Climate Policy Scenario in India
Neha Pahuja
neha.pahuja@teri.res.in
Outline
 India: developmental challenges & growing
emissions
 India: mitigation policy scenario
 Increased efforts: NAPCC, Copenhagen Pledge
 India: key negotiating position
India: development indicators
 Rapid economic growth
 Development of Infrastructure (Roads, Railways,
Power, Electricity transmission, Water supply)
 Electricity for all by 2012
 Galloping mobility demands
 Stagnating domestic production of energy
resources
 Budgetary constraints
India: the energy challenge
 Approximately 470 million Indians live without electricity almost 8% of World Population
 Traditional biomass is the primary cooking fuel for over 700
million Indians
 80% of the population is below the income level $2 a day
respectively
 Low HDI due to lack of access to commercial energy - illiteracy,
poor health
 India’s per capita commercial energy consumption is about 20%
of the world average, 4% that of the US and 28% that of China
 To uplift the bottom sections of its society, India needs a
sustained GDP growth of 8 - 9 % every year for the next 25 years this is not possible without Provisions of Modern Energy
India: Emissions Profile
Source: INCCA Workshop, May-2010
Trends: Future Projections
Source: MoEF, September-2009
India’s plans and targets
Source: FICCI Task Force on Climate Change: December 2007
Increased efforts- 24 initiatives
Source: MoEF, January, 2010
PM council on climate change in action
 June 30, 2008- PM releases India’s first National Action Plan
on Climate Change (NAPCC)
 Outlines existing and future policies and programs to address
climate mitigation and adaptation
 Identifies eight core-national missions (through 2017)
 Pledges that India’s per capita GHG emissions will at no point
exceed that of developed countries
 Long-term convergence of per capita emission
 In addition: Copenhagen Pledge-20-25% intensity target (Low
carbon committee)
Eight Missions
National Solar Mission
National Mission for advanced Energy Efficiency
National Mission on Sustainable Habitat
National Water Mission
National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem
National Mission for Green India
National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture
National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change
India & NAMAs
 Global issues
– Negotiations inconclusive and ambiguous on
implementation issues
– Uncertainty over Kyoto commitments and instruments
– Uncertainties about carbon market mechanisms
– No significant progress on definitional issues pertaining
to NAMAs
India & NAMAs - II
 India’s Stand
– Voluntary, legally non-binding, guided by over-riding
development priorities - No ‘peaking year’ for emissions
– Emphasis on public funds - essential for financial
sustainability
– Multilateral mechanism for technology transfer,
accelerated adoption, capacity-building, and support
networks
Where do we go ..
•Different proposals- domestic, supported, credited,
sectoral…
•ICA/MRV/ or both.. But what is it?
•Linkages with other mechanism- Green Climate fund,
technology mechanism, CDM…?
•Private sector participation?