POLISH AGRICULTURE
problems, solutions
and CAP Polish perspective
Poland agriculture after EU ascension
Agriculture is one of the sectors that profited
the most from the Polish accession to the EU. About
15% of the country’s labour force, what is equivalent
to 2.2 million full-time workers, is employed in farming,
thereby providing the biggest - 20% - share in EU27
employment in agricultural sector. Despite very high
level of employment, the effectiveness of Polish rural
workforce is very small, what is portrayed by the fact
that agriculture contribution to the Polish GDP is just
3%.
Problem 1
Lack of education among
FARMERS EDUCATION
farmers
PRIMARY
BASIC
SECONDARY
HIGHER
39%
25%
29%
7%
Solutions: Subsidies for educations, better
motivation of farmers.
Problem 2
Young people do not want to work in the
agricultural sector
Reason
- lack of perspectives for development in the
countryside also insufficient of subsidies
- low salary
Solution
- increased funding for young farmers
- promoting a healthy lifestyle
Problem 3
predominance of family farms and extensive typ of
farms
Reason
- family farms in Poland, 1 – 5 Ha, 50% of the total number
of farms, but there are using just 20% of farmland
- 20 hectares farm is 6% and use it 35% of farmland
Solution
- introduction of intensification of production through
specialization of farms and using IP
- maintain a balance between extensive and family farms
- conservation of biodiversity in small farms
Problem 4
too many middlemen between producer and
consumer, and a very low level of processing
Reason
- lack of cooperation between farmers
- lack of organizing farmers
Solution
- cooperation between the farmers themselves
- introduction of agricultural processing
- direct selling of products from farms
Problem 5
underdeveloped rural technical infrastructure
Characteristic
many of the existing paved roads require upgrading
and repair, access roads to agricultural land and
forest are in bad condition
Solution
- hardening of roads
- increase subsidies for rehabilitation of roads
Problem 6
implementation of technological advances to small
farms
Reason
- lack of money
- low production
- low sales
- no additional purchases
Solution
- increasing subsidies for small farms
- training system
- activating a credit line of less interest
- using of BAT technics to save water, energy,
material etc.
Main aims of CAP

helping in rational use of funds received by the agriculture and
businesses from the EU and the state and assigned to the Rural
Development Programme or to innovation and training etc. in
enterprises of the food industry

increasing competitiveness of Polish export of agri-food products
into foreign markets by promoting, informing and so on.

efficient combat against monopolistic practices on the domestic
food market applied mainly by translational trade and production
corporations,

active participation in the work of international institutions and EU
bodies because efficiency of lobbying for Poland and for the
development of the food industry will depend on diplomatic skills of
the government and its representatives in international institutions.
References:
www.minrol.gov.pl (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development)
www.arr.gov.pl (Agriculture Market Agency)
Kukula S., Krasowicz S. Glowne problemy i uwarunkowania
zrownowazonego rozwoju rolnictwa w Polsce. [w:] Problemy inzynierii
rolniczej. IUNG, 1, Pulawy,2007
-http://csm.org.pl/fileadmin/files/csm/RAPORTY/POLISH%20AGRICUL
TURE%20IN%20TH%20EU.pdf
-http://www.arr.gov.pl/data/400biuletyn_231-232_nr9-10_eng.pdf
-http://www.visegrad.info/agriculture-and-cap-reform/factsheet/presentand-future-of-common-agricultural-policy-in-visegrad.html
Thank you for your kind attention
Ester Kasza
Aneta Wójtowicz
Tomáš Glajza