WORKSHOP ON GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY:
ICELANDIC - BRITISH COOPERATION
The Icelandic Energy System
Gudni A Jóhannesson
Director General
Orkustofnun - The Icelandic
National Energy Authority
Advises the
government
on energy
resources
Directs
research on
energy
resources
Regulator for
the national
grid
Non geothermal
heating subsidy
scheme
Energy
efficiency and
transition to
renewable
sources
Future scenarios
energy needs and
energy conversion
UNU
Geothermal
training program
Mining
licenses for
metals and
minerals
Data on
energy and
other earth
resources
International
cooperation on
energy issues
Licenses for
research and
exploitation of
energy, mineral
resources and
hydrocarbons
It is all
about
geology
Geothermal map of Iceland. ( Basemap: Geological map of Iceland by Haukur Jóhannesson and Kristján
Sæmundsson 1999. Iceland. 1:1.000.000. Icelandic Institute of Natural History
Geothermal energy flow
333*106 TWh
Government interventions over time to
promote geothermal heating
•Basic research – geology – geophysics – utilisation
•Central storage of research data
•Legal and regulatory framework – administration
•Risk mitigation for geothermal drilling – The Energy
Fund
•Financial support for district heating replacing
subsidized heating
•Licensing surveys and power plants
Geothermal District Heating
Storage Tanks
ICELAND
Space Heating by Source 1970-2006
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
Geothermal
Longest
distance
from source
to customer
63 km
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
Fossil fuels
Electricity
19
70
19
73
19
76
19
79
19
82
19
85
19
88
19
91
19
94
19
97
20
00
20
03
20
06
0%
Svartsengi Geothermal Plant
Present Electricity Use
General use
3050 GWh
Large industries 12430 GWh
System loss
1000 GWh
18.5%
75.5%
6.0%
Fossile fuels
120 MWe
3 GWh
Hydropower
1880 MWe
12400 GWh
Potential
30000 GWh*
Geothermal
575 MWe
4000 GWh
Potential
20000 GWh*
*subject to the result of the Framework program on feasibility and ranking of different power plant options
Energy market
Scotland 1200 km
Europe 1800 km
NORDNED 600 km
2
Cost Per kWh ?
Freshwater
4
8
16
32
Saltwater
64 ISK/kWh
Geothermal Beach
A Gothermal waste water pool
MASTERPLAN FOR ICELAND
POWERPLANT OPTIONS
HYDROPOWER
GEOTH. POWER
The Geothermal Training Programme (GTP) of The
United Nations University (UNU)
World wide potential 160 GW
Investment 600 Bn USD
Installed capacity for geothermal electricity production in 2007 in
different countries (Bertani, 2007)
•Reduce worldwide GHG emission by sustainable
energy production/utilization from geothermal sources
•Make Iceland a case study for near energy
independent and carbon neutral society
•Create a platform for entrepreneurship and export of
geothermal energy expertice and education
International cooperation
IEA IGA
IPGT
ERANET
EDIN .......
Photo Gudni A Johannesson 2009