LAUNCH OF THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT
2013
11 April 2013
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
The rise of the South
Drivers of development transformation
Sustaining the momentum
Opportunities and priorities for a New
Era
• A closer look at Barbados
RISE OF THE SOUTH:
• GLOBAL REBALANCING
• EXPANSION OF HUMAN
CAPABILITIES AND CHOICES
GLOBAL REBALANCING
60
% Share of world output (PPP)
50
40
30
20
10
0
1820
1845
1870
Brazil, India, China
1895
1920
1945
1970
1995
2050
Germany, France, Italy, UK, US, Canada
REALIGNMENT OF WORLD TRADE
% share of world merchandise trade
60
50
40
South-South
30
North-North
20
10
0
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
RAPID HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
ACROSS THE GLOBE
1
Korea, Rep.
Chile
Brazil Mexico
Malaysia
Mauritius
Thailand Turkey
Tunisia
China
Indonesia
Viet Nam
Ghana
India
Lao PDR
Bangladesh
Uganda
Rwanda
HDI 2012
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
HDI 1990
0.8
1
MUCH HUMAN PROGRESS,
PARTICULARLY IN LOW HDI COUNTRIES
Avg. Annual Growth rate 2000-12
HDI Spread– highest vs. lowest
1
1.80
1.60
Norway
0.9
1.40
Bahrain
0.8
1.20
Croatia
Tonga
0.7
1.00
Tunisia
0.80
0.6
Congo
0.60
0.5
Swaziland
0.40
0.4
0.20
Niger
0.3
0.00
Very high HDI
High HDI
Medium HDI
Low HDI
Very high HDI
High HDI
Medium HDI
Low HDI
MASSIVE EXPANSION OF THE
GLOBAL MIDDLE CLASS
2010 (1.8 billion)
2020 (3.2 billion)
2030 (4.9 billion)
Europe and North America
Asia-Pacific
Central and South America
Rest of the World
INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
1800
Internet users (millions)
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
South
North
Why have some countries done better than
others?
What can we learn from them?
What are the common drivers?
 Proactive development states
 Tapping global markets
 Social policy innovation
PROACTIVE
DEVELOPMENTAL STATES
1
3
Commitment to
long-term human
development
Enhancing public
investment in health
and education
2
Actively promoting
4
Nurturing industrial
job creation
capacities
TAPPING GLOBAL MARKETS
1
3
Investment in
people to make the best
of trade opportunities
2
Expanding into non-
traditional markets
Investing in
infrastructure to
facilitate market access
SOCIAL POLICY INNOVATIONS
1
4
TURKEY
Health care for all
and targeting the
poor
3
2
MEXICO
BRAZIL
Expanding education
access by equalizing
funds across regions and
municipalities
Poverty reduction
through innovative cash
transfer programmes
ETHIOPIA
Productive Safety Nets
Programme for food
security and infrastructure
investment
5
JAMAICA
PATH: Impact on
children’s health and
school attendance
How can we sustain human development
for the generations to come?
Challenges
 Enhancing equity
 Promoting voice and
accountability
 Confronting environmental
challenges
 Aligning demography to policy
PROMOTING EQUITY, VOICE
AND ACCOUNTABILITY
1
3
Countries with less
inequality
do better
and improve more in
human development
Educated,
interconnected youth
demand greater
accountability
2
4
Equitable, quality
education are essential
to reduce gender inequality
and promote human
development
Participation and
inclusion essential to
stability and social
cohesion
CONFRONTING
ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES
COST OF INACTION:
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT ON POVERTY
ALIGNING DEMOGRAPHY TO
POLICY
1
3
Analysing
investment
2
according to population
Skills formation and
productivity gains can help cope
with a rapidly aging population
To reap a demographic dividend
and benefit from youth bulge, job
creation should have priority
THE RISE OF THE SOUTH:
OPPORTUNITIES
 Governance for a changed world
 New development partnerships
REDESIGN FOR A NEW ERA
1
3
COHERENT PLURALISM
Rise in regional institutions
and finance mechanisms
2
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
For fair representation and
shared responsibility, 20th
century institutions must
adapt to 21st century realities
MORE SPACE FOR NON
STATE ACTORS
Citizen networks and social
media can promote new
norms to reinforce
accountability of both state
and private actors
NEW INSTITUTIONS, NEW MECHANISMS
• Infrastructure
development banks
• New institutions can
facilitate regional
integration and SouthSouth relationships
• A new South Commission
$6.84 trillion
$3.36 trillion
PRIORITIES FOR A NEW ERA
•
Rising economic strength must be matched by a full
commitment to human development
•
LDCs can learn and benefit from the success of emerging
economies
•
Partnerships and institutions to facilitate South-south
cooperation
•
Greater representation for the South and CSOs can
accelerate progress on major global challenges
•
In a more connected world, the South continues to need
the North and the North now needs the South as well
A CLOSER LOOK AT
BARBADOS
HDI RANKINGS
HDI Rank
HDI Value
30
0.84
0.825
0.82
40
0.80
0.78
HDI Rank
50
0.76
0.760
60
0.745
0.745
0.74
0.733
0.725
70
0.72
0.70
80
0.68
90
Saint Kitts and
Nevis
0.66
Barbados
Grenada
Antigua and
Barbuda
HDI Rank
38
63
67
72
72
83
88
HDI Value
0.825
0.770
0.760
0.745
0.745
0.733
0.725
Countries
Dominica
Saint Vincent &
the Grenadines
Saint Lucia
HDI Value
0.770
BARBADOS HDI GROWTH TRENDS
0.9
0.85
0.79
0.8
0.798
0.797
0.808
0.809
0.821
0.823
0.824 0.825
0.76
0.75
0.706
0.7
0.65
Barbados
0.6
Barbados HDI Trend
Line
0.55
0.5
0.45
0.4
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2006
Years
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
BARBADOS
Figure 1: Trends in Barbados’s HDI
component indices 1980-2012
Poverty: 15.0
Indigence 6.9%
(Household)
Gini Coefficient:
0.47
(SLC 2010)
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IN
THE OECS
BARBADOS & REGIONAL HDI GROWTH TRENDS
0.9
0.85
0.79
0.8
0.798
0.797
0.808
0.809
0.821
0.823
0.824
0.825
0.76
0.75
0.708
0.706
0.7
0.715
0.722
0.729
0.73
0.736
0.739
0.741
0.683
Barbados
0.653
0.65
Latin America and the
Caribbean
World
0.623
0.6
0.6
0.574
Barbados HDI Trend Line
0.55
Latin America and
Caribbean HDI Trend Line
0.5
0.45
0.4
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2006
Years
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
BARBADOS AND MAURITIUS: COMMONALITIES IN DEVELOPMENT
PATH
Very high human development: Barbados, Chile, Argentina
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, NET INFLOWS (% OF GDP)
18
16.3
16
14
13.2
% of GDP
12
11.6
10
8
Foreign direct
Investment
6
4
2
0
0.3
1980
0.4
1985
0.7
1990
0.8
2000
2007
2009
2010
YOUTH AND INNOVATION
Internet users (per 100 people)
80
70
66.5
68.7
70
63
60
56.1
50
40
Internet users
(per 100
people)
30
20
10
4
0
2000
2005
2006
2008
2009
2010
DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS
DRIVERS FOR DEVELOPMENT
Drivers in the region
Barbados
Proactive states: job creation and nurturing industrial capacity
Niche markets
Role of innovation and technology
Expansion/diversification foreign
exchange base
Tapping global markets: aligning investment in people with investment
in infrastructure for increased market access and non-traditional
sectors
Integration into the global economy according to national
circumstances – this is critical for small economies
Foreign Direct Investments
Establishment of links to the global
network
Social policy innovation for addressing structural inequality and
enabling social mobility
Education - accessible, well
invested, constant revision and
improvement on public education
policy
Health – accessible
South-South Cooperation (Learn, showcase achievements)
Equity, voice & accountability
Investments in youth
Demographic evidence for policymaking
Beyond education access as a
measure of gender equality
Youth participation and action
The engagement of civil society
Youth
Aging population
Information and monitoring of demographic trends
Policy design and implementation
Climate change
Innovation and technology
(youth, energy
and environment)
Innovation, resilience
approach
to development
Voice and advocacy in international arena
Green planning
Voice in international forums
Adaptation and preservation
OPPORTUNITIES: AN IDEAL TIME TO
TALK NEW PARTNERSHIPS
• Post-2015
• SIDS 2014
• Opportunity to assess partnerships and
institutions
GOING FORWARD…
• Innovations in the South in areas such as social protection,
renewable energy and climate-friendly technologies hold
solutions that can be shared and used for the benefit of all
• Within this region alone, with Barbados maintaining its
presence in the very high human development category and
with all six OECS countries in the high human development
group, there are successes right here at home that can provide
lessons to be shared.
There are many opportunities, a need to innovate and think
differently, to explore new options. No one has a monopoly on
good ideas – we need to open up to new thinking, test, measure,
innovate and accelerate.