GEOSYNTHETICS IN
TEXTILES - a tool for civil
engineering application
By
Shraddha K. Akarte
Monu W. Chandpurkar
GOVT. POLY., NAGPUR
WHAT ARE GEOSYNTHETICS ?
Geosynthetics
are defined as civil engineering materials that are
synthesized for use with geological materials like soil,
rock or any other geotechnical engineering related
material to improve or modify the behavior of civil
engineering works.
Families of Geosynthetics
Geotextiles
 Geogrids
 Geomatrices
 Geomembrane
 Geosynthetic clay liner
 Geofoams
 Geocell
 Geocomposites

GEO-TEXTILE
 Woven, non-woven or
knitted, permeable sheets,
usually, but not exclusively,
non-biodegradable.
 Landscape fabrics used in the
 horticultural and soft-landscaping trades.
 Flexible, textile-like fabrics of controlled permeability
used to provide filtration,
 separation or reinforcement in soil, rock

and waste materials
GEOGRIDS
 Tough, non-woven synthetic sheets with large (100mm+)
rectanglar holes.



Used for ground stabilisation. Also known as geo-nets.
Stiff or flexible polymer
grid-like sheets with large apertures used primarily as
reinforcement of unstable soil and waste masses
GEO-MATRICES
Geo-matrices can be thought of as 3dimensional geo-grids, in that they are cellular and
used to stabilise surface soil, gravels etc.
•More commonly used as a form of Grass Paving
•
GEO-MEMBRANE



Impermeable and usually non-woven,
use as a vapour or damp barrier.
used as barriers for liquid or solid waste containment
GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS

Prefabricated bentonite clay layers incorporated between
geotextiles and/or geomembranes used as a barrier for liquid or
solid waste containment

GCLs used as a composite component beneath a geomembrane or
by themselves in geo-environmental and containment applications
as well as in transportation, geotechnical, hydraulic, and many
private development applications.
GEOFOAMS
 A product created by a polymeric expansion process
resulting in a “foam” consisting of many closed, but gasfilled, cells
GEOCELLS
Three-dimensional honeycombed cellular
structures that form a soil confinement system when infilled
with compacted soil.
GEO-COMPOSITES
A sheet that combines two
or more layers of geo-synthetics.
Materials Used for
GEOSYNTHETICS
Polyester
 Polypropylene
 Polyethylene
 Polyamide
 Nylon
 Polyvinyl Chloride (plasticized or nonplasticized)

APPLICATIONS OF
GEOSYNTHETICS
1. Separation
 2. Reinforcement
 3. Filtration
 4. Drainage
 5. Moisture barrier (when impregnated)

Separation
REINFORCEMEN
T
DRAINAGE
CONTAINMENT
Involves geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners,
or some geocomposites which function as liquid
or gas barriers.
TYPES OF GEOTEXTILES
 WOVEN :
 An excellent tensile strength ,poor abrasion
and dimensional stability.
 Low coefficient of permeability
 Poor surface frictional characteristics.
 NON-WOVEN :
 ability to elongate locally to resist damage,
 Better permeability and frictional resistance
 tensile strength is lower than woven fabrics.
 KNITTED :
• rarely used as geotextiles.
resistance
TYPES OF GEOTEXTILES
WOVEN GEOTEXTILES



MONOFILAMENT
MULTIFILAMENT
TAPE
NON-WOVEN GEOTEXTILES
•
THERMO BONDED
•
NEEDLE PUNCHED
•
SPUN BONDED
woven monofilament
woven multifilament
nonwoven needle-punched
calendered woven monofilament
woven slit film
nonwoven heat-bonded
APPLICATION OF GEOSYNTHETIC
Hydropower construction
 Environmental engineering
 Railway construction
 Road construction
 At seaports and airports
 Mine construction
 In urban construction

ADVANTAGES OF GEOSYNTHETICS
The manufactured quality control of geosynthetics
in a controlled factory environment over outdoor
soil and rock construction.
 The thinness of geosynthetics versus their natural
soil counterpart as light weight on the subgrade,
less airspace used, and avoidance of quarried sand,
gravel, and clay soil materials.
 The ease of geosynthetic installation in comparison
to thick soil layers (sands, gravels, or clays) requiring
large earthmoving equipment.

ADVANTAGES OF GEOSYNTHETICS

Well advanced published standards in
standards-setting organizations like ISO,
ASTM, and GSI.

Design methods are currently available in
that many universities are teaching standalone courses in geosynthetics or have
integrated geosynthetics in traditional
geotechnical, geoenvironmental, and
hydraulic engineering courses.
PRESENT INVENTION TO
GEOSYNTHETICS
Rolled erosion control products have been
classified generally (and frequently
imprecisely) into several categories;
 Erosion control nets
 Open weave erosion control
geotextiles
 Erosion control blankets
 Geosynthetic mats
Recently, the Erosion Control Technology
Council, which is an organization formed by rolled
erosion control products providers, initiated more
formal classification for these sorts of products. The
categories include
-low velocity degradable rolled erosion control
products ("LVDRECP's"),
- high velocity degradable RECP's ("HVDRECP's"),
-long term nondegradable RECP's ("LTNDRECP's").
OBJECTS OF PRESENT
INVENTION
•to
provide low cost geosynthetic structures which may be
used for erosion control, turf reinforcement, earth
reinforcement and a broad variety of other applications.
•to
provide geosynthetic structures which may be economically
manufactured such as on conventional carpet tufting machinery,
and whose properties in all three dimensions may be varied by
changing, among other things,
•to
provide erosion control, turf reinforcement and earth
reinforcement structures which employ and capitalize on the
favorable properties of geosynthetic
WORLD MARKET FOR
GEOSYNTHETICS
World Geosynthetics to 2013 –
 Global demand for geosynthetics is
projected to increase 5.3 percent annually
through 2013.
 China will account for the largest share of
new global demand as it continues to
develop large-scale infrastructure and
erosion control projects.
 North America will remain the second
largest regional market. Geogrids will
achieve the fastest gains.
CONCLUSION
It is expected that the use of geosynthetics will
become increasingly routine, and that
geosynthetics will be the standard material of
choice for several applications.
 Use of geosynthetics in pavement structures (to
perform the functions of separation,
filtration,drainage, and reinforcement) should
increase significantly in the new millennium as the
benefits of these materials are quantified.
 In addition, the versatility and usage of
geosynthetics will be enhanced with the
development and adoption of in situ and rapid soil
testing procedures.

Soccer Dome Outside
Soccer Dome- Inside
124’ x 228’ x37’
THANK YOU