EffShip
Efficient Shipping with Low Emissions
Bengt Ramne, ScandiNAOS AB
EffShip –
Efficient Shipping with low emissions
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The EffShip project is a research and development project partly
funded by Vinnova in their program for “Environment
innovations”.
The projected started in December 2009 and runs for 40 months
until March 2013.
The EffShip project is based on the vision of a sustainable and
successful maritime transport industry – one which is energy
efficient and has minimal environmental impacts
One of the main objectives of the project is to identify the best
and most effective way for the shipping industry to comply with
the upcoming regulations regarding emissions
EffShip –
Efficient Shipping with low emissions
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Partners
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SSPA
ScandiNAOS
Wärtsilä
S-MAN
DEC
Chalmers
StoraEnso
Göteborg Energi
Svenska Orient Linjen
Stena Rederi
Funding
– Vinnova 60%, Partners 40%
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Duration
– Dec 2009 – March 2013
EffShip – Work packages
• WP1 Project Management
• WP2 Present and Future Maritime Fuels
• WP3 Exhaust Gas Cleaning
• WP4 Energy Efficiency and Heat Recovery
• WP5 Energy Transformers
• WP6 System Impact when Using Wind, Wave and Solar Energy
• WP7 Logistic system analysis
• WP8 Demonstration of Findings
• WP9 Final Reporting, Dissemination and Future Projects
EffShip – WP2
Present and Future Maritime Fuels
IMO NOx Technical code
g NOx/kWh
16
NOx Tier II - 2011 (Global)
14
NOx Tier III - 2016 (NOx emission control areas)
12
10
8
6
4
2
rpm
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000
Sulphur levels
• Marine fuel in SECA area
– 0.1% = 1000 ppm
• Euro IV
– Max 50 ppm
• Euro V, City diesel
– Max 10 ppm
Sulphur levels
Presented by Sören Eriksson Preem at EffShip seminar 2010-11-16
EffShip – WP2
Present and Future Maritime Fuels
• HFO
• Biofuel
• LSHFO
• DME
• ULSHFO
• Methanol
• MDO
• Synthetic
• MGO
diesel
• LNG
Where can we find alternatives to HFO?
Geothermal, 265
Biofuels, 265
Wind, 398
Solar heat, 663
Biomass;
5 307
Solar photovoltic, 53
Marine transport
fuel consumption;
3 960
Hydro, 8,884
Nuclear;
7 326
Gas, 31,836
Coal, 39,336
Source: www.bp.com
EffShip – WP2
Present and Future Maritime Fuels
• LNG
– From natural gas
– Complicated distribution and storage system
• Methanol
– From natural gas, biomass, hydration of H2 and CO2
– Conventional distribution and storage systems
– Similar fuel characteristics as LNG
• DME
– From natural gas, biomass, hydration of H2 and CO2
– Similar storage and system distribution as LPG
– Better diesel fuel characteristics than methanol
• Gas to liquid, GTL
– From natural gas
– Multiple fraction fuel
– More expensive to produce than methanol
EffShip – WP3
Exhaust Gas Cleaning
• SOx
– Acidification , acid rain
• NOx
– Contribute to smog and increased levels of
ground-level ozone
• GHG
– Contributes to global warming
EffShip – WP3
Emissions
Fuel
15%
11%
Road traffic
Aviation
Shipping
73%
NOx
CO2
15%
SOx
27%
42%
12%
54%
73%
74%
5%
Data from Eyring et al. J Geophys Res 110 (2005) - Presented by Erik Fridell
1%
SO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO3 + H2O
Shaft power output
49.3%
Heat radiation 0.6%
Air cooler
14.1%
Exhaust gas 25.4%
Jacket water cooler 6.3%
Lube oil cooler 4.3%
EffShip – WP4
Energy Efficiency and Heat Recovery
Fuel energy
content
100%
EffShip – WP5
Energy Transformers
ORC 1
Thermal oil
EGB
Turbine Generator
Evaporator
Condense
r
500-1000 kW
Air intake
ORC 2
Jacket cooling out
Jacket cooling in
Compressed
air
Air cooling HT out
Compressed
and cooled air
Turbine Generator
Evaporator
Condense
r
250-500 kW
Air cooling HT in
LO
LO cool
COOLE
LO cool
R
Air cooling LT out
10 MW
Air cooling LT in
Lube oil
Central cooler
ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle)
EffShip – WP6
System Impact when Using Wind, Wave and Solar Energy
EffShip – WP6
System Impact when Using Wind, Wave and Solar Energy
EffShip – WP6
System Impact when Using Wind, Wave and Solar Energy
EffShip – WP7
Logistic system analysis
Short sea
Roro
Container
Tank
Bulk
Deep sea
Volumes
Liner service – tramp
Frequency
Ship size
Ship speed
Route planning
Contract size
Contract conditions
Demurrage
Cargo handling speed
EffShip – WP7
Order of relevance
1.
Logistic system
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2.
Selection of main parameters
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3.
Capacity and speed
Cargo handling
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4.
Utilization of ship
Time in port, speed at sea
Operation routines
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Speed profile, weather routing
5.
Hull shape
6.
Propeller size and propeller design
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Main engine selection
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Energy preservation and recovery
EffShip – WP8
Demonstration of Findings
Findings from WP 2 to WP7 to be implemented in the design of
14 000 DWT Short sea roro
80 000 DWT Product tanker
EffShip
• Expected results
– Identification and quantification of the best alternatives to
HFO operation
– Detailed knowledge of cost and complexity for the
installation and retrofitting of the best alternatives for
exhaust gas cleaning
– Detailed mapping of actual energy use and saving potential
in short sea and deep sea shipping operation
– Detailed knowledge of cost and complexity for the
installation and retrofitting of the and organic rankine
cycle, ORC generator
– Conceptual design and performance prediction of most
promising wind assistance system
EffShip
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Expected spin off projects
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The methanol alternative
• Large scale production for marine fuel
• Distribution system for marine fuel
• On board arrangement of tanks
Methanol to DME reformation
• Development of an online process
Methanol and DME operation
• Engine modifications
• Engine performance
Small scale flexible intermodal LNG transport and distribution system
• development of prototypes
SOx scrubber
• Installation of full scale prototype
ORC generator
• Installation of full scale prototype
Wind assistance system
• Conceptual design and performance prediction
• 1/5 scale prototype installation
EffShip
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EffShip projektet har som sin uttalade målsättning att konkret bidra till sjöfartens
utveckling vad det gäller bästa möjliga energieffektivitet och minsta möjliga
miljöpåverkan.
Deltagarna i Effship: SSPA, ScandiNAOS, Wärtsilä, S-MAN, DEC, Chalmers
Tekniska Högskola, StoraEnso, Göteborg Energi, Svenska Orient Linjen, Stena
Rederi representerar de flesta sektorer inom sjöfarten.
Bredden från design, akademi och underleverantörer via rederi till lastägare ger
projektet en unik möjlighet att både ha helhetsperspektivet – bredden och
detaljkompetensen – djupet, för att ta fram konkreta lösningar som för
utvecklingen framåt.
Thank you