Development of Biogas and
Biofuels in India
WORKSHOP ON INDO-ASEAN COOPERATION
IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
5th November, 2012
Anil Dhussa, Director
Ministry of New & Renewable Energy
New Delhi
MNRE
Bioenergy Options
o
o
o
Biomass Combustion / Co-generation
Improved solid fuels (Pellet, Briquettes, Char)
Gaseous Fuels
-
o
MNRE
Bio-chemical / Bio-methanation (Biogas)
Thermo-chemical (Producer Gas)
Liquid Fuels
-
Extraction (Trans esterification / biodiesel)
-
Thermo-Chemical (Pyrolysis Oil)
Bio-chemical (Ethanol, Butanol)
Biomethanation
MNRE
o Biomethanation / Anaerobic Digestion (AD) has
emerged as a mature technology for energy from
animal and agro-industrial wastes / residues,
biomass and energy crops
o Large Potential of energy recovery from above
substrates and treatment & disposal of wastes
Bio-energy Resources in
India
MNRE
Agricultural residues / energy crops
o
Over 140 M ha arable land is estimated to produce over
700 MTA biomass
o
50 M ha arable land is under mono cropping - potential
for short cycle cellulosic biomass.
Cattle dung and Poultry droppings
o
o
1000 MTA from 300 million cows & buffaloes.
8 MTA from 500 million poultry birds.
MSW
o
By 2021 urban population likely to be 550 mil - would
generate > 150 MTA of MSW
Potential in India
o Surplus biomass
:
o Cows manure
:
and poultry droppings
17000 MW
1500 MW
o Urban Wastes
:
2600 MW
o Industrial Wastes
:
1300 MW
Benefits of Biogas Technology
MNRE
o Biomethanation (AD) produces energy and treats
waste
o Contributes to energy security through use of
local resources
o Produces superior organic manure - Industrial AD
Plants can produce assured quality organic
fertilizer for improving profitability
o De-centralised application for segregated organic
wastes help to reduce landfills
Biogas from Industrial wastes
Likely Capacities
o
o
o
o
o
o
Distilleries effluent
:
Dairies (milk processing) :
Paper Mills (Black Liq. +) :
Slaughterhouse waste
:
Poultry droppings
:
Cattle dung
:
1 MW / 30 kL
100 kW / 3 lakh litres
1 MW / 60 TPD paper
100 kW / 10-12 TPD
1 MW / 1 Million birds
100 kW / 25 TPD
Biogas in India
MNRE
o
4.5 M Household biogas plants based on cattle
manure mainly for producing cooking fuel
o
Mid sized biogas plants based on cattle manure
and other similar wastes for heat, electricity or
motive power
o
Biogas from urban and industrial wastes and
effluents
o
Co-digestion of farm / agricultural residues with
urban and industrial wastes
Biogas from Animal
Manure and Agro-residues
o
1 MW and 1.2 MW Cattle manure based biogas
projects at Ludhiana, Punjab and Jabalpur, MP
o
About 2000 small and medium size biogas plants
based on cattle manure for heat, electricity or
motive power (5-25 kW)
o
1.5 and 2.5 MW biogas projects based on poultry
droppings in Tamil Nadu
o
Two projects of 4 MW each for agricultural
wastes / residues in Punjab under installation
o
MNRE
Biogas from
Industrial Wastes
MNRE
o
1.5 MW power from food processing and sugar
industry solid waste
o
Four biogas projects for bagasse / straw washwater in paper mills
o
About 20 projects for heat and/or power from
starch industry effluents
o
Over 250 distilleries generating biogas for heat
and/or power from their spent wash/effluent
o
Demonstration projects for converting biogas
into bio-CNG
MNRE
Biogas Plant Designs
Top: Floating drum
Bottom:Fixed dome
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
MNRE
1.0 MW power project based on cattle dung at a Dairy
Complex Ludhiana, Punjab
MNRE
1.2 MW power project based on cattle manure
at Dairy Colony in Jabalpur
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
MNRE
Biomethanation of bagasse wash-water at Tamil
Nadu Newsprint and Papers Company
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
MNRE
3000 cum biomethanation project for solid waste
at Slaughterhouse in Andhra Pradesh
Global Methane Initiative – Meeting of Agr. Sub-Committee November 12, 2010
MNRE
2 MW biogas power at a distillery
Kitchen waste biogas plant
MNRE
Government Support for
Biogas Programme
o
o
o
o
Financial and fiscal support
Provisions in the Electricity Act 2003
- Open access to grid for RE power
- Preferential tariffs by State regulators
- RE Power Obligations for Transcos
Capacity building measures
Support for Research and Development
MNRE
Biofuels in India
MNRE
o
o
o
o
1st generation Biofuels
- From molasses – bio-ethanol
- From oil bearing seeds (SVO and biodiesel)
2nd generation Biofuels: ligno-cellulosic substrates
- Ethanol through enzymatic fermentation
- bio-crude, bio-oil (Thermo-chemical route)
3rd generation Biofuels - Algae, green diesel
4th generation Biofuels: CO2 sequestration …….
National Biofuel Policy
MNRE
o
Announced in December, 2009
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Development and utilization of indigenous nonfood feedstocks raised on degraded or waste lands
o
Thrust on research and development on
cultivation, processing and production of biofuels
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20% Ethanol and Bio-diesel blending by 2017 –
current target is 5% blending – achieving ~ 2%
Some Recent Initiatives
MNRE
o
o
Identified quality germ-plasms of Jatropha and
assessed their availability for multiplication
Facility for large scale micro-propagation of
elite Jatropha genotypes under development
o
Demonstration projects on promising genotypes
taken up
o
Major thrust on R & D on 2nd Generation
Biofuels
Pilot projects set up
o
Initiatives taken by Industry
MNRE
o Private and Public sector industry active in
R&D, Plantation of oilseed bearing trees and
production of bio-diesel and bio-ethanol
o 10 bio-diesel plants set up with capacities ranging
from 30-1600 TPD and aggregating to 3080 TPD.
o This production capacity can replace over 2% of
the current diesel demand.
o Slowdown as adequate feedstock not available
MNRE
THANK YOU
akdhussa@nic.in
www.mnre.gov.in