Dr. Fabio Brusa
Area manager WIZ Chemicals Srl
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I’m a Technical & Sales manager of Wiz chemicals and I have
been following Indian laminates market for more than eight years.
Graduated from the University of Milan in industrial chemistry,
for many years I worked as R&D Manager in the field of chemical
auxiliaries dedicated to textile gaining competences in the
use of surfactants, synthetic and natural polymers.
Joined WIZ chemicals in 2006 in addition to the activity
of Area Manager I contribute to develop new technical projects.
You find me at fabio.brusa@wiz.it
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ISO 9001:2008
ISO 14001:2004
Management
systems by
CERTIQUALITY
In India since 2003,
now supported by the
activity of Chemo
India (Mr. Jigar Shah)
in Mumbai agent &
distributor.
Founded in 1983 works
through 2 divisions:
Additives for plastics
Microbiology
Located in Dairago,
25 Km north from
Milan, 20 Km south
from the Milan
Malpensa
international airport
Market leader in additives for melamine,
urea and phenol formaldehyde resins with
a complete and innovative product range
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The WIZ chemicals brand for melamine, urea and phenol
formaldehyde resins additives used to prepare plastic laminates
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Some brands…..
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1.
Prepare a good quality laminate.
2.
Prepare a good quality high gloss laminate.
3.
Prepare a good quality high gloss antimar laminate.
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




Kraft, decorative and
overlay paper
Impregnation equipment
Resins
Additives
Pressing equipment
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Kraft paper provides structure
Decorative paper provides color and design
Overlay gives wear resistant
Fibers composition, color
pigments, capillary absorbability,
air permeability, strength in wet and
dry conditions, pH, smoothness,
humidity, weight, ash value,
evenness
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Phenol-Formaldehyde for Kraft provides structural
properties such strength and flexibility, internal bond,
impact resistance
Urea-Formaldehyde resin for decorative
paper provides saturation, strength,
consistency
Melamine-Formaldehyde
for decorative and overlay
provides surface properties,
such as wear, scratch,
chemical resistance, water
repellence
ratio between monomers,
appearance, pot-life, reactivity,
solids, viscosity, flow
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wetting agent
release agent
hardener
basic
Additives
plasticizer
anti-blocking
anti-dust
antimar
high gloss
specialties
surface
enhancers
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Paper
unicolor 80 g/m2
Paper final weight
170 g/m2
MF resin
50 % solid, 12-13 seconds viscosity cup
Ford 4, clouding time of 15-20 minutes
at 100°C
(hardener ALTON HM 720)
Wetting agent
0.3 % (ALTON 883)
Release agent
0.3 % (ALTON R 1000)
Surface enhancer
(anti-dust) on MF
0.15 % (ALTON ES 700)
Final moisture
5-6 %
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 impregnated paper with right pick-up
 resin homogeneously distributed on surface
 clean paper surface
 resin with appropriate reactivity
 right final moisture
 calibrated pressing cycle, but …….
a mirror
plate
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Paper
unicolor 80 g/m2
Paper final weight
170 g/m2
MF resin
50 % solid, 12-13 seconds viscosity cup
Ford 4, clouding time of 7-8 minutes at
100°C
(hardener ALTON HM 720)
Wetting agent
0.3 %
(ALTON 883)
Release agent
0.3 %
(ALTON R 1000)
Surface enhancer
(anti-dust) on MF
0.15 % (ALTON ES 700)
Gloss enhancer
5%
Final moisture
4.8-5.5 %
(ALTON ES 501)
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glossmeter
For gloss measurement
common angles are
20°, 60°, 85 °;
for gloss higher than 70, angle of
20° is suggested
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What is mar?
Mar is the consequence
of a friction induced damage in
which the material surface is
compressed causing a
marking (micro scratches)
that changes the appearance
or gloss.
Glossy surfaces become matt
and matt surfaces shine!
Mar is generated because
of day to day routine use.
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What is scratch?
Scratch is a damage made by
a sharp object that cuts the
surface
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What is abrasion?
Abrasion is a damage caused
by the mechanical action of
rubbing, scraping or erosion.
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Making a harder surface than the sole MF
Modified polymers
Aluminum oxide
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Special filler
Empirical method
Martindale equipment
EN 16094
Taber equipment
ASTM D 6037
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Several are possible and in any case are
efficient for in house test
as always for commercial
comparison a Standard represents
useful procedure
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Martindale Lissajous
test pattern
Martindale
Scotch –brite abrasive pad
Insert movie
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Test procedure A

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
scrub material: scotch-brite
7447 fine
weight force: 6 N
number of cycles: 80
(5 Lissajous cycles)
glossmeter measurement
incidence angle: 20°- 60°
Result :change of gloss
percentage determinate as
difference between the
gloss measured before
and after the test
Micro scratch
resistance
class
A1
<= 10 %
A2
>10 % to <=30 %
A3
>30 % to <=50 %
A4
>50 % to <= 70 %
A5
>70 %
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Change of
gloss
Test procedure B



Scrub material: scotch-brite
7447 fine
Weight force: 4 N
Number of cycles: 160
(10 Lissajous cycles)

Result: visual evaluation
according to the reference
table
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Calibrase wheels CS-10
Taber
Insert movie
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Test procedure A

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Scrub material: “calibrase”
wheels CS-10
Weight force: 500 g
Number of cycles: 10
glossmeter measurement
incidence angle: 20°
RESULT: percentage of gloss
retention between starting
gloss and the gloss measured
after the test.
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
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Preserve as high as possible the initial gloss.
Reach the higher value of gloss retention.
Keep low the pick-up for m2 of antimar additive.
Preserve the quality of press plates as much as possible.
Possibility to apply the antimar both on decorative and overlay
paper.
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selection of suitable inorganic fillers with
Calibrate hardness
in Mohs scale
Mineral
Not sharp crystals
Close refractive
index to MF
Mohs
Hardness
Product
Refractive
index
Aluminium oxide
9.0
1.53
Quartz
6.5
Titanium doxide
6.5
Melamineformaldehyde
resin
ALTON ES 911
6.0
Aluminium
oxide
1.72
Glass
5.0
ALTON ES 911
1.52
Talc
1.0
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Selection of the right particle size for

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

Offer a high protection against micro-scratches generally deep
less than 5 microns.
Assure a high specific covered area for a high particles distribution.
Assure the possibility of high dosage in resin without affecting the gloss.
Opportune mixtures for synergic action over micro-scratches and abrasion.
Typical Al2O3 particle size diameter



Flooring : 60-70 microns
Other surfaces: 20-60 microns
Anti-mar surfaces: less than 10 microns
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Ready to use slurry to avoid the use of powder
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Paper
unicolor 80 g/m2
Paper final weight
170 g/m2
MF resin
50 % solid, 12-13 seconds viscosity
cup Ford 4, clouding time of 7-8
minutes at 100°C
(hardener ALTON HM 720)
Wetting agent
0.3 %
(ALTON 883)
Release agent
0.3 %
(ALTON R 1000)
Surface enhancer
(anti-dust) on MF
0.15 % (ALTON ES 700)
Gloss enhancer
5%
Antimar
5-10 % (ALTON ES 911)
Final moisture
4.8-5.5 %
(ALTON ES 501)
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Solid Color- 2,0 g/m2
Ref.
Overlay-2,0 g/m2
Quality
Initial
gloss
20°
Final
gloss
20°
Delta
gloss
%
Class
Red
untreated
121
35
-71
A5
Red treated
116
102
-12
A2
ALTON ES 911
Ref.
Quality
Initial
gloss
20°
Final
gloss
20°
Delta
gloss
%
Class
Wood
untreated
117
65
-44
A3
Wood treated
113
98
-13
A2
ALTON ES 911
Grey
untreated
129
25
-80
A5
Wood
untreated
118
73
-38
A3
Grey treated
123
111
-10
A1
Wood treated
113
105
-7
A1
ALTON ES 911
ALTON ES 911
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Solid Color- 2,0 g/m2
ref
Quality
Overlay-2 g/m2
Initial
gloss
20°
Final
gloss
20°
Gloss
retention
%
Red
untreated
121
35
29
Red treated
110
107
97
ref
Quality
Initial
gloss
20°
Final
gloss
20°
Gloss
retention
%
Wood
untreated
117
65
55
Wood treated
108
105
97
ALTON ES 911
ALTON ES 911
Grey
untreated
129
25
19
Wood
untreated
118
73
62
Grey treated
112
104
93
Wood treated
113
111
98
ALTON ES 911
ALTON ES 911
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The technology proposed by WIZ enables to get high gloss
laminate with antimar properties.
The main advantages are :
 No loss of gloss even dosing high percentage of antimar additive.
 Evident improvement of micro scratch resistance.
 Excellent gloss retention after scratching.
Searching for antimar resistance important is
 define the target would like to reach
 consider plates damage
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To be commercially successful, but also practically
appreciated by the consumer, a laminate surface should
provide as many favorable characteristics as possible.
Surfaces with improved micro scratch resistance are a
continuous goal every manufacturer would like to offer and
every consumer wishful to get.
Improve micro scratch resistance have to be considered
a subject continuously under development and …….
for WIZ it is.
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Join us to find new solutions!
wiz
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