Participation
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50
– Cadet Supply Room
Inspection
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50
– Records and Administration
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50
– Training and Management
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50
– Public Affairs
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50
– Drill and Ceremony
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50
– Color Guard
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35
– Total
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600
The name of the Army song is
The Army goes rolling along
Boron Von Stuben
Was a Prussian officer who fought with the
colonies and initiated the blue book which later
became the FM 22-5 for Drill and Ceremony
Official date when the US Army was founded
June 1775
When to salute
When you hear the National Anthem or Hail
to the Chief while outdoors in uniform
When passing by the National Colors
When reporting
When the command present arms is given
When casing and uncasing the colors
When not to salute
When in public areas or on public
transportation
When indoors (except when reporting)
When inappropriate or physically impractical
When one or both of the parties are in civilian
attire
Knowledge
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Battalion Staff
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S1- Administration/Personnel Officer
S2/S3- Intelligence/ Operations and Training Officer
S4- Logistics Officer
S5- Public Affairs Officer
S6- Information Systems Officer
Condition for enrollment is in accordance with
– AR 145-2
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Retention is now according to
– Circle of Standards
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Circle of Standards
•Inspection
•Drill and Ceremonies
•Attendance
•JROTC exams/projects
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•JROTC grade
•JROTC GPA
•Discipline
•Promotion Boards
Army JROTC Goals (9)
•Promote citizenship
•Develop Leadership
•Communicate effectively
•Improve physical fitness
•Provide initiative to live a drug free
life
•Strengthen self-motivation
•Provide historical perspective of military
services
•Work as a team member
•Graduate from high school
Knowledge
• JROTC Core Abilities
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Build your capacity for life long learning
Communicate using verbal, nonverbal and written techniques
Take responsibility for your actions and choices
Do your share as a good citizen in your school, community, country, and the
world
– Treat self and others with respect
– Apply Critical thinking and techniques
• Flags
– Storm
• Inclement weather-5x9 feet
– Post
• When garrison flag is not up- 10x19 ft
– Garrison
• Holidays and special occasions- 20x38 ft
• 3 Colors and Representation
– Red- hardiness and valor
– White- innocence and purity
– Blue- perseverance, vigilance, and justice
• The American flag can never render a salute unless a ship formally
recognized as an ally of a US ship sends a salute, the ship must return it
Knowledge
• 3 terms used for flags
– Standard
• for mounted troop
– Colors
• Dismounted troops
– Ensigns
• On ships
• When a president or past president of the US dies
– The flag is flown at half-mast for 30 days
• A flag can be flow upside down ONLY to signal distress or emergency
• An individual will hold a salute for six steps when passing the national
flag or when the colors pass by
• The difference between the national colors and the flag is
– The national colors are trimmed on three sides with a golden-yellow fringe
• A guidon is
– A small swallow tailed flag normally carried by a troop, company or battery
• On Memorial Day, the flag
– Is flown at half mast until noon and then raised to full stall
• The US flag has
– 50 starts, and 13 stripes, 7 are red and 6 are white
Knowledge
• The ball on the top of the flag, called the truk , represents
– The shot heard round the world fired April, 19, 1775 at
Lexington, Massachusetts ( the start of the American
revolution)
• The best way to destroy an unserviceable flag is
– To cut the stars from the stripes and incinerate them together
in private
• The Reveille is played for
– 20 seconds
• When the US flag is displayed with the other flags in a
row, it is displayed
– On the far right of the line, or to the left of the observers
• The name of the National Anthem is
– The Star Spangled Banner and was written by Francis Scott
Key
• The US flag represents
– The living country and represents a living thing