PART 4
Ideology and Citizenship
To what extent should my actions as
a citizen be shaped by an ideology?
Chapter 13
Reflecting on Worldview, Ideology,
and citizenship
Citizenship in a liberal democratic
society
• Citizenship is more that the guarantee of
certain rights: citizenship also asks citizens to
consider their responsibilities and actions, and
to what extent their identity and beliefs and
values play a role in your actions.
Features of Citizenship
• Lives in, and is a member of a country.
• Votes
• Has responsibilities to society (obeying laws of
the country).
• Has certain rights (individual rights and
freedoms) as stated by the country.
Legal and Political Understandings of
Citizenship
Principles used as a based for citizenship
• Jus soli (right of soil)
– Citizenship is determined by place of birth
• Jus sanguinis (right of blood)
– Citizenship of child is the same as natural parents,
wherever the child is born.
Naturalization
The process of applying for citizenship to
determine who may (and may not) legally
identify oneself as a citizen of a country.
New Naturalization test for the U.S.A. Civics
http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.5af9bb95919f35e66f614176543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=88086338b3281210VgnVC
M1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextchannel=2de5bece24e7b110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD
Read pages 447 -450 and complete the
worksheet on citizenship
What world view or ideology might lead a country to
use jus sanguinis as a basis for its citizenship policy?
• Is predicated on citizenship and nationality based
on ethnicity of the parents.
• Countries that apply this standard support a view
of citizenship based on ethnic nationhood.
• Jus sanguinis may be used to promote citizenship
based on cultural identity.
• They may want to exclude others or limit their
rights; they may want to prevent the loss of their
culture.
What worldview or ideology might lead a country to
apply jus soli as the basis for its citizenship policy?
• Jus soli is based on the place of birth.
• Countries that seek to encourage immigration
use jus soli.
• This principle allows immigrants to become
naturalized once certain requirements are
met.
• This worldview is based on the idea that
citizens can be made, and not just born. It
reflects an obligation to the country.
Why might a country change the basis
on which it determines citizenship?
Reasons
• To encourage or discourage immigration
• To strengthen the ethnic nation
• To encourage a greater responsibility to the
nation
• To prevent people from taking advantage of
the privileges associated with citizenship
• To reflect contemporary understandings.
• If you had citizenship in more than one
country, which would claim your allegiance?
• In what hypothetical situations might multiple
citizenship create a conflict?
• What ideologies might give rise to conflict?
• Neo-conservative limited government verses
modern liberals interventionist polices /
communitarian beliefs about responsibilities
may conflict with ideologies based on
individual freedoms.
Broader Understandings of Citizenship
Political / Civic Participation
• Any number of ways a citizen can be involved in
the political process
Direct
• Town hall meeting, protesting , being apart of an
NGO
Indirect (citizen advocacy)
• Letters to the editor, funding social or political
organizations
Common Elements of Active Citizenship
Models pg 451 -452
Mark Evans and Cecilia Reynolds
Julie Nelson and David Kerr
Civil republican
1
2
Liberal / Individualism
3
Communitarian
4
Multiple Citizenship
Investigation pg. 455
•
Why would Canada Allow Multiple citizenship?
•
How might the idea of a “moral project” change the relationship between the citizens and
the state?
•
What view do you hold of citizenship: is it a service relationship or a moral project?
Multiple Citizenship
Investigation pg. 455
• Why would Canada Allow Multiple citizenship?
– As a way to encourage immigration and as part of our official policy on
multiculturalism
• How might the idea of a “moral project” change the relationship
between the citizens and the state?
– A country in which citizens are expected to contribute to a “moral project”
means that citizenship is much more than simple living in that country. It
involves acting on the moral project, including helping to shape the country in
which they live, requiring ongoing action. Citizens play a role in contributing
to the project. This idea is seen in the communitarian and civic republican
view of citizenship, which involves a reciprocal relationship between citizens
and state.
• What view do you hold of citizenship: is it a service relationship or a
moral project?
– A service relationship puts the emphasis on the state’s responsibility of
providing services for the people, with few requirements from the citizens.
– A moral project orientation emphasizes citizen participation.
Impacts / effect that Worldview and
Ideology can have on Citizenship
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Conceptions of citizenship in a country
Conceptions of rights granted to people
Understanding of responsibilities people have to a country
Benefits a person can expect from a country
The role a person can play with a society
Relationship of the individual to the community
Relationship of the individual to the state
The role of rights in shaping actions
The rights granted to citizens
The legal/political understanding of citizenship and
obligations and benefits associated with belonging
• Responsibilities and obligations to the state and community
Understandings of Rights, Roles, and
Responsibilities
• Documents that advanced human rights
Understandings of Rights, Roles, and
Responsibilities
Negative Human Rights
• Liberties the government
may not infringe upon
(freedoms in the Charter of
Rights and Freedoms)
Positive Human Rights
• Obliging action–
entitlements that the
government is required to
provide (education , health
care, security)
Legal citizenship (Canada)pg 461
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Rights and Freedoms
Legal rights
Equality rights
Mobility rights
Aboriginal people’s rights
Freedom of thought
Freedom of speech
Freedom of religion
The right to peaceful
assembly
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Responsibilities
To obey Canada’s laws
To express opinions freely
while respecting the rights
and freedoms of others
To help others in the
community
To care for and protect our
heritage and environment
To eliminate discrimination
Pause and Reflect pg 461
• What evidence is there that the principles of liberalism
and collectivism underlie the rights and responsibilities
listed?
– Liberalism is reflected in the freedoms granted Canadians.
– Communitarianism (balance individual rights and interests
with those of the community as a whole) is reflected in the
group rights granted to Aboriginal peoples and in the
responsibilities to the common good outlined in the second
column.
– Collectivism is reflected in the appeal to helping others in
the community, and respecting the rights and freedoms of
others.
Examples of Canadians demonstrating
their understanding of citizenship
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Minimalist understanding of Citizenship
– The right to vote
– Exercising legal rights – fair trial & due process
– Involvement in the justice system
Moral projects
– Attempt to force governments to provide adequate civil legal aid to poor people
Philanthropy
– Giving money, time, or expertise, citizens are acting on their worldview and
demonstrating an ideology.
– 85% of Canadians 15 yrs and older made a financial donation in2004
– Stepping in where government services leave off
– Support for arts, sports clubs, medical research, food banks, homeless shelters, animal
shelters
– Configuration of philanthropy is changing from the traditional wealthy individuals and
corporations looking to support causes (genuine interest, economic , political) to
everyday citizen (young and old) taking an interest in local, and national matters.
– Access to internet and media have made it easier to bring attention to different issues
and allow citizens to become more informative.
– Participants are engaging more in citizenship and expecting more fiscal accountability.
Global Citizenship
• Participation in relief sponsorship for natural
disasters is an example of global citizenship
• Read pages 467 – 468 take notes and
complete worksheet for Pause and Reflect pg
468
Global Citizenship
Pause and Reflect pg 468
When a disaster of great magnitude occurs, why do you think
that individuals, governments, and NGOs can put aside
differences and focus on providing aid to those is distress?
• Once their ideological differences are removed, their
common goal is to help people meet their needs.
• This willingness to help those in distress affirms the
belief in our common humanity.
• Ideology is what causes the difficulty in co-operating.
• This ideological defence can be seen in the goals of
organizations and how the organizations attempt to
achieve their goals.
What can get in the way of such a
cooperative response?
• Ideology is what causes difficulty, it can be
seen in the goals of the organization and how
the organization attempts to achieve their
goals.
How do you think Egeland, the UN’s emergency relief
coordinator, would define the roles and
responsibilities of individual global citizens? skip
• Providing charitable donations to
organizations such as the UN, to assist in
addressing a variety of global issues.
• Responsibilities would include informing
themselves about the extent of global issues
and the need for financial support.
• He assumes that the global citizen is one who
has a belief in our common humanity.
In times of conflict, what are the
citizen’s rights, roles and
responsibilities?
• Supporting the conflict through engagement.
• Pacifism: commitment to peace – opposition to
war.
• Conscientious objection: the refusal on moral or
religious grounds to military service.
• Examples
– 9-11
– Vietnam
– Iraq & Afghanistan
Read pages 469 - 472
• Complete the Chart Understanding
citizenship, rights and responsibilities
• Complete Concept Review for Chapter 13