How S&T can help operationalize
an urban SDG
Expert Group Meeting on S&T for the SDGs
Columbia University
16 December 2013
Cynthia Rosenzweig
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies/ Columbia University, USA
Aromar Revi
Indian Institute for Human Settlements, Bangalore, India
Co-Chairs, SDSN Sustainable Cities Thematic Group
1
Why the world needs an urban SDG?
2
Criteria for Successful SDGs
1. Guide public understanding of complex challenges
2. Mobilize key actors
3. Support effective public policies and private action
4. Be universal
5. Promote monitoring and accountability
3
SDSN Proposal for SDGs
1.
2.
3.
End extreme poverty including hunger
Achieve development within planetary boundaries
Ensure effective learning for all children and youth for life and
livelihood
4. Achieve gender equality, social inclusion, and human rights for all
5. Achieve health and wellbeing at all ages
6. Improve agriculture systems and raise rural prosperity
7. Empower inclusive, productive, and resilient cities
8. Curb human-induced climate change and ensure sustainable energy
9. Secure ecosystem services and biodiversity, and ensure good
management of water and other natural resources
10. Transform governance for sustainable development
4
5
6
7
21st Century: Towards a
New Governance Architecture
• Re-balancing interests of:
–
–
–
–
Nation States
Local and Regional Governments
Firms
Rights of Communities and Citizens
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Why the World Needs an SDG on Cities
1. Given that urbanization is now a globalscale process, a sustainable planet depends on how
cities grow, function, and respond to stress.
2. Leaders and citizens of urban areas need to be
empowered to mobilize sustainability action.
3. An Urban SDG would motivate public-private
partnerships for measurable implementation.
4. If urban issues are ‘mainstreamed’ across the other
SDGs, the role of cities will disappear.
5. An Urban SDG would promote linkages and
strengthen other SDGs
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Cities as First Responders: Mitigation and Adaptation
Cities as First Responders: Mitigation and Adaptation
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Proposed Urban SDG (2015-2030)
Make all cities socially inclusive, economically
productive, environmentally sustainable, secure,
and resilient to climate change and other risks.
Develop participatory, accountable, and
effective city* governance to support rapid and
equitable urban transformation.
*and metropolitan region
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Three Proposed Urban SDG Targets
a. End extreme urban poverty, expand employment and productivity,
and raise living standards, especially in slums.
b. Ensure universal access to a well-designed, secure, and affordable
built environment and basic urban services including housing;
water, sanitation and waste management; low-carbon energy and
transport; and mobile and broadband communication.
c. Ensure safe air and water quality for all, and integrate reductions
in greenhouse gas emissions, efficient land and resource use, and
climate and disaster resilience into investments and standards.
From these proposed targets, Urban Indicators are being developed via the
Sustainable Cities Initiative in Accra, Bangalore, Durban, Rio de Janeiro & New York
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Campaign for an Urban SDG
#urbanSDG
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Mobilizing urban governments worldwide
Lobbying with national governments and groups
Getting development finance institutions on board
Orienting the private sector
Promoting global citizens social media campaign
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Operationalising an urban SDG:
the case of Bangalore, India
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Bangalore : 1992
3.4 million
3.4 million
1992
Bangalore : 2001
5.7 million
5.7 million
2001
3.4 million
1992
Bangalore : 2009
8.5 million
8.5 million
2009
5.7 million
2001
3.4 million
1992
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Urban SDG Target A - Eliminate extreme urban poverty, expand
employment & productivity, & raise living standards, especially
in slums & informal settlements
Population with incomes
above national poverty line
Households availaing
Banking Services
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Bangalore: indicative #urbanSDG set
(work in progress, do not cite)
Population not living in
slums and informal
settlements
1990
2000
2015
2030 BAU
SDG
Gender Wage Disparity
Workforce Participation Rate
Female Workforce
Participation Gap
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Urban SDG Target B - Ensure universal access to a secure and affordable
built environment & basic services: housing, water, sanitation & waste
management; low-carbon energy & transportation; & communication.
Households with access to
safe, sufficient drinking
water
Population living in
adequate housing
conditions
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Bangalore: indicative #urbanSDG set
(work in progress, do not cite)
Households served by
safe sanitation services
1990
2000
2015
2030 BAU
Households and
businesses with access to
affordable and reliable
low-carbon energy
Households with access to
internet
SDG
Households with access to
cell phones
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Urban SDG Target C - Ensure safe air & water quality for all, & integrate
reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, efficient land & resource use, &
climate & disaster resilience into investments & standards
QualityofofDisater
Disaster
Quality
Risk
Management
Management
Bangalore: indicative #urbanSDG set
(work in progress, do not cite)
1.00
0.80
Urban Green Cover
0.60
0.40
Quality of Climate Change
Action
1990
0.20
2000
0.00
2015
Air
AirQuality
QualityIndex
Index(Proportion of
days in a year above minimum
air quality standards)
Normal
Difference
Vegetation
Biodiversity
Index/
NDVI
Index (NDVI) from satellite data
2030 BAU
SDG
Water Quality Index
Water Quality
Indexto
/Population
with access
unpolluted water
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