The Effectiveness of Technology to
Enhance Gardner’s Theory of Multiple
Intelligence in Elementary
Science Classrooms
Pamela L. Jimison
Liberty University
S
Abstract
Teachers must try to
differentiate
instruction to meet
the needs of a
student’s
intelligence.
Technology is one
tool to use for
differentiation.
Purpose…
…to determine the effectiveness of
technology to enhance Gardner’s
theory of multiple intelligences in the
elementary science classroom.
S
Question & Hypothesis
S
Research Question:
S
Does technology-enhanced
multiple intelligence
differentiated instruction
improve student achievement
in the elementary science
classroom?
S
My Hypothesis:
S
Students in the experimental
classroom (technology) will
have higher scores in the
final assessment than those
in the control group.
What is MIT?
Psalm 139: You are wonderfully made!
(McCoog, 2007)
What is knowledge?
According to Adams (2004) knowledge
can be defined as what we know or
believe to exist. The ways of knowing are
how we internalize knowledge (Adams,
2004).
and I have filled him with the Spirit of God, with
wisdom, with understanding, with knowledge
and with all kinds of skills—Exodus 31:3
What is intelligence?
Intelligence is the ability to solve
problems, or fashion products, that are
valued in one or more cultural or
community settings.
(Gardner, 1983)
Dependent
Variable?
Student test scores! (What
do I observe?)
Controlled
Variable?
Pretest and post-test
Independent
Variable?
Type of
instruction ~
teacher or
technology?
Students with technology-enhanced
instruction will score higher on the
posttest than those in a traditional
classroom.
Literature Review - Summary
Programming,
chemistry, design
Multimedia, 3-D,
graphics
Typing, keyboard,
mouse
Podcasts, music,
multimedia
Photos, exploration
Blogs, wikis, groups
Social networking
Compose, blogs,
wikis
(Gooch, 2011)
S Students started
Literature
Review
Grandfather Academy
out as selfdefeated and
angry. The school
utilized servant
leadership and
technology.
S Students became
proud, selfdirected learners.
(Herman, 2008)
S Inclusion school
for MIT
Literature
Review
Hemenway School
Boston, Massachusetts
S Students
modified artists’
pictures in paint,
wrote poems,
created
multimedia
projects
S Students far
exceeded the
mastery of
content required.
(Lach, Little, & Nazzaro, 2003)
S Quantitative and
Literature
Review
2 Turkish Studies
qualitative study on
use of blogs. It
revealed that
technology was
engaging and
interactive. (Kalelioglu, 2010)
S Quantitative study
on MIT in computer
classes ~ students
scored high with
technology than
traditional
classroom
teaching. (Ozdener, 2004)
Significant Themes from
Literature Reviews:
Technology is one tool that can tap into the varying
intelligences and allow the educator to better meet
the needs of students. In the elementary science
classroom, technology can be used to enhance the
learning community and engage learners. It allows
the teacher to supplement strengths and improve
weaknesses.
My
Research
Design
Proposal
Experimental Research
Using Quantitative Methods
S Students grades 4-6
S Randomly assigned to experimental
or control group
S Science class
Sampling
S Time period: one semester
Methods of
data
collection
Administer Multiple
Intelligence Fields
Observation Form Student
Version to determine
predominant intelligences
Administer a 75 question
pretest to both groups
Observation Notes
Administer the same 75
question post-test to both
groups
Data Analysis Procedures
S The groups pretest averages will be compared using a
t-test to determine significant difference
S Use statistical analysis Mann Whitney U Test
S P>.05
Data Analysis Procedures
S The groups post-test averages will be compared using
a t-test to determine significant difference
S Use statistical analysis Mann Whitney U Test
S P>.05
S Compare the post-test results for a meaningful
difference
Ethics and
Human
Relations
Teachers shall apply for the
study and give their consent.
http://www.aglbical.org/ethics1.jpg
Students and parents will
sign informed consent. There
will be no bias for race,
gender, or religion.
The teacher shall make sure
there is no harm or
discomfort to students in the
study.
Ethics and
Human
Relations
S Research agenda will
http://popularconduct.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/06/ethicssign.jpg
be disclosed to
involved school
administration,
teachers, and parents
of students in the
study.
S The researcher shall
exhibit integrity.
Proposed Timeline
March - April
April - May
June
July-August
September
September - Jan
February
March - finish
Create web site, online application form
Teachers apply, assess applications, visit schools
Consent forms to administration / teachers
Parent consent forms, teacher meetings
MIT Test, pretest, analysis
Student classes, observations
Post-test, analysis
Analysis, reports, web site, thank participants
References
Adams, N. B. (2004). Digital intelligence fostered by technology. Journal Of
Technology Studies, 30(2), 93-97.
Gall, J., Gall, M., & Borg, W. (2010). Experimental Research. In Applying
Educational Research. (6th ed.). (pp. 292-317). United States of America:
Pearson.
Gooch, K., & Saine, P.. (2011). Integration of the visual arts and web 2.0
technologies in the classroom. New England Reading Association
Journal, 47(1), 92-101. Retrieved November 6, 2011, from ProQuest Education
Journals. (Document ID: 2478462011).
Halasa, K. (2005, May 11). Annotated Bibliography: Ethics in Research. AARE.
Retrieved December 9, 2011, from http://www.aare.edu.au/ethics/aareethc.htm
References
Iflazoglu Saban, A. (2011). An evaluation of the teaching activities implemented in
the elementary science and technology courses in terms of multiple intelligence
theory: A sample from Adana. Educational Sciences: Theory And Practice, 11(3),
1641-1649.
Jackson, A., Gaudet, L., McDaniel, L., & Brammer, D. (2009). Curriculum
integration: The use of technology to support learning. Journal Of College
Teaching & Learning, 6(7), 71-78.
Kalelioglu F, Gulbahar Y. Investigating the usage of blogs in educational settings
from multiple intelligences perspective. Turkish Online Journal Of Educational
Technology [serial online]. April 2010;9(2):132-144. Available from: Education
Research Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed November 6, 2011.
Özdener, N., & Özçoban, T. (2004). A project based learning model's effectiveness
on computer courses and multiple intelligence theory. Educational Sciences:
Theory & Practice, 4(1), 176-180.