ENERGY CONSUMPTION & AVAILIABILITY IN TANZANIA
-Brief Presentation to the Jatropha Agriculture ConferenceBy Eng.James L.Ngeleja-MSc.Mechanical Engineering
(1982-Cuba)
Principal Environment Management Officer(NEMC)
Member (NAG&REWG)-March,2011
ENERGY RESOURCE & CONSUMPTION
• Tz is endowed with significant quantities of energy resources-(Hydropower
4700 MW-Large & small);Coal;Natural gas;Solar;Wind & Biomass
• Energy consumption especially for modern energy (electricity) is very low
see comparison from 2009 World Energy Statistics with other countries
(Netherland-popul-16.4 mill-7229 kwh per capita; Sweden-popul-9.314811 kwh; Tanzania-42.3 mill-84 kwh; Kenya-38.5-156 kwh)
• TZ 2008 total energy consumption is about 22 million TOE broken into
Petroleum-(8%-mostly for transport, industry and power generation)
;Electricity-(2% for household, sector industry and commerce) & Biomass(90% mostly for cooking and heating in households and commercial-SMEs)
BIOMASS ENERGY CONSUMPTION CATEGORIES
• Households-about8.5 million country wide (rural and urban;I nstitutions
and SMEs)
• Biomass fuels-(Jatropha, Croton,Ethanol,Methane,bio-briquettes,pellets)
• Biomass Cogeneration and Gasification- (for electricity and thermal in
industry and SMEs)
• TZ consumes more biomass energy in its inefficient traditional way for
cooking. For example Charcoal consumption as per 2008 WWF Study is
about 2650 tons daily
• Dar-es Salaam City alone Charcoal consumption l is worth 350 million US
Dollars and national wide is worth 650 million Dollars–WB 2009
BIOMASS IMPACTS AND AVAILIABILITY
• Biomass Supply sources are currently not sustainable and that have
significant negative environmental problems notably deforestation
• Biomass energy consumption on its traditional form has negative health
impacts as well
• However Biomass resource is available from forest plantations and wood
industry. In the wood industry alone about 1.2 million tons in wood
residues is available that could generate about 128Gwh(NEMC,2008)
• Crop waste/Agricultural waste e.g coconut husks and shells; sisal waste
maize: cobs rice husks; cotton stalks could be harnessed to address rural
energy needs sustainably
• Implementation of VPO2006 Strategy where 1.5 million trees are planted
annually has good progress - over80% performance
WAY FORWARD FOR SUSTAINABLE RURAL ENERGY
• Promotion of Small farmers (campesinos/guajiros) for decentralized
small power plant systems e.g 50-100 kW using Jatropha fuels cultivated
from their own land without jeopardizing the food security
• Promote the use of Jatropha gasifier stoves for cooking to
reduce/eliminate indoor air pollution which is source of respiratory
track diseases (RTDs) to people in rural households mainly
• Promote the use of Jatropha oil in lighting lamps instead of kerosene
lamps in order to save foreign currency from importing kerosene
• Contract faming in partnership with large scale farming (Chiapa StateMexico)
ASANTENI SANA-THANK YOU FOR
YOUR ATTENTION