Multi-country Water Purification
Programme of Activities (PoA)
Contents
•
Why a water purification PoA?
•
Approach and Technology
•
How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?
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The Gap
• 900 mio people without access to clean water
• several 100 million people who boil their water for disinfection
Sources: (1) WHO (2) UNICEF
Typical situation of water supply: the example of Najja
village, Uganda
For example, the people in the Uganda village of Najja have a water well. But the water is not
clean and can cause diseases. Large amounts of wood are used to boil water for disinfection.
What can be done to provide the villagers with clean water, while at the same time saving
natural resources, avoiding air pollution and erosion?
Hurdles for Clean Drinking Water Projects
Current problems for project implementers:
• Generally lack of sufficient funds
• No steady income stream
• Not enough exposure to funding providing entities
…how to find an approach to make Water Disinfection Projects attractive to investors?
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Water Purification PoA will bring a host of co-benefits:
Against child death &
water related diseases:
120 million DALY per year (1)
Protecting biodiversity
& water resources
Reduce GHG emissions.
Avoiding desertification
Indoor air quality:
40 million DALY per year (2)
Enabling schooling &
avoiding abuse
Sources:
1) Pacific Institute (2010). World Water Quality Facts and Statistics. World Water Day 2010, 22nd March.
2) Torres-Duque C (2008). Biomass Fuels and Respiratory Diseases. The Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society 5:577-590.
Contents
•
Why a water purification PoA?
•
Approach and Technology
•
How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?
7
Water Purification Projects
can generate carbon revenues by….
… reducing the use and demand for fossil fuels and non renewable biomass that would have
been used to boil water as a mean for water purification
… and thus directly leading to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
Boiling water
Possible solutions
Solar
disinfection
Membrane
Baseline Scenario
Filter
Chemical
disinfection
Water Purification Project:
„Best“ solution depends on:
- Water quality
- Climate
- People...
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The Water Purification PoA is a platform enabling
various actors in many countries
Country A
CPA
Country B
CPA
CPA
CPA
Country C
CPA
CPA
The Water PoA is an
open platform for
different:
•Countries
•Participants
•Technologies
… but with the
SAME GOAL!!
PoA = platform serving CPAs in
different countries
A PoA is the framework that defines the parameters for project
Activities (CPAs) that are eligible for inclusion in the PoA.
See EB 32, Annex 38
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Example of Technology: Gravity Driven
Membrane Disinfection (GDMD) Filters
ADVANTAGES
 Effective: Parasites, Viruses, Bacteria
 Easy: no energy, almost no
maintenance
 Robust: even highly turbid water can be
used, not fragile
 Long life span: expected life span 5-8
years  therefore, low costs for the
expected life span
 No recurring costs (e.g. chemicals)
Calculating Emission Reduction
Emission Reductions = Baseline Emissions – Project Emissions
Baseline:
Boiling water
Project:
Possible solutions
Solar
disinfection
Filter
Membrane
No treatment
Principle of supressed
demand is applied
Chemical
disinfection
• Clean water for 20’000 people
• Climate benefits
• Social benefits
• Environmental benefits
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Example Calculation for African Context
Assumptions:
• Conventional cook stove used in the Baseline
• 20'000 devices employed
• Each device can purify 30 l/day
• Wood had been used to boil water in project area
Result:
• 40'000 ton CO2 avoided per year named Certified Emission Reductions (CERs)
• Assuming 10 €/CER -> 400'000 EUR/year minus transaction costs and PoA management
costs
• Regular income over 21 years if complying with monitoring criteria
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Contents
•
Why a water purification PoA?
•
Approach and Technology
•
How can DNAs facilitate Multi-Country PoAs?
13
What is needed to make a multi-country PoA possible?
The example of the Water Purification PoA = the first Multi-Country PoA submitted for
validation which can be applied in ALL Non-Annex countries
• Highly standardized methodology
– WHO standards
– Activity level defined with the help of equipment capacity plus cap per person
– Default values for baseline emissions
• Highly standardized PoA-DD
–
–
–
–
Standardized factor for Non-Renewable Biomass based on FAO data
Standardized default additionality test based on guidelines for micro-scale projects
Inclusion of various technologies
Inclusion of various CPA implementers (NGOs, local companies, multilateral organisations.
etc.)
• DNAs supporting the concept and facilitating multi-country PoAs
– Need for water purification in the country
– Acknowledge the slightly different approach
– Timing: for non-LDC there is a hard registration deadline by End of 2012
>> practical deadline for issuing LoAs: February 2012
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Thank you
Questions?
Contact
Bruce Wylie
Principal, South Africa
b.wylie@southpolecarbon.com
Ronnie Twesigye
PoA Specialist, Uganda
r.twesigye@southpolecarbon.com
Christoph Sutter
CEO, Zurich
c.sutter@southpolecarbon.com
www.southpolecarbon.com/adv-poa.htm
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