CE 726

 INTRODUCTION
 DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PRINCIPLES
 HISTORY OF SUSTAINABILITY
 DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
 PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
 EFFECT OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
 SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
 PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
 ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
 WHAT MAKES CONSTRUCTION SUSTAINABLE?
 SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION STANDARTS
 SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY
 EXAMPLES OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
 CONCLUSION
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WHY SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
Ozone Layer Depletion
Unconscious Consuming
Decreasing Bioderversity Usage of Fossil-based Energy Resources
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DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY
* The word sustainability is derived from the Latin sustinere
(tenere, to hold; sus, up).
* “maintain” “support” “endure”
* The concept of sustainability centers on a balance of society, economy and environment for current and future health.
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DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
* Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
* Dynamic process which enables people to realise their potential and improve their quality of life in ways which simultaneously protect and enhance the earth's life support systems.
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HISTORY OF SUSTAINABILITY
* First use on March 1972, in report on the "Limits to Growth", written by a group of scientists led by Dennis and Donella
Meadows of the MIT. Describing the desirable "state of global equilibrium", the authors used the word "sustainable"
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HISTORY OF SUSTAINABILITY
1968 United Nations Biosphere Conference, Paris.
1968 Conference on ecological aspects of international development, Washington DC.
1972 UN conference on the human environment, Stockholm.
1973 Patterns of resource use, environment and development strategies, Mexico.
1975 World Conservation Strategy adopted.
1982 UN General Assembly adopts Charter for Nature.
1983 World Commission on Environment and Development established.
1987 Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
1988 Toronto Convention on greenhouse gas emissions.
1992 Earth Summit (UNCED): UN conference on environment and development,
Rio de Janeiro
1992 UN establishes Commission on sustainable development.
1993 Convention on biodiversity ratified.
1994 Convention on climate change in force.
1994 UN conference on population and development, Cairo.
1997 Special UN discussions on implementation of Agenda 21.
1997 UN conference on climate change, Kyoto.
2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg
2005 UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (DESD)
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DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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DIMENSIONS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Maintain and, if possible, enhance, its residents’ quality of life.
Enhance local economic vitality.
Promote social and intergenerational equity.
Maintain and, if possible, enhance, the quality of the environment.
Incorporate disaster resilience and mitigation into its decisions and actions.
Use a consensus-building, participatory process when making decisions.
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EFFECT OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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EFFECT OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
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SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
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SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
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SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
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ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
1. Sustainable energy use
• Heating, ventilation and cooling system efficiency
• Solar panels
• Wind turbines
• Solar water heating
• Heat pumps
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ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
2. Sustainable building materials
• Recycled materials
• Lower volatile organic compounds
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ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
3. Waste management
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ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
4. Building placement
 Low-impact pinus house takes flight in a
Brazilian pine forest
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ELEMENTS OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE
5. Sustainable building consulting
• Green Building´s analysis and computer simulation
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SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
 A holistic process aiming to restore and maintain harmony between the natural and built environments, and create settlements that affirm human dignity and encourage economic equity.
 Sustainable construction aims at reducing the environmental impact of a building over its entire lifetime, while optimizing its economic viability and the comfort and safety of its occupants.
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WHAT MAKES CONSTRUCTION SUSTAINABLE?
 Construction is said to be sustainable when it meets environmental challenges, responds to social and cultural demands and delivers economic improvement.
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WHAT MAKES CONSTRUCTION SUSTAINABLE?
1. Reduce resource consumption (reduce)
2. Reuse resources (reuse)
3. Use recyclable resources (recycle)
4. Protect nature (nature)
5. Eliminate toxics (toxics)
6. Apply life-cycle (costing economics)
7. Focus on quality (quality)
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WHAT MAKES CONSTRUCTION SUSTAINABLE?
Sustainable construction projects consider:
 Energy efficiency and reducing the energy used in daily operation.
 Using sustainable construction supplies such as recycled materials and renewable resources.
 Environmentally sustainable features like rooftop gardens, water reduction measures, and the use of nontoxic building materials.
 Using local materials that are both easier and cheaper to bring in
 Construction of public uses spaces like walking trails and shaded park that help the structure to better fit with the natural environment, and add benefits to the local community.
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WHAT MAKES CONSTRUCTION SUSTAINABLE?
* Routinely designed and maintained to optimize the entire life span,
* Sustainability considerations and requirements should take in building legislation and standards,
* Environmental aspects should be considered in the project and should include short-term as well as long-term aspects,
* Policies and incentives provided by the government to support sustainable building and construction practices,
* Investors, insurance companies, property developers and buyer of buildings are aware of sustainability considerations and should take an active role to encourage sustainable building and construction practice.
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GREEN BUILDING ASSESMENT
 Score/rate the effects of a building’s design, construction and operation, among them environmental impacts, resource consumption and occupant health.
 LEED (USA)
 BREEAM (UNITED KINGDOM)
 CASBEE (JAPAN)
 GBTOOL
 GREEN STAR (AUSTRALIA)
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GREEN BUILDING ASSESMENT
LEED
Category
1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation and Design Process
Total Possible Points
Max.
Points
14
5
17
13
15
5
69
LEED-NC
2.2 Rating
Platinum
Gold
Silver
Certified
No rating
Points
Required
52-69
39-51
33-38
26-32
25 or less
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GREEN BUILDING ASSESMENT
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GREEN BUILDING ASSESMENT
•Australia: Nabers / Green Star / BASIX
•Brazil: AQUA / LEED Brasil
•Canada: LEED Canada / Green Globes / Built Green Canada
•China: GBAS
•France: HQE
•Germany: DGNB / CEPHEUS
•India: GBCIndia (Green Building Construction India)/ GRIHA
•Italy: Protocollo Itaca / Green Building Council Italia
•Jordan: Jordan Green Building Council
•Malaysia: GBI Malaysia
•Pakistan: Pakistan Green Building Council
•Portugal: Lider A / SBToolPT®
•Qatar: Qatar Sustainability Assessment System (QSAS)
•Switzerland: Minergie
•United Arab Emirates: Estidama
•Thailand : TREES
•Turkey : CEDBİK (Çevre Dostu Yeşil Binalar Derneği)
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SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY
Globalisation climbing to higher positions
Sustainable constructions should be taken into consideration:
* by societies for development and future requirements
* by contractors to be a different market while being applicable and also economic
Making profit is the main goal for the countries and firms
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SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY
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SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY
% 96 of CEOs believe that sustainability issues should be fully integrated into the strategy and operations of their companies
% 91; their company will employ new technologies to address sustainability issues during the next five years
% 40 commercial property, nationally uses
Energy Star
Portfolio
Manager, to monitor and report energy performance
LEED-certified properties, exceed 2 billion
SF around the world.
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SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY
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SUSTAINABILITY AS A DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY green design differentiation
 Main differentiators; successful projects, satisfied clients and tenants, LEED certification, lower operating costs, delivering green building projects on conventional budgets and competitive rents.
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EXAMPLES OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION
 COR BUILDING
 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
 DEVONSHIRE BUILDING
 MEYDAN SHOPPING CENTER
 GORDION SHOPPING MALL
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Location : Miami, Florida, USA
Project Duration : 2007-2011
Design
Usage
: Chad Oppenhiem Architecture
: Residence & Trade Center
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 Dynamic synergy between architecture, engineering and ecology.
 Mix-use both for residentially or commercially.
 High-performance outer shell:
• Serves as structural system ,
• Provides thermal insulation and shade,
• Surrounds green terrace floor,
• Carries the wind tribunes,
• Integrates them aesthetically
 Integrated design process, different architectural identitiy, integrating technological and ecological features
 Wind tribunes, placed at the 122 m height, electricity produced with ocean winds.
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 PV(photovoltaic) batteries provide electricity from daylight.
 Roof terrace grass surfaces, buffer zone on the shell, avoid the heating effect of the sun.
 Solar collectors used on terrace for hot water.
 Window frames and glasses, with different materials and insulation features
 Shading elements for cooling and energy saving
 Effective usage of water (provided from rain)
 Interior materials have sustainability features.
(Recycled ceramic with glass and bamboo)
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Location
Project year
Owner
Design
Usage
: San Francisco, Golden Gate Park, California, USA
: 2008
: California Academy of Sciences
: Renzo Piano Building Workshop
: Education, Science Academy
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 Under a “living roof” 30 000 squaremeters size
 Rain forest, Planetarium, Natural History Museum (Piazza)
 2008 the LEED Platinium Certificate
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 Gigantic green roof
• Coconut plates as layovers
• Possible plant grow, natural habitat
• 5 o C coolness in summer
• Natural heater in winter
 Recycle/reuse of wastes of ex-building
 Use of excavation sand for restoration
 %95 recycled steel
 %50 timber from special forest
 % 30 ash contained cement
 Wall insulation from recycled jean
 Refinement of all waste water for irrigation.
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 Sensors adjusting opening degrees of roof ventilation.
 % 90 of offices has natural light.
 60.000 PV cells located on roof produces 213.000 kwh electricity.
 Construction comsumes % 30 less energy than local government wants.
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Location
Year Built
Owner
Project
: Newcastle upon Tyne, England
: 2004
: University of Newcastle upon Tyne
: The Partnership DEVJOC
Intended Use : Educational, Scientific Research Centre of the University
BREEAM "Excellent" certification, RICS "sustainable building of the year" award.
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 Large atrium,located in the middle, increases natural light and ventilation.
 Energy conservation provided by air-conditioning features.
 Lab units on north-facing section
 Office units on south-facing section
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 Structural system enables creating smart facade system on the southern side.
 Effectiveness of the structural system:
 Lower cost of construction
 Minimal intervention to construction area
 Minimum waste during construction
 Stormwater collection system
- underground tanks
- underground geothermal tanks
 Recycle gray water; reuse in wet areas.
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 Energy conservation strategies began at design phase.
 Natural cooling/thermal heating is provided.
 Orientation of the building (north-south)
 Solar panels are used to;
- reduce influence of the sun in the summer
- receive optimum sunlight in the winter.
 PV panels on the roof (30kw energy production).
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Location
Year Built
Owner
Project
: Istanbul, Turkey
: 2007
: Metro Group AG
: Foreign Office Architects (FOA)
Intended Use : Shopping Complex
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 Green roof uses rainwater and decreases waste water load.
 Geothermal energy used in heating and cooling systems.
 1.3 million kWh of energy is saved per year.
 Waste and toxic gas emissions reduced.
 App. 350 tons of CO
2 emissions avoided.
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Location : Ankara, Turkey
Year Built : 2009
Design : Chapman Taylor Architects
Usage : Shopping Complex
 With the trigeneration system, heat, cooling and electrical energy can be produced.
 Natural daylight, ventilation, lightning are controlled with sensors systems.
 CO2 sensors, adjust indoor air quality at the desired level.
 %18 of the building’s energy needs are obtained by co-generation systems.
 System efficiency is maximized by using waste heating.
 Releases less carbon dioxide compared to the other shopping malls in Turkey
(a reduction of nearly 4000 tons)
BREEAM “Very Good" certification award.
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Architecture and construction industry
Intense usage of resources and energy.
Sustainable
Development
A new perspective, containing environmental and economical development together.
Sustainable Construction
Structure and infrastructure planning
Management of waste
Demolition of the building
Design
Providing raw material
Life-cycle approach
Products for construction and delivery
Building construction
Repair works Maintenance Usage
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* Sustainable design concept mainly focuses on energy efficiency, active resource usage, reducing environmental pollution with waste management and providing healthier living conditions.
Marketing Differentiation
* Sustainable buildings are now important elements of differentiation strategy.
A necessity
* Orientation to sustainable building construction, can provide companies to differentiate as well as preparing them for the future.
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