Goals
Progettazione di Sistemi Embedded
embbedded systems design
•  Techniques for the automatic design of embedded
systems:
–  starting from their specification throughout:
•  validation / verification
•  automatic synthesis
•  testing
Franco Fummi
•  This lecture is focused on:
University of Verona
–  most important design languages
–  most evolved tools for their manipulation
Department of Computer Science
Italy
Laurea Magistrale in Ingegneria e Scienze Informatiche
Embedded Systems Design Course
3 October '14
PSE
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ES: Historical perspective
Embedded Systems: Where?
•  From computer (’60-’80):
–  General purpose systems for solution of
general problems
•  To digital control systems (’80-’90):
–  Systems dedicated to control and
automation
•  To distributed systems (’90-’00):
–  General purpose systems and/or dedicated
systems cooperating
through the network
Lights
Climatic Sensors
Water and Gas security
Windows
•  To embedded systems (’00-):
Irrigation
–  Distributed systems integrated in noncomputing objects and in the environment
Video-Control System
•  To cyber-physical systems (’10-):
•  embedded systems integrated with
physical processes
3 October '14
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3 October '14
ES: History
HVAC control
Domestic Appliances
audio/video systems
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ES Market
•  First computers in 1940’s were all Embedded
Systems:
–  not showing the today characteristics, but devoted
to the particular application of being programmable
computers and embedded into a… room
•  The Apollo Guidance Computer is considered
the world’s first modern Embedded System:
–  small size for a tremendous computational power
devoted to guide Apollo
•  Mass production of Embedded Systems:
–  1961 with the Autonetics D-17
•  No stop…
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How Relevenat (I)
ES Market: trend
•  Expected to increase from $92.0 billion in 2008 to $112.5 billion by
the end of 2013:
–  a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.1%
–  embedded hardware from $89.8 billion in 2008 to $109.6 billion in 2013
–  embedded software from $2.2 billion in 2008 to $2.9 billion in 2013, for a
CAGR of 5.6%.
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4 October '13
How Relevant (II)
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ES: How to design?
•  & progetti europei completati e attivi:
•  We cannot design embedded systems
like general purpose systems
–  Angel, Vertigo, Coconut, C4C, Complex, SMAC, Contrex
–  Different design constraints, different
goals
–  Embedded design is about the system,
not about the computer
•  2 progetti europei in FP6
–  ANGEL (mobile gateway for sensors network)
–  VERTIGO (HW formal verification)
•  E.g.
•  5 progetti europei in FP7
–  In general purpose computing, design
often focuses on building the fastest
CPU
–  In embedded systems the CPU simply
exists as a way to implement control
algorithms communicating with sensors
and actuators
–  COCONUT (embedded systems design and verification)
•  best evaluation of the overall embedded systems track
–  C4C (control for coordination of distributed systems)
–  COMPLEX (platform-based design space exploration)
–  SMAC (smart systems design)
–  CONTREX (mixed-criticality systems)
3 October '14
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3 October '14
ES: Design constraints
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ES: Designer knowledge
•  Size and weight
•  HW architecture alternatives
–  for a correct HW/SW trade-off
–  Hand-held electronics
–  Weight costs money in transportation
–  Human body cannot eat desktops
•  SW design skills
–  lots of languages continuously extending
•  HW/SW interaction mechanisms
•  Power
–  O.S., MW, HdS for efficient SW development
–  Buttery power instead of AC
•  Network infrastructure
•  Harsh environment
–  all ES are now networked embedded systems
–  Power fluctuation, RF interferences, heat, vibration,
water, …
•  Computation effort estimation
–  theory is important when used in practice
•  Safety critical and real time operations
•  Low costs
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•  Join 3C: computation, control & communication
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2
Course Structure
Modalità di Esame (I)
•  34 lectures:
•  Teoria + lab. + opzioni:
–  32 theory hours
–  teoria
•  22 lectures
•  scritto con votazione /30
–  24 practical hours
–  relazione laboratorio
6
credits
•  12 lectures
•  People:
•  +3 punti max
–  on demand
•  elaborato 0 +∞
•  (orale) +3 -∞
–  Franco Fummi (theory)
–  Michele Lora (laboratory class)
•  Regole generali:
–  … for practical elaborations
3 October '14
–  elaborato dura 1 anno accademico
–  consegna in date stabilite
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3 October '14
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Modalità di Esame (II)
Pre/post Condizioni
•  Precedenze Indispensabili:
•  Alternative:
–  Architettura degli Elaboratori
–  Programmazione
–  Linguaggi ...
–  Sistemi (Metodi di specifica)
–  Elaborato personale
•  stage aziendale
•  tesi
–  Teoria
•  Fondamentale per
•  no way :-)
–  Curriculum sistemi embedded (magistrale in
Ingegneria)
•  Design&Reuse:
•  laboratorio di Informatica (ordinamento 509/99)
•  tesi
•  stage pre-tesi
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•  Sistemi operativi avanzati, Architetture avanzate,
Software per Sistemi Embedded, Sistemi Embedded
Multimediali, Sistemi Embedded di Rete…
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2014/2015 news
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•  Laboratorio
Ciberfisico:
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–  Secondo piano CV2
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data
1-Oct
3-Oct
8-Oct
10-Oct
15-Oct
17-Oct
22-Oct
24-Oct
29-Oct
31-Oct
5-Nov
7-Nov
12-Nov
14-Nov
19-Nov
21-Nov
26-Nov
28-Nov
3-Dec
5-Dec
10-Dec
12-Dec
17-Dec
19-Dec
7-Jan
9-Jan
14-Jan
16-Jan
21-Jan
30-Jan
hours
credits
•  Smart devices:
–  The Open Source Test
Case
(SMAC project)
14
17
day
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
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Wed.
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Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
Fri.
Wed.
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6,0
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lecture
Detailed Program
lab.
3
2
2
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
3
2
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2
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32
4,0
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topic
NO
Course introduction; Embedded systems modeling
Embedded systems modeling II; SystemC-based design
NO
SystemC-based design II; SystemC-based design III
Platform-based design; Transactional-based design; TLM 2.0 standard
TLM 2.0 standard II; SystemC/AMS support
SystemC modeling at RTL
SystemC compilation/execution/debugging
SystemC timing evolution
SystemC modeling at TLM
High-level synthesis (HLS): scheduling; High-level synthesis: allocation
Automatic synthesis from TLM
Software embedded synthesis; Model-based design (MBD) of embedded software; HMI design
SystemC / AMS
intermediate exam
Mixed RTL/TLM/AMS SystemC
VHDL introduction; VHDL syntax
Platform, testbench and device driver (OSTC)
VHDL modeling; VHDL timing simulation
Embedded software: radCASE
VHDL timing simulation II; VHDL synthesis
VHDL modeling at RTL
Cyber-physical systems: bioaspects + interfaces
VHDL timing simulation
Networked embedded systems (NES); Middleware for embedded systems
Automatic synthesis from RTL VHDL
Introduction to embedded systems verification; Introduction to embedded systems testing
NO
final exam
24
2,0
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3
Topics (theory)
•
Specification:
•
–  Embedded software generation
–  SystemC-based design
–  Automatic device driver generation
–  TLM design introduction
–  Middleware for embedded systems
–  HMI deisgn
–  VHDL syntax
•
–  Networked embedded systems
(NES)
•
Veriifcation & testing:
–  Introduction to testing
•
–  VHDL timing simulation
–  Introduction to TLM design
–  RTL-TLM mixed simulation
–  High-level synthesis
–  Embedded software verification
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Software synthesis:
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Teaching supports (I)
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•  Theory slides:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–  Detailed program
–  Complete program
•  E-learning web page
–  Slides
–  Laboratory instructions
–  Questions/answers
•  Seminars
–  Indications during the course
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Teaching supports (II)
•  Course web page
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Hardware synthesis:
–  Testbench and device driver
–  Model based design: radCASE
–  HMI design: radGUI
–  Automatic VHDL synthesis
3 October '14
Compiling / executing /debugging SystemC
Modeling SystemC TLM
Modeling SystemC RTL
Timing evolution in SystemC
-*9:%;#
Analog modeling in SystemC/AMS
Mixed modeling RTL/TLM/AMS
435#7'/*%8&)*#
Timing modelingin VHDL
–  Automatic synthesis from TLM
–  VHDL modeling at RT
–  Automatic synthesis from RTL VHDL
–  Introduction to verification
HW synthesis:
Specification:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–  Model-based design
–  VHDL modeling
•
SW synthesis:
–  Embedded systems modeling
–  TLM 2.0 standard
Topics (lab.)
•
21
•  Theory slides:
0.CourseIntroduction
1.EmbeddedSystemsModeling
2.SystemCBasedDesignFlow
3.PlatformBasedDesign
4.TLMBasedDesign
5.Smart device SystemC/AMS
6.HighLevelSynthesis
7.EmbeddedSoftware
8.ModelBasedDesign
3 October '14
More information
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
9.VHDLDesignIntroduction
10.VHDLSyntax
11.VHDLSpecification
12.VHDLSimulation
13.VHDLSynthesis
14.NESDesign
15.EmbeddedMW
16.VerificationAndTesting
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For the stronger ...
http://www.di.univr.it/~fummi
Tuesday
8:30 – 10:30
7994
In the
corridors...
running
franco.fummi@univr.it
3 October '14
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4
For the strongest…
Monday
10.00 – 11.00
7048
On the e-learning
michele.lora@univr.it
3 October '14
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5