Chemical engineering
Research !!
www.chemeng.lth.se
Updated August 2012
Biomass to Biofuels
(Guido Zacchi, Mats Galbe, Ola Wallberg)
Biomass
Dehydration
Ethanol
SSF
Enzymatic
Hydrolysis
Pretreatment
Fermentation
Distillation
Stillage
Yeast
cultivation
Sep
Liquid
Lignin
CHP
Heat & Power
AD
Biogas
WWT
Sludge
Opportunities & R&D needs
High yield
High concentration
High productivity
Low catalyst dosage
No waste
Improved hydrolysis of biomass
Pretreatment  Enzymatic hydrolysis
Improved fermentation
Yeast  Fermentation technology  Hydrolysis
Process integration
Consider the whole integrated process incl AD/WWT – re use water
External integration
With 1G ethanol, CHP, pulp and paper etc
Assessment by techno-economic analysis
100%
Energy efficiency 5 scenarios
90%
70%
DH (process)
DH (FGC)
DH (steam cycle)
Electricity
Pellets
Ethanol
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
A
B
C
D
Prod cost
E
5,00
4,80
4,60
Ethanol production cost (SEK/L)
Energy efficiencyLHV
80%
4,40
4,20
4,00
3,80
3,60
3,40
3,20
3,00
A
B
C
D
E
Pretreatment & hydrolysis
(Gunnar Lidén)
200 μm
Surface morphology and chemistry changes in the pretreatment
giving a changed reactivity
Fermentation
Genetic factors
Environmental factors
Feedstock
Pretreatment
Pentoses, phenolics, carboxylic acids,
degradation products (furans), other
inhibitors
SSF
Process
water
Hydrolysis
Salt (from neutralization)
Hexoses
Fermentation
High temperature (SSF)
Nutrient depletion
Ethanol
Microbial contamination
Separation
Lignin & other residues
Xylose pathway
– oxidation/reduction
XR/XDH/XK
– isomerization
XI/XK
Arabinose pathway
– Oxidation/reduction
XR/LAD/LXR/XDH
– Isomerization
AI/RK/RE
Activation of PPP
Ethanol
ISSUES
Co-factor regeneration (xylose & arabinose pathways
& aldehyde reduction)
ATP demand (weak acid & transport)
Ethanol tolerance
Temperature tolerance
Osmotic stress & compatible solute formation
Other uncharacterized toxic effects
Competition/contamination
Mixing design
3h
10h
Mixing affects hydrolysis
48h
Hydrolysis affects rheology
Energy consumption for mixing is determined
by rheology and stirring
European projects
A European RTD project on lignocellulose ethanol, the
focus of which is development of novel enzymes and yeasts.
The project leader is VTT, Finland. The department
contribution concerns fermentation technology.
A European demonstration project in FP7 on second
generation ethanol. The project leader is Chemtex, Italia.
The final outcome is a demonstration unit with an annual
output of 40000 ton of lignocellulosic ethanol. The
department contribution concerns fermentation technology.
Some Projects financed by
the Swedish Energy Agency
• Process development of ethanol production in PDU scale
• Process intensification of the SSF concept in ethanol
production
• Development of process technology for coniferous wood
• Integration of cellulose and starch-based ethanol production
• Co-fermentation of hexoses and pentoses
PIC-LU
Inst. för
Kemiteknik
Processindustriellt Centrum
vid Lunds Universitet
(Bernt Nilsson)
Inst. för
Reglerteknik
www.pic.lu.se
Modellbaserad Processteknik
• Matematisk modellering och modellkalibrering
• Modellbaserad design, optimering, drift och
reglering
• Tillämplingar:
Industriell
proteinkromatografi
Industriella
reaktorsystem
Model
Experiment
UV absorbance (mAu
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
15
20
Volume (mL)
25
30
Industriell
mjukvara
Metallrening med
kromatografi
Membrane Group
Ann-Sofi Jönsson
More than 40 years experience of membrane
processes with focus on:
• Microfiltration
• Ultrafiltration
• Nanofiltration
• Reverse Osmosis
Fundamental research has always been
performed hand-in-hand with applied
research projects.
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Membrane Group
Ann-Sofi Jönsson
Some current projects:
• Energy efficient fractionation of biomass for
•
•
•
high-value added products
ECOHELIX – pilot scale application of a
hemicellulose upgrading technology
Energy efficient production of milk with extended
shelf-life
GenoMembrane - NOM removal by membrane
filtration
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Stig Stenström, research areas
-
Modelling transport phenomena
-
Drying and dewatering processes
-
Industrial energy use
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Stig Stenström, present research projects
A. Mass transport
Modelling mass transport and
reaction kinetics in ALD reactors for
the production of solar cells
B. Drying of bark
Physical properties of bark
Drying of bark using low
grade energy sources
C. Properties of single
cellulose fibres
Different properties
(E-module, flocculation etc.)
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Christian Hulteberg, research areas
-
Catalysis for renewables
-
Non-fossil feedstocks for the chemical industry
-
Gas purification
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Christian Hulteberg, present research projects
• Catalysis for
renewables
• Developing catalysts for the
conversion of renewable feedstocks
into chemicals and fuels
• Non-fossil feedstocks
for the chemical
industry
• Low-blending of forrest-based material
into trad. petrochemical feedstocks
with focus on pretreatment of the
material
• Gas purification
• Removal of harmful or undesired gasphase components via catalysis or gasliquid reactions
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Water and Environmental Engineering
Jes la Cour Jansen, Karin Jönsson, Åsa Davidsson, Anna Ledin
Advanced Wastewater Treatment
• Advanced nitrogen and phosphorus
•
•
removal
Anaerobic digestion
Removal of micro-pollutants (pharmaceuticals,
industrial chemicals…)
Urban infrastructure
• Storm-water handling
• Municipal solid waste
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Water and Environmental Engineering
Jes la Cour Jansen, Karin Jönsson, Åsa Davidsson, Anna Ledin
VA-teknik Södra – A cluster in southern Sweden to
strengthen research, development and education
• Advanced wastewater treatment
• Universities, Municipalities, Private companies
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Water and Environmental Engineering
Jes la Cour Jansen, Karin Jönsson, Åsa Davidsson, Anna Ledin
Separation
Biological phosphorus
removal
Reduction of
pharmaceuticals
Improved
sludge quality
Water & Environmental
Engineering
Anaerobic
digestion
Leachate
treatment
Reject water
treatment
Industrial
wastewaters
Urban
infrastructure
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering
Contact persons
Guido Zacchi
Mats Galbe
Ola Wallberg
guido.zacchi@chemeng.lth.se
mats.galbe@chemeng.lth.se
ola.wallberg@chemeng.lth.se
046-222 8297
046-222 8299
046-222 4641
Gunnar Lidén
Bernt Nilsson
Ann-Sofi Jönsson
Stig Stenström
Christian Hulteberg
Jes la Cour Jansen
Karin Jönsson
gunnar.liden@chemeng.lth.se
bernt.nilsson@chemeng.lth.se
ann-sofi.jonsson@chemeng.lth.se
stig.stenstrom@chemeng.lth.se
christian.hulteberg@chemeng.lth.se
Jes.la_Cour_Jansen@chemeng.lth.se
karin.jonsson@chemeng.lth.se
046-222 0862
046-222 8088
046-222 8291
046-222 8292
046-222 8273
046-222 8999
046-222 8607
10 % from 120901
on parental leave until
121231
Lund University/Faculty of Engineering-LTH/Department of Chemical Engineering