Before Reading
Global Reading
1. Watch and Speak
2. Listen and Write
3. Watch and Role-play
4. Listen and Speak
5. Warm-up Questions
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Watch and Speak
Directions: Watch the video clip, choose one of the American presidents and talk
about what he has done that made him related to “freedom”.
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Before Reading
Global Reading
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Listen and Write
Directions: Listen to the speech of Franklin D. Roosevelt and fill in the blanks
according to what you hear.
In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world
founded upon four essential human freedoms.
freedom of speech and expression — everywhere in the world.
The first is ____________________________
第一是在全世界任何地方发表言论和表达意见的自由。
The second is _________________________________
freedom of every person to worship God in his own way —
everywhere in the world.
第二是在全世界任何地方，人人有以自己的方式来崇拜上帝的自由。
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Listen and Write
The third is ________________
freedom from want , which, translated into world terms, means
economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime
life for its inhabitants — everywhere in the world.
第三是不虞匮乏的自由——这种自由，就世界范围来讲，就是一种经济上的融洽关系，
它将保证全世界每一个国家的居民都过健全的、和平时期的生活。
The fourth is _______________
freedom from fear , which, translated into world terms, means
a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough
fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical
aggression against any neighbor — anywhere in the world.
第四是免除恐惧的自由——这种自由，就世界范围来讲，就是世界性的裁减军备，要以
一种彻底的方法把它裁减到这样的程度：务使世界上没有一个国家有能力向全世界任何
地区的任何邻国进行武力侵略。
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Watch and Role-play
Directions:
Imagine you were a passenger of Mayflower — Remember Allerton.
After watching the video clip, try to make a dialogue between
Remember Allerton and her parents about why and how they went
to Plymouth. Besides using the materials in the video clip, you can
also add something imagined.
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Listen and Speak
Directions: Listen to the introduction of the author Seymour St. John and
answer the following questions.
The Rev. Seymour St. John, who, as headmaster of the Choate School,
steered it through turbulent changes in the 1960’s and early 70’s, including its
merger with Rosemary Hall in 1971, died on Monday at his home on Jupiter
Island, Florida. He was 94. His wife, Marie, said he died in his sleep.
Born on the Choate campus in Wallingford, Conn., he seemed to have the
school in his genes; his father, George St. John, was headmaster from 1908 to
1947.
In 1947, after a two-year search, he was chosen to succeed his father, and
he served as headmaster for 26 years. Though some outsiders derided “the St.
John dynasty,” there was widespread agreement in the Choate community that
Seymour St. John was the best-qualified candidate.
“The St. John family occupied 68 of the 110 years of the school’s history,
and I know of no other school with that length of service by a single family,”
Edward Shanahan, the current headmaster, said. “Seymour was an intellectual,
an athlete and well respected by the faculty.”
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Listen and Speak
1. Who is Seymour St. John?
He was the headmaster of the Choate School.
2. How old was he when he died?
94.
3. Did he die from a disease?
No, he died in his sleep.
4. Who was his father?
His father, George St. John, was headmaster from 1908 to 1947.
5. How long did he serve as headmaster?
26 years.
6. How long is the history of the Choate School?
110 years.
After Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
Warm-up Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is your definition of freedom?
What kind of freedom do you cherish most?
How do you think we should treat students of different abilities?
Do you think students should be granted the right to failure?
After Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
1. Part Division of the Text
2. Further Understanding
For Part 1
Speech
For Part 2
Speech
Celebrity Anecdotes
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Part Division of the Text
Parts
Paragraphs
Main Ideas
1
1-2
Americans are in danger of losing the fifth
freedom.
2
3-9
Americans have begun to lose the fifth freedom
due to three misunderstandings.
Before Reading
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After Reading
Speech
Directions: Divide the class into groups. Each group prepares a speech which
includes: why people came to America; what are the freedoms
Americans still cherish today; what the fifth freedom is.
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Speech
Directions: Divide the class into groups. Each group prepares a speech which can
explain one of the three misunderstandings.
Before Reading
Global Reading
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Celebrity Anecdotes
Directions: Divide the class into groups. Each group prepares an anecdote of the
celebrities mentioned in paragraph 7.
Before Reading
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After Reading
Beginning with the earliest pioneers, Americans have always highly valued
their freedoms, and fought hard to protect them. And yet, the author points out
that there is a basic freedom which Americans are in danger of losing.
What is this endangered freedom? For what reasons could freedom-loving
Americans possibly let this freedom slip away? And what steps can they take to
protect it — their fifth freedom?
Before Reading
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The Fifth Freedom
Seymour St. John
More than three centuries ago a handful of
pioneers crossed the ocean to Jamestown and
Plymouth in search of freedoms they were unable to
find in their own countries, the freedoms we still
cherish today: freedom from want, freedom from fear,
freedom of speech, freedom of religion. Today the
descendants of the early settlers, and those who have
joined them since, are fighting to protect these
freedoms at home and throughout the world.
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And yet there is a fifth freedom — basic to those four — that we are in danger
of losing: the freedom to be one’s best. St. Exupéry describes a ragged, sensitivefaced Arab child, haunting the streets of a North African town, as a lost Mozart: he
would never be trained or developed. Was he free?
“No one grasped you by the
shoulder while there was still time; and nought will awaken in you the sleeping poet
or musician or astronomer that possibly inhabited you from the beginning.” The
freedom to be one’s best is the chance for the development of each person to his
highest power.
How is it that we in America have begun to lose
this freedom, and how can we regain it for our
nation’s youth? I believe it has started slipping away
from us because of three misunderstandings.
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First, the misunderstanding of the meaning of democracy. The principal of a
great Philadelphia high school is driven to cry for help in combating the notion that
it is undemocratic to run a special program of studies for outstanding boys and girls.
Again, when a good independent school in Memphis recently closed, some
thoughtful citizens urged that it be taken over by the public school system and used
for boys and girls of high ability, that it have entrance
requirements and give an advanced program of studies
to superior students who were interested and able to
take it. The proposal was rejected because it was
undemocratic! Thus, courses are geared to the middle
of the class. The good student is unchallenged, bored.
The loafer receives his passing grade. And the lack of
an outstanding course for the outstanding student, the
lack of a standard which a boy or girl must meet, passes
for democracy.
Before Reading
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The second misunderstanding concerns what makes for happiness. The
aims of our present-day culture are avowedly ease and material well-being:
shorter hours; a shorter week; more return for less accomplishment;
more
softsoap excuses and fewer honest, realistic demands. In our schools this is
reflected by
the vanishing hickory stick and the emerging psychiatrist. The
hickory stick had its faults, and the psychiatrist has his strengths. But the trend
is clear.
Tout comprendre c’est tout pardonner (To
understand everything is to excuse everything). Do we really
believe that our softening standards bring happiness? Is it
our sound and considered judgment that the tougher subjects
of the classics and mathematics should be thrown aside, as
suggested by some educators, for doll-playing? Small
wonder that Charles Malik, Lebanese delegate at the U.N.,
writes:
“There is in the West” (in the United States) “a
general weakening of moral fiber. (Our) leadership does not
seem to be adequate to the unprecedented challenges of the
age.”
Before Reading
Global Reading
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The last misunderstanding is in the area of values.
Here are some of the most influential tenets of teacher
education over the past fifty years: there is no eternal
truth; there is no absolute moral law; there is no God. Yet
all of history has taught us that
the denial of these
ultimates, the placement of man or state at the core of
the universe, results in a paralyzing mass selfishness;
and the first signs of it are already frighteningly evident.
Arnold Toynbee has said that all progress, all development come from
challenge and a consequent response. Without challenge there is no response, no
development, no freedom. So first we owe to our children the most demanding,
challenging curriculum that is within their capabilities. Michelangelo did not learn to
paint by spending his time doodling. Mozart was not an accomplished pianist at the
age of eight as the result of spending his days in front of a television set. Like Eve
Curie, like Helen Keller, they responded to the challenge of their lives by a
disciplined training: and they gained a new freedom.
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The second opportunity we can give our boys and girls is the right to failure.
“Freedom is not only a privilege, it is a test,” writes De Nouy. What kind of a test is it,
what kind of freedom where no one can fail?
The day is past when the United
States can afford to give high school diplomas to all who sit through four years of
instruction, regardless of whether any visible results can be discerned. We live in a
narrowed world where we must be alert, awake to realism; and realism demands a
standard which either must be met or result in failure. These are hard words, but
they are brutally true. If we deprive our children of the right to fail we deprive them
of their knowledge of the world as it is.
Finally, we can expose our children to the best values we have found. By
relating our lives to the evidences of the ages, by judging our philosophy in the light
of values that history has proven truest, perhaps we shall be able to produce that
“ringing message, full of content and truth, satisfying the mind, appealing to the
heart, firing the will, a message on which one can stake his whole life.” This is the
message that could mean joy and strength and leadership — freedom as opposed
to serfdom.
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“No one grasped you by the shoulder while there was still time; and nought will
awaken in you the sleeping poet or musician or astronomer that possibly
inhabited you from the beginning.”
Paraphrase the sentence.
“When you were still young, nobody gave you the help you needed to
develop your artistic or intellectual talents and now you will never have the
chance to become a poet or musician or astronomer, though you might have
been born with a great talent for such pursuits.”
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The principal of a great Philadelphia high school is driven to cry for help in
combating the notion that it is undemocratic to run a special program of studies
for outstanding boys and girls.
Translate the sentence.
费城的一所名牌中学为一些出类拔萃的学生实施一份特殊的教学大纲竟被视为不民主，
结果校长被迫大声疾呼，要求人们一起来与这种观念作斗争。
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And the lack of an outstanding course for the outstanding student, the lack of a
standard which a boy or girl must meet, passes for democracy.
1. What does “pass for” mean in this sentence?
It means “be mistakenly accepted or considered as”.
2. Translate the sentence.
没有为优秀学生开设的高水平课程，没有一个所有学生都必须达到的标准，反而被认为
是民主。
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… more softsoap excuses and fewer honest, realistic demands.
Paraphrase the sentence.
Rather than make honest, realistic demands on their children, students,
employees, etc., parents, teachers, employers, etc. would excuse their poor
performance leniently.
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… the vanishing hickory stick and the emerging psychiatrist.
1. What does “the hickory stick” and “the psychiatrist” respectively refer to?
“The hickory stick” is suggestive of a severe teacher; “the psychiatrist” is
symbolic of the educator who excuses children by saying they have
psychological problems.
2. What does the author mean here?
What the author means here is that American schools are now becoming
more and more permissive and tolerant and do not set strict demands on
students.
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Tout comprendre c’est tout pardonner (To understand everything is to excuse
everything).
Why does the author cite this French saying here?
This French saying is cited here as representative of the current trend that if
you know all the circumstances that have led to somebody doing something
wrong, you will no longer wish to punish him.
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“There is in the West” (in the United States) “a general weakening of moral fiber.”
Translate the sentence.
“在西方”（在美国）“道德品质正在普遍削弱。”
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(Our) leadership does not seem to be adequate to the unprecedented challenges
of the age.
Paraphrase the sentence.
It seems that (our) leaders are not strong enough or competent enough to
deal with the new challenges of the present age.
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... the denial of these ultimates, the placement of man or state at the core of
the universe, results in a paralyzing mass selfishness;
Paraphrase the sentence.
... the refusal to believe in these fundamental principles or facts, the placement
of one’s own interests or the interests of a state at the very center of the
universe, will inevitably cause people to become selfish and this selfishness
will make it impossible to run the world efficiently.
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The day is past when the United States can afford to give high school diplomas
to all who sit through four years of instruction, regardless of whether any visible
results can be discerned.
Paraphrase the sentence.
The United States no longer gives high school diplomas to all the students
who finish four years of instruction, no matter whether he or she meets the
standard or not.
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By relating our lives to the evidences of the ages, by judging our philosophy in
the light of values that history has proven truest, perhaps we shall be able to
produce that “ringing message, full of content and truth, satisfying the mind,
appealing to the heart, firing the will, a message on which one can stake his
whole life.”
1. What does “in the light of” mean here?
It means “according to”.
2. Translate the sentence.
把我们的生活跟各个时代的事实联系起来，以历史所证实的最正确的价值观来评价我们
的人生观，也许这样我们就能使他们得到那种“时时在耳边回响的启示，这启示内容丰
富，闪烁着真理的光辉；令人心悦诚服，感人至深而又激发斗志，让人终生受用不尽。”
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descendant: n.
someone who is related to a person who lived a long time ago, or to a family, a
group of people, etc. that existed in the past
He was a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The coastal areas were occupied by the descendants
of Greek colonists.
他是维多利亚女王的后裔。
He is a descendant of Queen Victoria.
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ragged: adj.
(of clothes) old and torn; (of people) wearing old or torn clothes
Although he wore ragged clothes, he was not particularly dirty.
It tells the story of an old man who has an old, ragged hat with holes in it.
The brim of his ragged hat hung down and nearly
blocked his entire face.
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inhabit: vt.
if animals or people inhabit an area or place, they live there
The woods are inhabited by many wild animals.
Woodpeckers inhabit hollow trees.
Who knows what dark fears inhabit the mind of a madman.
谁知道一个狂人的内心里有着什么神秘的恐惧感。
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drive: vt.
force someone into a usually unpleasant condition or undesirable course of action
Poverty and hunger drove them to steal.
The pain nearly drove her mad.
连续的失败使他陷于绝望。
Continual failure drove him to despair.
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combat: vt.
fight or struggle against
To combat inflation, the government raised interest rates.
The police are now using computers to help combat crime.
CF: combat, fight & struggle
这些动词均有“战斗、对抗”之意。
combat 除了泛指“与……战斗”之外，还可以在新闻报道中表示防止坏事情变得更糟糕。
最普通用词，含义广，指用暴力对抗。
fight
struggle 指进行激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争去获得某件东西。
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Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where
necessary.
1. Britain ______
fought against the US in the War of Independence; the Americans
were _______
fighting to gain their freedom.
2. The government hasn’t worked out the effectual measures to _______
combat
unemployment.
3. She’s ________
struggling to bring up a family alone.
4. Drastic measures were taken to combat
______ inflation.
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notion: n.
an idea, belief, or opinion
She had only a vague notion of what she wanted to do.
The traditional notion of marriage goes back thousands of years.
我不知道这意味着什么。
I have no notion of what it means.
Collocation:
have a good notion of
have no notion of
have a notion that …
很懂得
不明白；完全不懂
认为
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superior: adj.
1) of high quality
This handbag is made of superior leather.
2) better, more powerful, more effective, etc. than a similar
person or thing, especially one that you are competing
against
这家西餐馆比我们上星期去的那一家好。
This western restaurant is superior to the one we went to last week.
Pattern:
superior to
Your computer is far superior to mine.
NB: Antonym: inferior
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be geared to sb. / sth.:
be organized in a way that is suitable for a particular purpose or situation
The typical career pattern was geared to men whose wives didn’t work.
Education should be geared to the children’s needs and abilities.
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pass for sb. / sth.:
be (mistakenly) accepted or considered as
With my hair cut short, I could have passed for a boy.
I can’t imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel! The service is
dreadful.
His English is so good that he could pass for a native.
你可以冒充十几岁的人。
You could pass for a teenager.
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concern: vt.
be about
This study concerns couples’ expectations of marriage.
The report concerns the drug traffic on the Mexican-US border.
This article concerns a man who was wrongly imprisoned.
这篇文章写的是一个被误抓入狱的人。
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well-being: n.
a feeling of being comfortable, healthy, and happy
A good meal promotes a feeling of well-being.
We are responsible for the care and well-being of all our patients.
The warm sunny weather always gives me a sense of well-being.
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realistic: adj.
judging and dealing with situations in a practical way according to what is actually
possible rather than what you would like to happen
It’s just not realistic to expect a promotion so soon.
You need to be realistic about the amount you can do in a day.
They were much more realistic about its long-term commercial prospects.
NB: Antonym: unrealistic
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delegate: n.
someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for a
group
Around 350 delegates attended the conference.
She was our delegate at the party conference.
CF: delegate, deputy & representative
这些名词均有“代表、代理人”之意。
一般指被派参加某一会议的代表。
delegate
指上级授权代理行事的代表，特指被选择为执行全部或部分公务的人。
deputy
representative 一般指被选举或委派代表某人或一些人或某个较大团体的人，其职务有时是较
长期的。
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Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where
necessary.
1. You can talk with my ______
deputy during my absence.
2. Mary is a workers’ representative
___________ on the board.
3. He was elected as a ________
delegate to the annual conference.
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influential: adj.
having a lot of influence and therefore having the power to change / impact /
influence the way people think and behave
It is a highly influential art magazine.
Dewey was influential in shaping economic policy.
Bob Dylan was listed as one of TIME Magazine’s 100 most influential
people of the 20th century.
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eternal: adj.
lasting forever; without beginning or end
Do you believe in eternal life?
Rome has been called the Eternal City.
我不能忍受他们争吵不休。
I couldn’t stand their eternal quarrelling.
Collocation:
eternal truth
eternal triangle
永恒的真理
三角恋爱
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denial: n.
refusal to admit the truth of a statement or to grant sth. asked for
Your denial of his request hurt him.
The government has issued a firm denial of this rumor.
The prisoner repeated denials of the charges against him.
Collocation:
give a denial to
a flat denial
否认，拒绝
断然否认
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ultimate:
n. fundamental principle; final point or result
This car is the ultimate in luxury.
adj. fundamental; final; greatest
Hard work is the ultimate source of success.
Our ultimate objective is the removal of all nuclear weapons.
He gave his life and thereby paid the ultimate price.
太阳是能量的最基本来源。
The sun is the ultimate source of energy.
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Collocation:
ultimate objective
最终目标
ultimate truth
最终真理
ultimate deterrent
最后威慑力量（指核武器）
ultimate principle
基本原理
ultimate production
总产量
ultimate yield
（加工后产品的）最终收率
the ultimate ends of the world
天涯海角
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paralyze: vt.
make powerless or unable to act, move or function
Her legs were partly paralyzed in the crash.
Fear of unemployment is paralyzing the economy.
The electricity failure paralyzed the water supply.
停电使供水陷于瘫痪。
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consequent: adj.
following as a result
Severe flooding was consequent on the heavy rain.
A severe flood struck the city and there was a consequent shortage of food.
Competition in the market has led to goods being produced cheaply
and a consequent deterioration in quality.
市场上的竞争导致了商品的廉价生产，随之质量也下降了。
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curriculum: n.
the subjects that are taught by a school, college, etc., or the things that are studied
in a particular subject
IT is now on the curriculum in most schools.
Languages are an essential part of the school curriculum.
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regardless: adj.
without being affected or influenced by something
Pattern:
regardless of
The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or sex.
不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。
I’ll take the job regardless of the pay.
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discern: vt.
see, notice, or understand, esp. with difficulty; perceive
He was just able to discern the road in the dark.
Officials were keen to discern how much public support there was.
我马上察觉出那人在撒谎。
I soon discerned that the man was lying.
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CF: discern, discriminate & distinguish
这些动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。
语义较笼统，强调进行精深与准确的观察，不一定有能分辨关系密切的各项事
物的含义。
discriminate 语气强，指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异，尤其把好坏区分开来。
distinguish 普通用词，指辨别者依靠能力或通过实际观察发现区别，强调辨别所需的技巧。
discern
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where
necessary.
1. Can you __________
discriminate good books from bad ones?
2. In the gloom I could only discern
______ the outline of a building.
3. I can distinguish
_________ my roommates by their footsteps.
4. One can faintly discern
______ the flavor of lemons.
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relate: vt.
connect in thought or meaning
The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
It is difficult to relate cause and effect in this case.
Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state
of mind?
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stake: vt.
risk losing something that is valuable or important to you on the result of
something
He staked all his money on the risky business.
Jim staked his whole fortune on one card game.
我已经把我所有的希望都寄托在你身上了。
I have staked all my hopes on you.
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oppose: vt.
set oneself against; set up against
They opposed the government’s new policies.
Don’t oppose your will against mine.
Pattern:
as opposed to sth.:
used to compare two things and show that they are different from each other
This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.
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CF: oppose, protest & resist
这些动词均含“反对”之意。
oppose 是普通用词，含义广，多指反对一些较重大的事，隐含其正当性。例如：
Our members opposed making concessions on the safety question.
我们的成员反对在安全问题上让步。
protest 一般指通过言语、文字或行为表示出强烈的抗议、反对。例如：
Demonstrators protested outside the country’s embassies all over Europe.
该国驻欧洲各国的大使馆外都有群众进行示威抗议。
resist
指用力量或意志抵抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。例如：
The city resisted the enemy onslaught for two weeks.
这个城市反抗敌人的猛攻达两个星期之久。
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Global Reading
1. Useful Expressions
2. Blank Filling
3. Vote for the Best Definition
4. Discussion
5. Picture Talking
6. Writing Practice
7. Proverbs and Quotations
Detailed Reading
After Reading
Before Reading
1. 少数
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Useful Expressions
a handful of
2. 寻求自由
in search of freedom
3. 免于匮乏的自由
freedom from want
4. 免于恐惧的自由
freedom from fear
5. 国内和全世界
at home and throughout the world
6. 面临着丧失的危险
in danger of losing
7. 达到自己最佳水平的自由
the freedom to be one’s best
8. 从某人身边悄悄溜走
slip away from sb.
9. 被迫大声呼救
be driven to cry for help
10. 接管
take over
11. 私立学校
independent school
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12. 公立学校
public school
13. 入学要求
entrance requirements
14. 被认为民主
pass for democracy
15. 弃之一边
throw aside
16. 道德品质
moral fiber
17. 时代所提出的前所未有的挑战
the unprecedented challenges of the age
18. 永恒的真理
eternal truth
19. 绝对的道德准则
absolute moral law
20. 毁灭性的、无处不在的自私自利
paralyzing mass selfishness
21. 最富有挑战性的课程
the most challenging curriculum
22. 造诣颇深的钢琴家
an accomplished pianist
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23. 在电视机前
in front of a television set
24. 严格的训练
a disciplined training
25. 剥夺孩子的失败权
deprive our children of the right to fail
26. 让人终生受用不尽
stake one’s whole life on sth.
Before Reading
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Blank Filling
Directions: Fill in each blank in the following paragraph with the appropriate
words and phrases from the text.
More than 300 years ago, a few pioneers came to where it is now America
in search of freedom. Although the early settlers’ descendants
___________ are still fighting
______________
freedom to be
to protect the four freedoms now, they are losing the fifth freedom: the
one’s
best . I believe the loss of this freedom is due to three ________________.
_________
misunderstandings
The first misunderstanding is about the meaning of democracy
_________ . The lack of an
outstanding course for the __________
outstanding student and the lack of a standard which
a boy or girl must meet _______
pass for democracy. The second misunderstanding
concerns what makes for _________
happiness . We believe that our softening standards
bring happiness and tougher subjects should be thrown
__________
away . The third
_____ .
misunderstanding is in the area of values
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Vote for the Best Definition
Directions: Divide the class into groups. Each group tries to give a definition of
freedom, democracy, and happiness and find evidence to support their
definitions. Finally the whole class vote for the best definition of freedom,
democracy and happiness.
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Discussion
Directions: Divide the class into groups. Each group chooses a topic for discussion,
and one of the group members will summarize the group’s major opinions.
1. Softening standards bring happiness.
2. Challenge is essential for one’s development.
3. Freedom is not only a privilege, it is a test.
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Picture Talking
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Writing Practice — Précis Writing
1. A Brief Introduction
A précis is a clear, orderly, concise, boiled-down summary which preserves
the organization and principal content of the original. A précis is shorter than the
original, usually about a fourth to a third as long.
To write an effective précis, you must identify yourself with the author. This
technique requires careful reading and thoughtful selection of words. Follow the
steps below to accomplish this task:
1. Read the passage carefully and make sure that you understand completely
what the author is saying.
2. Underline the main points.
3. Transfer these points onto rough paper, using your own words as far as
possible.
4. Link up the main points into logical sentences.
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5. Compare your version with the text and make sure you haven’t missed any
points.
6. Count the number of words and make adjustments if necessary.
7. Make a fair copy of the finished version.
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2. Homework
Directions: In this part, you are supposed to write a précis of The Loss of the Fifth
Freedom in about 150 words. Based on the three misunderstandings
mentioned in the text, try to explain how Americans have begun to
lose this freedom.
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Proverbs and Quotations
1. No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till
all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
所有的人都自由了，个人才能完全自由；所有的人都有道德，个人才能完全合乎道
德；所有的人都幸福了，个人才能真正幸福。
2. Freedom lies in being bold.
自由在于勇敢。
3. The more we experience our freedom, the more we recognize that of others.
我们越感到自己的自由，就越承认他人的自由。
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4. My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you
can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America
will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
— John Kennedy, American president
美国同胞们，不要问国家能为你们做些什么，而要问你们能为国家做些什么。全世界
的公民们，不要问美国将为你们做些什么，而要问我们共同能为人类的自由做些什么。
—— 美国总统
约翰·肯尼迪
5. Everything can be taken from a man but one thing: the freedom to choose
his attitude in any given set of circumstances.
— Leonhard Frank, German novelist
人的任何东西都可以被拿走，但有一样东西不行，这就是在特定环境下选择自己的
生活态度的自由。
—— 德国小说家 莱昂哈德·弗兰克
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6. Only a nation of educated people could remain free.
— Thomas Jefferson, American president
只有由受过教育的人民组成的国家才能保持自由。
—— 美国总统
托马斯·杰斐逊