We do IT in power
Universidad Simón Bolívar
CIM Standard for Substation
Automation System
Praga, Monday, May 09, 2011
Prof. Veronika Brundula (Universidad Simón Bolívar)
Janko Blatnik (GDB d.o.o.)
1
What role are having Substations inside the Smart
Grid?
Universidad Simón Bolívar
To achieve the Smart Grid vision of near–real time information, a
transformation of the power grid communication infrastructure
is needed, particularly in transmission and distribution
substations.
The existing supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
remote terminal unit (RTU) systems located inside the substation
cannot scale and evolve to support next generation intelligence.
New substation automation SCADA system is based on flexible
IEC 61850 standards for communication and integration of new
smart IED and IEC 61970/61968 for the integration into the
control center.
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What role are having Substations inside the Smart
Grid?
Universidad Simón Bolívar
The migration towards this future smart substation is taking
place because of:
the need to reduce the operational costs
to bring more intelligence and automation into the future
power grid
to comply with new regulatory requirements like NERC-CIP
(North American Electric Reliability Corporation - Critical
Infrastructure Protection) or UCTE - Operation Handbook
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What are CIM and IEC 61850?
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CIM … Common Information Model is the set of IEC 61970 and
IEC 61968 standards for control center data.
It enables interoperability and operation of the interconnected
power systems
IEC 61850 … standard for substation data.
It enables interoperability at substation level.
Both standards use XML for data presentation.
Both standards are under the jurisdiction of IEC TC57 working
groups (http://cimug.ucaiug.org ). That gives them the same
logic and makes then “compatible”.
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How to design and build a new smart substation or
renew an existing one to make it “Smart Grid ready”?
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IP communications
Open standards like CIM and IEC 61850
Interoperability between different vendors
Full redundancy
Components are having integrated communication devices
GOOSE messaging
IEC 61850 station bus
IEC 61850 process bus
And with CIM we get Unified data model
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How to design and build a new smart substation or
renew an existing one to make it “Smart Grid ready”?
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SAS architecture
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CIM XML
WEB Editor
Power system model
importer/exporter
Power system model
Browser/Editor
WEB Reporting Services
& WEB SCADA
GDA
WEB Work
Flow (WWF)
HSDA
CIB (CIM Integration Bus)
Syncronizer
RDBMS
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Technologies to use for SAS
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CIM integration Bus (CIB), is message bus based on OpenESB or
WCF (Windows Communication Foundation).
GID (Generic Interface Definition) are public APIs for CIB.
GDA-Generic Data Access (IEC 61970-403)
HSDA-High Speed Data Access (IEC 61970-404).
CIB also supports N+1 redundancy of the system
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Generic Data Acces – GDA (IEC 61970-403)
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IEC 61970-403 Generic Data Access (GDA) defines services that
are needed to access public entity objects for the power system
domain that are defined in the IEC 61970-3xx series: Common
Information Model (CIM).
GDA permits a client to access data maintained by another
component (either an application or database) or system
without any knowledge of the logical schema used for internal
storage of the data
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Data flow (GDA)
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CIM XML
File
XML Parser
GDA Client
WEB Visual
Editor
XML Parser
GDA Client
SCADA Broker
XML Parser
GDA Client
AMI Broker
XML Parser
GDA Client
GDA
CIB
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High Speed Data Acces – HSDA (IEC 61970-404)
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IEC 61970-404 specifies an interface for the efficient transfer of
data in a distributed environment. Small amounts of data are
transferred with short delay but also large amounts of data are
transferred in short time but with possibly longer delay. This is a
typical requirement for a SCADA system that acts as a real time
data provider to other sub-systems.
Other systems than SCADA may also benefit from the
characteristics of HSDA. When short delay times as well as bulk
data transfer is required, HSDA is a good fit.
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Data flow (HSDA)
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Visual Editor
SCADA Broker
XML Parser
XML Parser
HSDA Client
HSDA Client
AMI Broker
XML Parser
HSDA Client
HSDA
OpenESB
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Benifits of suppoted technologies
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SOA architecture
Open standards
Integrated support for HTTP and web services
Imata vgrajena komponente, ki omogočajo avtomatično
transformacijo in povezovanje.
OpenESB supports BPEL
WCF has integrated the WWF
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Performances
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Measurement
Resutls
Performance
<2s for average request
Data flow
Up to 500 requests per
one 4 CPUserver
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Redundancy
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WCF supports N+1 redundancy
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Redundancy
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Security
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Encripted and compresed messages
Avtentification based on username/passowrd or X.509
certificate
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Interoperability
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WCF is based on web services, defined in WS-*.
WS-* standards have been developed by different vendors like
Microsoft, IBM, SUN... And today they are under the OASIS
jurisdiction.
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Interoperability
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Interoperability
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Metadata: The Web Services Description Language (WSDL) defines a
standard language for specifying services and various aspects of how
those services can be used. WS-Policy allows specification of more
dynamic aspects of a service's behaviour that cannot be expressed in
WSDL, such as a preferred security option. WS-MetadataExchange
allows a client to request descriptive information about a service, such
as its WSDL and its policies, via SOAP. Beginning with the .NET
Framework 4 release, WCF also supports WSDiscovery. This broadcastbased protocol lets an application find services available elsewhere on
its local network.
Reliability: WS-ReliableMessaging defines additions to the SOAP
header that allow reliable end-to-end communication, even when one
or more SOAP intermediaries must be traversed.
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Interoperability
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Transactions: Built on WS-Coordination, WS-AtomicTransaction
allows using two-phase commit transactions with SOAP-based
exchanges.
21
Integration mechanism and data flow of IEC 61850
and CIM
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22
Integration mechanism and data flow of IEC 61850
and CIM
Universidad Simón Bolívar
To be able to use CIM and IEC 61850 together we need to design mapping
rules between CIM and IEC 61850.
As we can see IEC 61850 and CIM representation the mapping is not too
complicated:
The breaker elements are the same in both standards
Logical node associated with breaker is analogous to the CIM Discrete Value
object
The terminals associated with breaker are the same in both standards
The “Connectivity Node, Terminal of Busbar and the Busbar” elements of
the CIM standard are mapped to the “Connectivity node” of the IEC61850
standard.
When we established the mapping rule we have a very good base for the
integral solution.
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Integration of IEC 61850 and CIM
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Integration of IEC 61850 and CIM
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As we can see, the integration of both standards gives us integral solution of
Substation Automation System and Control Center.
Each parameter can be entered into the system exactly once.
The CID configuration files from IEDs are imported into the SAS.
That import procedure builds up the SAS model.
SAS model is exported as CIM-XML file and imported into the CIM compliant control
center. That import builds up the power network model in control center.
That can be also achieved automatically (on event) if the SAS and control center
supports GDA API interface defined in IEC 61970-403.
Real-time data between IEDs and SAS uses the IEC 61850 standard.
For the communication between control center and SAS many standards can be
used.
Most commonly used standards are DNP 3.0 and IEC 60870-5-104. In the future we
can expect that either IEC 61850 or HSDA defined in IEC 61970-404 will be used on
that level.
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Plug & Play Substation
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Integration of IEC 61850 and CIM (IEC 61970/61968) gives us “Plug
& Play” substation automation system
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Distributed control center
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That solution gives us so called “Distributed control center” solution.
Every substation automation controller is part of the cluster connected
with CIM based middleware
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Benefits of Smart Substation
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New smart substations have fully redundant design.
All components are having integrated communication devices.
Instead of old fashion hard wire solution between secondary and primary
equipment, a new IEC 61850 IP based process bus is taking its place.
Instead of serial point to point communication IEC 61850 IP based station bus is
taking its place.
Instead of hard wire for inter IED communication (interlocking …), IEC 61850 GOOSE
messaging is used.
The configuration of IEDs is standardized with IEC 61850 and can be imported into
the station controller as CID file for each IED.
Most of the hard wires in substations are replaced with IP communication.
Adding new smart primary equipment is simply adding a new IP device into the IP
network, same as with secondary equipment.
The complete model of a substation can be transferred into the control center as
CIM-XML file or through GDA-Generic Data Access API using the CIM standards IEC
61970/61968. GDA even supports that every change in the configuration of station
controller is automatically transferred to the control center.
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CIM Client
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WEB Scada
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CIM based enterprise solution
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WEB.SCADA
WEB.AMI
SCADA/DMS
AMR
Klicni
Center
CIM Integration Platform
Open Meter API,
Google Meter API
GDB.DAQ
PROCESS LAN
WEB Services
(Proprietary)
HSDA, GDA
DC
S-FSK PLC
WEB.DC
CIM Integration
Bus
IEC 101, 104
DNP 3.0
WEB.SAS
IEC 101, 104 GDA, CIM-XML,
IEC 61850, 101, 103
HSDA
DNP 3.0
WEB.SAS
S-FSK PLC
DLMS
G3-PLC, ZigBee
DLMS
SAS
IEC 61850, 101, 103
IEC 61850, 101, 103
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IP Meter
Conclusion
Universidad Simón Bolívar
CIM and IEC 61850 offer us an open cost effective solution.
Both standards has been worldwide accepted by different
utilities and manufactures. Both standards, each for its level,
offers interoperability, free configuration, cost effectiveness,
scalability and reliability.
The integration of both levels, substation and control center is
indispensable. Both standards are becoming the facts as the
utilities are migrating to the open and network solution for
their SAS and control centers.
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Universidad Simón Bolívar
THANKS
Universidad Simón Bolívar
Sartenejas, Baruta,
Edo. Miranda
Apartado 89000
Caracas Venezuela
Tel: +58 412 9800 358
vbrundula@usb.ve
GDB d.o.o.
Tehnološki park 24
1000 Ljubljana
Slovenia-EU
Tel: +386 59 0322 45
Fax: +386 59 0322 46
E-mail: cim@gdb.si
www.gdb.si
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