Manifest Destiny
General Overview of Manifest Destiny
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manifest
Manifest destiny
Destiny,aaterm
termcoined
coinedby
byamericans
Americansfor
forthe
the
expansion
was
thethe
god
given right
to to
expansion of
of the
the USA
U.S.A.,
was
God-given
right
expand from sea to shining sea
expand from sea to shining sea.
after america gained the far west (as a result of
After
America
gained
the people
Far West
(as asthere
resultwere
of
manifest
destiny
the first
to move
Manifest
traders. Destiny), the first people to move there were
traders.
Settlers who journeyed to the new lands gained by
Manifestwho
Destiny
were often
hardships.
Settlers
journeyed
to themet
newwith
lands
gained by
Manifest Destiny were often met with hardships.
during manifest
During
Manifest destiny
Destiny,america
Americaused
usedfour
fourways
waystoto
acquire land
land:annexation
annexation,treaty
treaty,purchases
purchasesand
andwar
war.
there
Thereare
arethree
threemain
mainthemes
themesof
ofmanifest
Manifestdestiny
Destiny:the
the
virtue
american people
virtue of
of the
the American
people and
and their
their institutions
institutions,the
the
spreading
spreading of
of these
these institutions
institutions to
to make
make the
the world
world more
more
like the US and the destiny under god to complete this
like
taskthe U.S., and the destiny under God to complete this
General Information (cont.)
• manifest
Manifest destiny
Destiny would
would expand
expand americas
America’sfrontier
frontier,ororthe
the
land
that forms
that forms
the farthest
farthest extent
extent of
of a
a nation’s
nations
land that
forms that
forms the
settled
settled borders
borders.
•• manifest
Manifest destiny
Destiny involved
involved the
the expansion
expansion the
(theextension
extensionof
a nation beyond its existing borders) of america
of a nation beyond its existing borders) of America.
•• Thomas
Jefferson,
the
third
president,
made
thomas jefferson
the
third
president
made
thethe
louisiana
Louisiana
Purchase,
whichthat
was
land
that was owned
previously
purchase which
was land
was
previously
by
owned
france by France.
• As
as the
the population
population in
in the
the west
Westsoared
soared,many
manyamericans
Americans
began to realize that they could expand America’s
america’s borders
• borders.
with manifest destiny came the fear of unbalancing the
ratio between
slavethe
andfear
freeofstates
• precious
With Manifest
Destiny came
unbalancing the
precious ratio between slave and free states.
Manifest Destiny’s Effect on
America
• manifest
Manifest Destiny’s
destinys expansion
expansionofofamerica
Americaallowed
allowed
for more railroads and paved roads to be built,
built
such as the National Road.
Road
• Manifest
manifest Destiny
destiny also
also affected
affected americas
America’s
waterways in
waterways;
in1825
1825,the
theerie
Eriecanal
Canal
opened
opened,
allowing steamboats (which
which were
werefaster
fasterthan
than
wagons tototransport
wagons)
transportpeople
people.
• In
in addition to affecting transportation
transportation,the
theerie
Erie
canal also
Canal
also bolstered
bolstered americas
America’seconomy
economy(it(it
turned New
new york
York city
Cityinto
intothe
thenations
nation’sleading
leading
commercial center).
center.
The Effect on Native Americans
• as
As manifest
Manifest destiny
Destinycontinued
continued,settlers
settlersbegan
begantoto
expand onto Native
native american
American lands
lands,which
whichcaused
tensionstensions.
caused
• As
as missions
missions spread
spread across
across the
the west
West,many
manynative
americans
Native
Americans
were forced
were to
forced
convert
to convert
to christianity
to
• Christianity.
after the US government relocated the native
• After
americans
the U.S.
they
government
were forcedrelocated
to embark
theon
Native
a
perilous walk
Americans,
they
known
wereasforced
the trail
to embark
of tears on
which
a
would eradicate
perilous
walk known
manyastribes
the Trail of Tears, which
would eradicate many tribes.
Manifest Destiny Side Effects:
Tensions with Mexico
• as
As more
more americans
Americans flooded
flooded into
into texas
Texas,the
thenumber
numberofof
people who disregarded Mexican
mexican laws rose,
rose such
suchas
as
protestants who
Protestants
who didnt
didn’tconvert
convertto
tocatholicism
Catholicism.
• In
in addition to that, many slaveholders moved to texas
Texas,
which had abolished slavery years before.
before
• Mexico
mexico tried to prevent such things from happening by
banning further Americans
americans from immigrating
immigrating,but
butthe
thelaw
law
wasn’t heeded;
heeded when
whenmexico
Mexicotried
triedto
toenforce
enforcetheir
theirlaws
laws,
tensions increased.
increased
• Finally,
finally mexico
Mexicotried
triedtotolevy
levyto(to
force
force
to to
bebe
paid)
paid)
heavy
heavy
taxes
on american
taxes
on American
imports
imports,
but thatbut
didn’t
thatwork
didn’tout
work
either
out this
was thethis
either;
beginning
was theof
beginning
texas separation
of Texas’from
separation
mexicofrom
Mexico.
Land Acquisition
By: Edward Xiao #32 and
Matthew Spector #27
The Four Ways of Acquiring Land
• The first way of acquiring land, annexation, was
• the
first way
of and
acquiring
land annexation
was peaceful
peaceful,
free,
permanent,
but it was sometimes
free
and permanent but it was sometimes unfair
unfair.
•• treaties
Treatieswere
werepeaceful
peaceful,fair
fairand
andforged
forgedalliances
alliancesbetween
countries
but they were
oftenwere
forced
temporary
between countries,
but they
often
forced, and
created
misunderstanding
temporary
and created misunderstanding.
•• the
Thethird
thirdway
wayof
ofacquiring
acquiringland
land,purchases,
purchases,were
werepeaceful,
legal,
a bargain
and were reached
peaceful,
legal, a(sometimes
bargain (sometimes)
and werebyreached
agreements
however,
countries
could
sometimes
by agreements;
however,
countries
could
sometimes
experience
offs
experience rip
rip-offs.
•• the
war
gained
Thefinal
final,less
lesspeaceful
peacefulway
wayofofacquiring
acquiringland
land,
war,
the
warring
countrycountry
respectrespect,
national national
pride and
an and an
gained
the warring
pride
obliterated
obliterated opponent
opponent,but
butititalso
alsomade
madeenemies
enemies,required
required
vast amounts of money and took its toll on many lives
vast amounts of money and took its toll on many lives.
Examples of the Four Ways of
Acquiring Land
• one
One example
example of
of aa rip
rip-off
off purchase
purchasewas
wasthe
the
louisiana purchase
Louisiana
purchase,which
whichamerica
Americabought
boughtfor
for3 3
cents per acre.
acre
• Nearly
nearly half
half of
of mexicos
Mexico’sterritory
territorywas
wasgained
gainedby
by
america through
America
through the
the mexican
Mexican-American
american war
War.
• After
after become
become aa republic
republic,texas
Texaswas
wasannexed
annexedbyby
america
America.
• The
the red
Redriver
River
area
area
was
was
gained
gained
by by
america
America
as as
part
of theoftreaty
part
the Treaty
of ghent
of Ghent,
which which
was meant
was meant
to resolve
to
boundary
resolve
boundary
disputesdisputes
betweenbetween
englandEnglandowned
canadaCanada
owned
and america
and America.
Acquired Land
• the
Theoriginal
original13
13colonies
colonieswere
wereacquired
acquiredby
byamerica
through war
America
through war.
• Oregon,
oregon aarich
richand
andfertile
fertileland
land,was
wasacquired
acquiredbybythe
US as
the
U.S.
the
asresult
the result
of a treaty
of a treaty
between
between
themthem
and
Britain
and
Britain.
• The
the gadsden
Gadsdenpurchase
Purchasewas
wasbought
boughtfrom
frommexico in
order toinextend
Mexico
order americas
to extend railroads
America’s railroads.
• In
in order to keep world powers away
away,america
America
bought Florida
florida from
fromspain
Spain.
Acquired Land (cont.)
• america
America bought
bought the
the louisiana
Louisianapurchase
Purchasewith
withthe
theintent
intentofof
controlling the mouth of the Mississippi
mississippi River,
river, which
whichwould
would
enhance America’s
americas trade
tradeand
andtransportation
transportation.
• The
the ever
ever-growing
growing amount
amountofofamericans
Americansininmexican
Mexican-controlled
controlled
Texas
allowed
texasforallowed
Texas to
forbecome
texas toabecome
republic;a later,
republic
it would
later it would
become
a partbecome
of the United
a part of
States.
the united states
• Utah
utah was
was acquired
acquired by
by america
America as
as aa result
result of
of the
the mexican
Mexican
cession however
Cession;
however,it itwasnt
wasn’t
admitted
admitted
to to
thethe
union
Union
until
until
1896
1896
because the Mormons
mormons were polygamists.
polygamists
• The
the treaty
Treatyofofparis
Paris,
which
which
was
was
done
done
with
with
britain
Britain
during
during
1783
1783,
more than doubled America’s territory (which only included the
included13
Original
thecolonies
original at
13that
colonies
time).at that time
President Polk and Mexico
• A
a land grant is a governments
government’sgift
giftof
ofland
land.
• mexico
Mexico offered land grants to any Americans
americans if they did 3
things:become
things
becomeaamexican
Mexicancitizen
citizen,accept
acceptthe
themexican
Mexican
laws and become official members of the catholic
Catholic church
church.
•• President
Polk offered
offered to
to buy
buy california
Californiaand
andthe
therest
restofof
president polk
New
Mexico,but
buthe
hewas
wasturned
turneddown
downby
byan
anoutraged
outraged
new mexico
Mexico;
thus,Polk
Polkprovoked
provokedMexico
Mexico,
hoping
start
Mexico thus
hoping
toto
start
aa
war
war
(which
did happen).
(which
did happen
• Northerners disapproved of the war, calling it “Mr. Polk’s
and accusing
President
Polk
wanting
to polks
expand
• War”
northerners
disapproved
of the
warofcalling
it mr
slavery.
war” and accusing president polk of wanting to expand
slavery
The Gold Rush and California’s
Population
• in
In january
Januaryof
of1848
1848,the
thegold
Gold
rush
Rush
started
started
in california
in California,
which would eventually lead to its entering into the union
Union.
•• Thousands
peopleflooded
floodedcalifornia
Californiaininsearch
searchofoftheir
their
thousands ofofpeople
fortune,
includingeuropeans
Europeans,asians
Asians,
Australians
and
fortune including
australians
and
South
Americans.
south americans
•• In
order to
to meet
meet the
the 49ers
49ers’growing
growing demands
demands,general
general
in order
stores
whichwould
wouldhelp
helpin
incementing
cementingthe
the
stores were
were created,
created which
gargantuan
into aa
gargantuan amount
amount of
of people
people in
in California
california into
permanent
permanent population.
population
th, 1850, California entered the Union
th
•• On
September
9
on september 9 1850 california entered the union (as a
(as
a result
the mass
amount
of people
that
result
of theof
mass
amount
of people
that immigrated
st state.
st
immigrated
during
the
search
for
gold)
as
the
31
during the search for gold as the 31 state
Fin