Collaboration, Competition and the
Global Drivers of Research
Dr Wim J.N. Meester
Senior Product Manager
Moscow, 18 May 2010
Science is growing globally
Knowledge, networks and nations, The Royal Society, 2011
New global leaders are emerging
Countries ranked by output growth 1997-2007 (percentage)
“Today the dominant
position of the United
States in the international research and education
community is being challenged as never before.”
-American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Sharing in science
Scientists seek recognition for their work
There is one character trait . . . which is an intrinsic
part of a scientist’s culture, and which the public
image doesn’t often include: his extreme
egocentricity,
expressed
chiefly
in
his
overmastering desire for recognition by his
peers. No other recognition matters. And that
recognition comes in only one way. It doesn’t really
matter who you are or whom you know. You may
not even know those other scientists personally,
but they know you—through your publications.
Driver of collaboration and competition
Collaboration
Competition
Funding
Personal loyalties
Ideological, social and political forces
Publish or perish
Low-cost communication and travel
Personal gain
Funding
Personal antipathies
Ideological, social and political forces
Publish or perish
Drive for individual recognition
Personal gain
International collaboration rate
International collaboration is rising
globally
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Year
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
International collaboration is
field-dependent
International collaboration rate
Numbers denote number of articles (thousands) in each
subject area in 2008
International collaboration increases
citation impact
International collaboration leads to more
citations
Russia achieves more than three-fold publication impact
increase by collaborating with ‘country x’ (in 2008)
Who is looking at your research through
Scopus?
Rank
Institution
Country
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
University of Cambridge
Harvard University
Yale University
University College London
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Oxford
Imperial College London
University of Chicago
California Institute of Technology
Princeton University
Columbia University
University of Pennsylvania
Stanford University
Duke University
University of Michigan
Cornell University
Johns Hopkins University
ETH Zurich
McGill University
Australian National University
UK
US
US
UK
US
UK
UK
US
UK
US
US
US
US
US
US
US
US
Switzerland
Canada
Australia
And in Russia
How to use Scopus to promote your
journal’s authors?
Tools to increase collaboration based
on Scopus content
Evaluate research performance and make
informed strategic decisions
Tools to increase collaboration based
on Scopus content
Find experts and enable collaboration
SciVerse Scopus:
Content coverage and title selection
Dr Wim J.N. Meester
Senior Product Manager
Moscow, 18 May 2010
7 million researchers worldwide
1,5 million research articles
per year
3 articles published per minute
“Average researcher is
reading 300+ articles per year”
“Researchers can spend up
to 31% of time on content
related activities”
Scopus: Scanning the horizon for quality
research
Scopus: a broader view on Science
Broadest source for research answers

A rich and
extended
coverage
including



> 18,500
titles
Abstracts and citations from
> 5,000 publishers
4,4 Million conference papers
(10% of Scopus records)
“Articles in Press” from more than
3,750 titles
24 Million Patents
17,500
Peer reviewed journals





1,200 Open Access journals
80% of all Scopus records have an
abstract
Abstracts going back to 1823
40 languages covered
315 m integrated scientific websites
via Scirus
400
Trade journals
300
Book series
Breadth of coverage across
subject areas
Physical Sciences
6,350
Health Sciences
6,200
Social Sciences
5,900
Life Sciences
3,950
• Chemistry
• (100% Medline)
• Psychology
• Neuroscience
• Physics
• Nursing
• Economics
• Pharmacology
• Engineering
• Dentistry
• Business
• Biology
• etc.,
• etc.,
• A&H
• etc.,
• etc.,
More than 18,500 titles in Scopus, titles can be in more than one subject area
Breadth of coverage across
geographical areas
1,050
5,950
8,700
1,600
400
500
350
Wider coverage gives a more accurate picture of the research landscape
l
Breadth of coverage Russia
Number of documents in Scopus
with Russian country affiliation
in 2006 – 2010
Russian
187 Russian titles in Scopus
Other language
Publication types
BioPhysical Engineering Social Humanities All
Medicine Sciences
Sciences
Sciences
Adding other content types in subject areas where it matters most
Broader coverage than
nearest peer
Scopus (Total: 18,772)
Web of Science
(Total: 11,419)
8,234
10,538
881
“The Scopus
surplus”
www.jisc-adat.com
Broader coverage means more citations
In Thousands
Nearest peer
Scopus
Scopus has on average 10% more
citations per article
>7,000 citations for these examples
Number of citations to most cited articles in WoS and Scopus
Broader coverage = higher citations
Exponential growth of academic/scholarly
journals
90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
<1900 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s
Active refereed serials
Refereed serials
Active serials
All serials
Ulrichsweb.com June 2010
And new global leaders are emerging
45
49
25
-6
35
63
48
22
10
80
204
25
5
505
50
366
98
126
159
76
Low
growth rate
High
growth rate
Countries by research output growth rate (%) 1997-2007
But these new leaders have
relatively low citation rates
0.59
0.48
0.13
0.56
0.51
0.30
0.68
0.54
0.47
0.56
0.22
0.15
0.39
0.45
0.19
0.21
0.33
0.20
0.23
0.46
Low
citation rate
High
citation rate
Countries by average citation count in 2007
Quality selection by independent,
international board
Scopus new title suggestions
http://www.info.sciverse.com/scopus/scopus-in-detail/content-selection
Technical criteria
Eligibility
•
•
•
•
•
Peer-review
English abstracts
Regular publication
References in Roman script
Publication ethics and malpractice statement
Scopus selection criteria a combination
of quantitative and qualitative measures
Journal
policy
Quality of
content
Citedness
Regularity
Accessibility
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
English language abstracts available
All cited references in Roman alphabet
Convincing editorial concept/policy
Level of peer-review
Diversity in provenance of editors
Diversity in provenance of authors
Academic contribution to the field
Clarity of abstracts
Conformity with journal’s aims & scope
Readability of articles
Citedness of journal articles in Scopus
Citedness of editors in Scopus
No delay in publication schedule
Content available online
English-language journal home page
Quality of home page
Scopus Title Evaluation Process
Publisher
Suggest
Title
Input
Not for review
Feedback
decision
Rejection
+ reasons
N
Check against
pre-conditions
OK for
Review?
Y
Setup
content feed
Further enrich titles
N
Review title
Make
decision
External
Reviewer
CSAB
Y
Top 25 countries suggested titles
2008-2011
1200
Under review
Reviewed
1000
800
600
400
200
0
Not for review
(n=6156)
Top 25 countries reviewed titles (2011)
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
(n=232)
Accepted
Rejected
Scholarly titles from
the Russian Federation
(20%)
(13%)
Suggested for review
Under review by CSAB
Not accepted for review
Accepted
Rejected
Pro-active: Social Sciences and A&H
comparison study
ERIH
(5,186)
Francis
(2,344)
1,200
AERES
(5,116)
Cairn
(219)
Comprehensiveness
Adding Publishers’ archives (> 2,650 titles)
Planned:
Quality of content and Correctness
This is an “article
number”, not a Page
Number
New software is being installed to
match citations for journals that
use this publication method
Tools to improve user experience
Datasets
Thank You
Global competition has increased
dramatically
Countries ranked by published output (times 1,000 documents)
1997
2007
Scholarly titles from Spain
(14%)
(4%)
Suggested for review
Under review by CSAB
Not accepted for review
Accepted
Rejected
Local initiatives: FECYT (Spain)
Excellent
Scientific
quality
Formal quality
Basic quality
Pre-selection
Collaboration between Brazil,
Russia, India and China and the G7
(2004-2008)
Thank You