Access to and use of spatial data from the
National Survey and Cadastre in Denmark
by
Michael Berg Rasmussen
Statistics Denmark
Spatial data from the National Survey and
Cadastre
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Rational and methodical mapping have been carried out in
Denmark since 1757
In 1989 all mapping activities were gathered together in the
newly established Danish National Survey and Cadastre (KMS)
In the middle of 1990’s KMS started to digitalized their spatial
data
Statistics Denmark use of spatial data from the
National Survey and Cadastre 2000-2008(1)
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In 2000 Statistics Denmark (DSt) got digitalized administrative
maps (counties, municipalities and parishes) on payment of a
yearly charge to KMS - mostly used for promotion purposes.
In 2006 DSt started a particular cooperation free of charge with
KMS concerning the census on urban areas. KMS delivers the
demarcations of the built-up areas every year.
Statistics Denmark use of spatial data from the
National Survey and Cadastre 2000-2008(2)
• …but to use other form of spatial
data from KMS was very
expensive!!
Statistics Denmark use of spatial data from the
National Survey and Cadastre 2009 (1)
• But the Danish Government wanted to modernize and
digitize the public sector…
• …so a new financial model for obtaining access to the
spatial data was made.
• On January 1 2009 a new governmental agreement
came into force, which…
• …means, that governmental authorities, educational
institutions, state museums and common public portals
are secured freely access to use spatial data and related
services from KMS.
Statistics Denmark use of spatial data from the
National Survey and Cadastre 2009 (2)
• Access to a wide range of KMS’ products
• The products can be used free of charge, when the
purpose are internal affairs and official statistics imposed
by the authorities
• For external purposes (e.g. customised tasks) a charge
must be paid to KMS
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(1)
• DAGI-maps = Danish
administrative borders
– Regions, provinces and
counties
– Municipalities
– Postal areas and
parishes
– Constituencies
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(2)
• Detailed topographical
vector spatial data in
1:10,000 - Kort10
(Map10)
– Built-up areas
– Buildings
– Hydrographical
conditions
– Culture
– Nature
– Technique
– Traffic
– Place names
Themes in Map10 (1)
Built-up areas
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Town centre
High built-up areas
Low built-up areas
Industry
Themes in Map10 (2)
Buildings
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Buildings
Greenhouses
Tank/silo
Themes in Map10 (3)
Hydrographical conditions
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Bathing jetty
Ditches
Harbours
Groynes
Coast lines
Lakes
Stream banks
Streams
Pipe fitted streams
Land
Themes in Map10 (4)
Culture
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Relics of the past
Cemeteries
Recreational areas
Sport centres
Themes in Map10 (5)
Technique
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Reservoirs
Fence
High-voltage transmission
lines
Parking areas
Technically areas
Television pylons
Windmills
Themes in Map10 (6)
Nature
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Boundaries of use
Dams and embankments
Dikes
Market gardens and
nurseries
Moor
Quickset hedge
Triangulation point
Gravel pits
Sand and dunes
Forests and woods
Cliffs
Groves
Wetland
Themes in Map10 (7)
Traffic
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Bus lane
Railroad
Motorway
Stops and halts
Paths
Roads (3-6 m broad)
Roads (>6 m broad)
Other roads
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(3)
• Another generalized
topographical vector
spatial data in 1:10,000
in accordance with FOT
– Spatial data made as
combination of data
from KMS and the local
municipalities
– Same themes as in
Kort10(Map10)
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(4)
• Generalized
topographical vector
spatial data in 1:500,000
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Cities and towns
Main roads
Forests
Streams
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(5)
• The Danish Cadastre
– The basis for all land registration in Denmark consisting of:
• An official cadastral register
• A countrywide cadastral map
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(6)
Addresses and their x,y-coordinates
Spatial data in DSt from KMS(7)
• The Digital Map Supply
– Receipt of topographical
maps via internet
servers
• WMS-service
• WFS-service
Use of KMS-data in DSt
• All received spatial KMSdata are stored in both
shape-format for ArcGIS
and in an Oracledatabase
• Official statistics
– Areas of parishes
– Census and areas on
the Danish islands
• Statistics for sale
Renewed statistics of the parish areas (1)
• For many years the area-statistics was built on a
surveying made by KMS in the 1950’s
• Lack of areas in the old market towns
• Other places the areas were published as the sum of
more parishes together
• Every year the areas of some parishes are changed.
Information about that are given from the Ministry of
Ecclesiastical Affairs and manual changed in DSt’s
calculation  errors were made and accumulated
through the years
• A renewal of this statistics were needed
Renewed statistics of the parish areas (2)
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The Danish Cadastre
contains an information
about parish membership
A statistics of the parish
areas can be made by
writing a simple SQLexpression up against the
Oracle database:
Renewed statistics of the parish areas (3)
• An easy and quick way to
make a statistic…
Parish areas
M unicipality no. M unicipality Parish no. Parish
825 Læsø Kommune
825 Læsø Kommune
825 Læsø Kommune
8437 Byrum
8438 Hals
8439 Vesterø
Sum of
the
cadastras
area
61281809
23814101
33296230
• …to be put in the
periodical and the
databank.
Some things to be aware of when using the Danish
Cadastre (1)
• A great deal of parishes are partial parishes – i.e. they
are situated in more then one municipality
• The SQL-expression takes allowance for these special
conditions
Some things to be aware of when using the Danish
Cadastre (2)
• Some places the lakes are registered in the Danish
Cadastra and some places they are not!
Some things to be aware of when using the Danish
Cadastre (3)
• The municipality of Copenhagen doesn’t register certain
areas as streets, railway tracks, newly reclaimed land
and graveyards as cadastre  The parish areas in
Copenhagen are underestimated.
Some things to be aware of when using the Danish
Cadastre (4)
• In south-western part of Denmark are the Wadden Sea –
a tidal area. These areas are already registered as
cadastres although half time under seawater  The
parish areas in these areas are overestimated.
Some things to be aware of when using the Danish
Cadastre (5)
• In creating the new statistics some parish areas may
show a markedly difference from the old calculation
• In some cases the cause are an adjustment of the border
between two parishes
• In other cases it can simply not been explained!
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (1)
• Population on the islands have been counted regularly
since 1901
• Since 1976 the population on the Danish islands have
been calculated by:
– manual demarcating the parishes that belongs to the
islands
– manual demarcating which roads, that are belonging to the
islands…
– …and then in the Central Population Register (CPR) find
out how many person are living on these roads
• A comparatively safe method but…
• From 2011 this method is supplied by GIS
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (2)
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The land-theme from Kort10
can be subdivided into
single island-polygons
Every inhabited access
address are provided with
x,y-coordinates and placed
relative to the islandpolygons
Number of persons on the
access-addresses are sum
up  The population on the
islands
New method has not
completely replaced the old
because also here there can
be some mistakes in the x,ycoordinates
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (3)
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A couple of new inhabited
island were found and put
into the census!
For the moment the islandcensus is therefore a
combination of a registermethod and a GIS-method.
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (4)
• The area-statistics of the islands was built on a surveying
made by KMS in the 1950’s
• Perhaps not a big problem but…
– Some places land is reclaimed from the sea e.g.
• expansion of a harbour
• building of a new bridge
– Coastal processes are active
• The coast lines are undermined
• Calm sea areas are sanded up
• A new area estimation for the islands were needed
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (5)
• From the land-theme in Kort10 the islands were isolated
and their areas were calculated…
Renewed statistics of the Danish islands (6)
• …and in a quick and
easy way a new statistics
of the islands have been
created.
Future work in DSt involving KMS-data
• A new estimation of the Danish coastline
distributed over Danish provinces
• Peoples proximity to nature (forests, parks,
beaches etc.)