Planning to Achieve the 8Hour Ozone Standard
Houston-Galveston-Brazoria
8 County Non-Attainment Area
Rice Sustainability Center
October 6, 2004
Doug Deason - ExxonMobil
8-Hour Ozone Discussion Items

Issue Background

HGA’s Classification & Timing

Ozone Source Mix

Planning Cycle

Questions & Answers
EPA – 8-Hour Ozone Standard






EPA performed mandatory 5-year review in 1997
8-hour standard is more stringent than the 1-hour
April 15, 2004 EPA designated & classified HGA as 8-hour
nonattainment; effective June 15, 2004
Same 8-County area as before
State must submit 8-hour SIPs June 15, 2007
Attainment Deadline for Houston – June 15, 2010
 Classification - Moderate (granted 6 years after designation
to meet the standard - clock begins June 15, 2004)
 Controls must be in place before the ozone season of 2009
 Only four areas of the country given deadlines beyond 2010
 All in California
8-Hour Implementation Issues
Attainment Classifications and Deadlines



8-Hour attainment classifications set by monitored 8-hour ozone design value
Classification table provides statutory number of years allowed for attainment
2010 Compliance Deadline for Houston area set in April , 2004 EPA Rule
Houston-GalvestonBrazoria (0.102 ppm)
2007
2010
93% of the 8-Hour
Subpart 2 non-attainment
counties (243) fall
into these first two
classifications
2013
15 CA counties are
serious
2019
No counties are
in Severe-15
2021
2024
4 CA counties are
Severe-17
No counties are
in Extreme
How Ozone is Formed
2004
2004Balanced
Balanced
Strategy
StrategyFocuses
Focuseson
on
NOx
NOx&&HRVOC’s
HRVOC’s
•Little or No Wind
•HighOXYGEN
Temperatures
OXYGEN
•Clear Skies
Solar
Energy
Ground Level
Ozone (O 3)
Formation
FAVORABLE
FAVORABLE
CONDITIONS
CONDITIONS
•High
•Hightemperature
temperature
•Low
Oxyge
•Lowwind
wind
2 ) speed
speed
•Low
•Lowcloud
cloudcover
cover
50 %
69%
Trees, Shrubs, Swamps
14%
Industry
Nitrogen
Oxides
NOx
NOx
(NOx)
2%
-80%
-80%Point
PointSource
SourceNOx
NOxReduction
Reduction
Natural Sources
-42%
-42%Area
Area&&Off-Road
Off-RoadNOx
NOxReduction
Reduction
18 %
Off-Road
9%
Off-Road
Volatile
Organic
VOC’s
VOC’s
Compounds
(VOC)
Industry
8%
Cars & Trucks
-50%
NOX
Reduction
-50%On-Road
On-Road
NOX
Reduction
Sources: Houston Regional Monitoring and
Business Coalition for
Clean Air
- -Industrial
IndustrialHRVOC
HRVOCReductions
Reductions
30 %
Cars & Trucks
2007 Controlled NOx Emissions About Equally Balanced
Among Industrial , On-Road, and Off-Road
Sunlight
• Little or no wind
• High temperatures
• Clear skies
Cars &
Trucks
4% Off-Road
OXYGEN
Ground Level
Ozone (O3)
Formation
Natural
Sources
5% Cars &
10%
Industry
11%
Trees,
Shrubs and
Swamps
75%
Volatile Organic
Compounds
(VOC)
Nitrogen
Oxides
(NOx)
Industry
32%
Trucks
29%
Off-Road
34%
Sources: Houston Regional Monitoring and
Business Coalition for Clean Air
Keys to Success

Continued advancement in technology & cost effectiveness
across all source types

Acceleration of Federal program benefits (Fuels/Engines,
Transport and Regional Haze rules) to 2009, or

Significant new local controls that are available, technically
feasible and cost-effective by 2Q09

Continued need for TERP-2 funding post 2007
8-Hour Ozone - 1 Hour Measures Set the
Stage

Many 8-hour ozone exceedances are driven
by 1-hour exceedances


Some 8-hour ozone exceedances occur with
NO 1-hour ozone exceedance


1-hour Measures effectively will work both
1-hour ozone measures reducing continuous
emissions will reduce 8-hour ozone
Some 8-hour exceedances may be due to
transport
Summary Statistics of One and
Eight-Hour Exceedances
60
59
50
40
30
48
42
41
40
31
26
21
18 19
20
27
21
10
0
1
1-Hour
8-Hour
4 4
1-Hour
Only
8-Hour
Only
1 & 8Hour
2000
2001
2002
Summary Statistics of One and
Eight-Hour Exceedances
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
49
44
35
33
37
35
30
24
17
1414
20
4 3
1-Hour
8-Hour
0
1-Hour
Only
8-Hour
Only
1 & 8Hour
2002
2003
2004
Summary Statistics of One and
Eight-Hour Exceedances
140
130
120
100
92
85
80
60
2002-2003
45
40
20
7
0
1-Hour
8-Hour
1-Hour
Only
8-Hour
Only
1 & 8Hour
8-Hour Ozone Schedule
EPA
Designates
Areas
4/15/04
EPA
Finalizes
Phase 1
Rule
(04/15/ 04)
2004
Attainment Deadline
for Houston & >95% of
non-attainment areas nation-wide
TEXAQS II
Develop
SIP
Modeling
& Control
Strategies
2005-2006
TX Submits
Adopted State
Implementation
Plan (by
6/2007)
2007
Attainment Deadlines
for Remaining 19
Counties Nation-wide
2010
2013-24
Outlook for 2005 & 2006


1-hour SIP Measures (NOx Reductions , HRVOC Monitoring,
and new HRVOC Emission Limits) continue to implement
TEXAQS 2000 Study data analysis continues

New Science data (TCEQ, TERC, and TARC) generation and
analysis continues

Houston modeling improvements continue

TEXAQS-2 Field work and data analysis informs 8-hour
ozone SIP