MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC
(MHD) GENERATOR
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CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
MHD Generator
INTRODUCTION
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
STRUCTURAL DIFFERENCE
TYPES
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
APPLICATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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MHD Generator
INTRODUCTION
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
The production of electrical power utilizing
a conducting fluid through an intense
magnetic field.
Fluid may be gas or liquid metal.
A Direct Energy Conversion system.
Classified based on the nature of processing
of the working fluid.
Plays an important role in power industry
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Principle of Operation
i.
ii.



MHD Generator
The operation is based on the simple principles of
Lorentz Force Law.
F = q(v × B)
v = velocity of the particle (vector)
q= charge of the particle (scalar)
B = magnetic field (vector)
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Structural differences
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MHD Generator
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Types of MHD Generators
MHD Generator
 According to the working fluid and the
anticipated heat source:
i. Open Cycle MHD Generators
ii. Closed Cycle MHD Generators
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OPEN CYCLE SYSTEM
 WORKING FLUID IS DISCHARGED TO
ATMOSPHERE
CLOSE CYCLE SYSTEM
 WORKING FLUID IS RECYCLED AND
USED AGAIN & AGAIN
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MHD Generator
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MHD Generator
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MHD Generator
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MHD Generator
Advantages
i. Increase in the conversion efficiency.
ii. Because of higher efficiency overall
generation cost is less.
iii. Better fuel utilization.
iv. Improved environmental effects.
v. Large amount of power generated.
vi.No moving parts so more reliable.
vii.Reach peak power as soon as started.
viii.Produce less pollution.
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MHD Generator
Disadvantages
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
High operating temperture.
High friction & Heat transfer loses.
Initial installments are expensive.
Needs very powerful magnet.
Short circuit problem may occur.
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MHD Generator
APPLICATION
Power generation in space craft.
ii. Hypersonic wind tunnel experiment.
iii. Defence application.
iv. Yamoto,a boat solely powered by MHD
i.
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MHD Generator
Conclusion
The extensive use of MHD can help in saving
billions of dollars towards fuel prospects of much
better fuel utilization. The potential of lower
capital costs with increased utilization of
invested capital provides also a very important
economic incentive.
The beneficial
environmental aspects of MHD are probably of
equal or even greater significance. It
simultaneously assures better utilization for our
natural resources. It can therefore be claimed
that the development of MHD for electric utility
power generation is an objective of national
significance.
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MHD Generator
References
 www.google.co.in
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.answers.com
 www.ieeexplore.ieee.org
 www.techsearch.htm
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