CHAPTER 18:
AN ERA OF REFORM
PRISON REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
Jail inmates were in
chains & lived in cages.
• Children were in jail
with adult prisoners.
• Mentally ill were
treated as criminals.
• Insufficient mental
hospitals.
•
PRISON REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
PRISON REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
PRISON REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
PRISON REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
PRISON REFORM:
REFORM LEADER
•
Dorothea Dix
PRISON REFORM:
REFORMS
New asylums
• State governments
stopped placing debtors
in prison.
• Special justice systems
for children
• Cruel punishments
outlawed
•
EDUCATION REFORM:
CONDITIONS BEFORE REFORM
Few areas had public
schools.
• Schoolrooms were
overcrowded.
• Teachers had limited
education & received little
pay.
• Most children didn’t go to
school.
•
EDUCATION REFORM:
REFORM LEADER
•
Horace Mann
EDUCATION REFORM:
REFORMS
New York set up public
elementary schools.
• Massachusetts voted to pay
taxes to build better schools,
pay teachers higher salaries,
& establish training schools
for teachers.
• By 1850, most white boys
attended free public schools.
• Public universities
accepted women.
•
ABOLITIONISM:
GOAL OF THE MOVEMENT
•
to abolish slavery
ABOLITIONISM:
LEADERS OF THE MOVEMENT
William Lloyd Garrison
• Frederick Douglass
• Angelina & Sarah
Grimke
• Sojourner Truth
•
WOMEN’S RIGHTS:
CONDITIONS BEFORE THE
MOVEMENT
Women could not vote
or hold office.
• Fathers/husbands
controlled women’s
money & property.
• Husbands could
physically discipline
their wives.
•
WOMEN’S RIGHTS:
LEADERS OF THE MOVEMENT
Lucretia Mott
• Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• Lucy Stone
•
SENECA FALLS:
GRIEVANCES
Man did not let woman
vote.
• He did not give her
property, rights, even to
her own wages.
• He did not allow her to
practice professions like
medicine & law.
•
SENECA FALLS:
ADVANCES ACHIEVED
New York gave women
control over property &
wages.
• Massachusetts & Indiana
passed more liberal
divorce laws.
• Elizabeth Blackwell
started her own hospital.
• Women eventually were
given the right to vote.
•
WOMEN’S GRIEVANCES
He has made her, if
married, in the eye of
the law, civilly dead.
WOMEN’S GRIEVANCES
He has taken from her
all right in property,
even to the wages she
earns.
WOMEN’S GRIEVANCES
He has so framed the
laws of divorce, and to
whom guardianship of
the children shall be
given, in all cases, puts
all power into his hands.