Chapter 17 – Therapy
Final Exam Review
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine
(Cont’d)
Only 20% of norepinephrine is released from
the adrenal glands, while the other 80%
is released from terminal fibers (neuron
ends) throughout the entire body
Principles of operant conditioning underlie
which of the following techniques?
30
a) Counterconditioning
25%
b) Systematic desensitization
25%
c) Stress inoculation training
25%
d) The token economy
25%
0
Which type of therapy focuses on
eliminating irrational thinking?
y
av
io
ur
th
e
ra
p
ra
py
eh
B
C
og
ni
tiv
e
th
e
R
lie
C
0
nt
-c
e
nt
re
d
EM
D
y
25% 25% 25% 25%
a) EMDR
b) Client-centred
therapy
c) Cognitive therapy
d) Behaviour
therapy
th
er
ap
30
30
Antidepressant drugs are believed to work
by affecting serotonin or:
a) Dopamine
25%
b) Lithium
25%
c) Norepinephrine
25%
d) acetylcholine
25%
0
Electroconvulsive therapy is most
useful in the treatment of?
25%
25%
25%
25%
a)
b)
c)
d)
Schizophrenia
Depression
Personality disorders
Anxiety disorders
0
of
30
25% 25% 25% 25%
hl
op
C
th
iu
m
Li
na
Xa
in
e
ro
m
az
tiv
0
x
Ativan
Chlopromazine
Xanax
Lithium
an
a)
b)
c)
d)
A
30
Which of the following is the mood-stabilizing drug
most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder?
During a session with his psychoanalyst,
Jamal hesitates while describing a highly
embarrassing thought. In the psychoanalytic
framework, this is an example of:
25% 25% 25% 25%
a)
b)
c)
d)
Transference
Insight
Mental repression
Resistance
an
Tr
nc
re
e
sf
e
In
t
gh
i
s
M
0 of 30
ta
en
lr
s
es
r
ep
n
io
R
e
an
st
i
s
ce
Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an
association between unwanted behaviour and an
unpleasant experience is known as:
25% 25% 25% 25%
th
...
ce
sf
er
en
on
v
ro
c
ec
t
de
ic
st
em
at
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an
El
ns
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se
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co
n
Sy
rs
iv
e
ve
A
0
of
30
ti.
..
ni
n
g
c)
d)
Aversive conditioning
Systematic
desensitization
Transference
Electroconvulsive
therapy
ul
si
ve
a)
b)
Carl Rogers was a ______ therapist who
was the creator of _____.
30
a) Behaviour; systematic desensitization
25%
b) Psychoanalytic; insight therapy
25%
c) Humanistic; client-centred therapy
25%
d)
Cognitive; cognitive therapy for depression
25%
0
0
tiz
.
de
se
ns
i
s.
..
ic
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em
at
Sy
Fr
ee
as
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n;
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re
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ta
Sp
ct
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lis
ne
o
te
n
d)
og
c)
Active listening; cognitive
Spontaneous remission;
humanistic
Free association;
psychoanalytic
Systematic
desensitization; behaviour
in
g;
c
a)
b)
..
25% 25% 25% 25%
A
30
The technique in which a persona is asked
to report everything that comes to his or her
mind is called ______; it is favoured by
____therapists.
During psychoanalysis, Jane has developed strong feelings
of hatred for her therapist. The analyst interprets Jane’s
behaviour in terms of a ____ of her feelings toward her
father.
25%
25%
25%
25%
30
0
0
a)
b)
c)
d)
Projection
Resistance
Regression
Transference
y
th
er
ap
nt
re
d
th
e
ra
py
y
ra
p
nt
-c
e
ni
tiv
e
lie
C
eh
B
og
av
io
ur
th
e
al
ys
ho
an
yc
0
C
Psychoanalysis
Behaviour therapy
Cognitive therapy
Client-centred
therapy
is
a)
b)
c)
d)
25% 25% 25% 25%
Ps
30
Given that Jim’s therapist attempts to help him by
offering genuineness, acceptance, and empathy,
she is probably practicing:
Of the following categories of psychotherapy,
which is known for its nondirective nature?
25%
25%
25%
25%
30
0
0
a)
b)
c)
d)
Psychoanalysis
Humanistic therapy
Behaviour therapy
Cognitive therapy
It emphasizes the
existence of repressed
memories
0
in
te
rp
re
ge
ta
ne
...
ra
lly
It
a
gi
ve
ve
ry
s
...
th
er
ap
is
ts
to
...
i..
.
ex
is
It
It gives therapists too
much control over
patients
de
s
d)
th
e
It is generally a very
expensive process
pr
ov
i
c)
iz
es
It provides interpretations
that are hard to disprove
It
b)
25% 25% 25% 25%
em
ph
as
a)
It
30
Which of the following is not a common
criticism of psychoanalysis?
Which of the following types of therapy
does not belong with the others?
25%
25%
25%
25%
30
0
0
a)
b)
c)
d)
Cognitive therapy
Family therapy
Self-help group
Support group
Which of the following is not necessarily an
advantage of group therapies over individual
therapies?
w
al
lo
Th
ey
ar
e
ey
Th
cl
ie
th
e
ef
fe
le
.
m
or
e
co
st
to
d
nt
..
e
ct
iv
.
..
le
s.
e
te
n
ey
They allow the client to
test new behaviours in a
social context
ta
k
d)
Th
They are more effective
to
c)
d
They tend to cost less
money for the client
te
n
b)
25% 25% 25% 25%
ey
They tend to take less
time for the therapist
Th
0
of
30
a)
Which biomedical therapy is most likely
to be practiced today?
25%
25%
25%
25%
0 of 30
a)
b)
c)
d)
Psychosurgery
Electroconvulsive therapy
Drug therapy
Counterconditioning
Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes
the individual’s inherent potential for selffulfillment?
a) Behaviour therapy
25%
b) Psychoanalysis
25%
c) Humanistic therapy
25%
0
of
30
d) Biomedical therapy
25%
The effectiveness of psychotherapy has been assessed
both through clients’ perspectives and through controlled
research studies. What have such assessments found?
0 of 30
nt
s’
lie
C
...
pe
rc
e
st
ud
i
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re
a
W
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es
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ie
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af
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...
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a.
.
pt
io
ns
he
re
a
pe
rc
e
W
d)
nt
s’
c)
25% 25% 25% 25%
lie
b)
Clients’ perceptions and controlled
studies alike strongly affirm the
effectiveness of psychotherapy
Whereas clients’ perceptions strongly
affirm the effectiveness of
psychotherapy, studies point to more
modest results
Whereas studies affirm the
effectiveness of psychotherapy, many
clients feel dissatisfied with their
progress
Clients’ perceptions and controlled
studies alike paint a very mixed picture
of the effectiveness of psychotherapy
C
a)
Although Moniz won the Nobel prize for developing
the lobotomy procedure, the technique is not
widely used today because:
25%
a)
It produces a lethargic, immature personality
25%
b)
It is irreversible
c)
Calming drugs became available in the 1950s
d)
All of the above reasons
25%
25%
30
0
0
The results of meta-analysis of the effectiveness of
different psychotherapies reveals that:
30
ar
e
s
A
ll
o
ft
he
ab
ov
e
ra
pi
e
th
e
ni
tiv
e
og
tr
ue
a.
.
.
a.
ie
s
ra
p
ur
th
e
av
io
eh
B
No
0
si
ng
le
ty
pe
of
d)
C
c)
25% 25% 25% 25%
...
b)
No single type of
therapy is considered
superior
Behaviour therapies are
most effective in treating
specific problems, such
as phobias
Cognitive therapies are
most effective in treating
depressed emotions
All of the above are true
th
e
a)
To help Sam quit smoking, his therapist blew a
blast of smoke into his face each time he inhaled.
Which technique is the therapist using?
25%
a) Exposure therapy
25%
b) Behaviour modification
25%
c) Systematic desensitization
25%
d) Aversive conditioning
30
0
0
In which of the following does the client learn to
associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing situations?
a) Cognitive therapy
25%
b) Aversive conditioning
25%
c) Counterconditioning
25%
d) Systematic desensitization
25%
0
of
30
A
ov
e
ab
ll
o
of
s
si
on
pr
es
Ex
ft
he
un
ns
e
po
re
s
ed
di
tio
n
on
C
fu
lf.
.
s
n.
.
irr
at
io
of
n
tio
fle
c
re
0
.
25% 25% 25% 25%
a) A reflection of irrational
thinking
b) Conditioned responses
c) Expressions of
unfulfilled wishes
d) All of the above
A
30
The technique of systematic desensitization
is based on the premise that maladaptive
symptoms are:
The antipsychotic drugs appear to produce their
effects by locking the receptor sites for:
a) Dopamine
25%
b) Epinephrine
25%
c) Norepinephrine
25%
30
d) Seratonin
25%
0
0
Psychologists who advocate a _____ approach to mental
health contend that many psychological disorders could be
prevented by changing the disturbed individual’s _____.
25% 25% 25% 25%
t
vi
ro
n
ee
lin
en
tiv
e;
en
Pr
ev
H
um
an
is
tic
;f
eh
a
;b
m
ily
m
en
r
vi
ou
ie
;d
ic
al
Fa
io
m
ed
B
0
of
30
gs
Biomedical; diet
Family; behaviour
Humanistic; feelings
Preventive; environment
t
a)
b)
c)
d)
An eclectic psychotherapist is one who:
30
0
a
s
se
U
...
of
ty
rie
va
e
on
s
se
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te
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ar
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.
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yc
ps
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ew
Vi
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ic
a
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e.
..
ct
iv
nd
ire
no
Ta
d)
a
c)
25% 25% 25% 25%
s
b)
Takes a nondirective approach
in helping clients solve their
problems
Views psychological disorders
as usually stemming from one
cause, such as biological
abnormality
Uses one particular technique,
such as psychoanalysis or
counterconditioning, in treating
disorders
Uses a variety of techniques,
depending on the problem and
the client
ke
a)
30
The operant conditioning technique in which
desired behaviours are rewarded with points or
poker chips that can later be exchanged for
various rewards is called:
25% 25% 25% 25%
a) Counterconditioning
b) Systematic
desensitization
c) A token economy
d) Exposure therapy
C
0
o
r
te
un
nd
co
g
in
n
o
iti
Sy
ic
at
m
e
st
s
de
...
iti
s
en
A
to
n
ke
ec
o
m
no
Ex
y
p
e
ur
s
o
th
ap
er
y
The techniques of counterconditioning are
based on principles of:
25%
25%
25%
25%
0 of 30
a)
b)
c)
d)
Observational learning
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Behaviour modification
25% 25% 25% 25%
r
oc
i
al
w
w
o.
..
or
ke
t
ls
ic
a
lin
C
hi
at
ric
Ps
0
ci
al
yc
Ps
yc
lin
ic
a
lp
sy
ch
ol
og
hi
at
ris
is
t
d)
Clinical psychologist
Psychiatrist
Psychiatric social
worker
Clinical social worker
so
a)
b)
c)
C
30
Seth enters therapy to talk about some issues that
have been upsetting him. The therapist prescribes
some medication to help him. The therapist is most
likely a:
Light-exposure therapy has proven useful as
a form for people suffering from:
25%
25%
25%
25%
30
0
0
a)
b)
c)
d)
Bulimia
Seasonal affective disorder
Schizophrenia
Dissociative identity disorder
One variety of ______ therapy is based on
the finding that depressed people often
attribute failures to ______.
a) Humanistic; themselves
25%
b) Behaviour; external circumstances
25%
c) Cognitive; external circumstances
25%
d) Cognitive; themselves
25%
0 of 30
A relative wants to know which type of therapy
works best. You should tell your relative that:
30
a) Psychotherapy does
not work
25% 25% 25% 25%
b) Behaviour therapy is
the most effective
N
o
on
e
ty
p
e
th
e
of
ra
py
th
e
is
ra
p
t..
...
is
ni
tiv
e
og
C
av
io
ur
th
e
ra
p
y
es
do
y
B
eh
ho
th
er
ap
yc
Ps
0
...
d) No one type of
therapy is
consistently the
most successful
...
c) Cognitive therapy is
the most effective
The technique in which a therapist echoes and
restates what a person says in a nondirective
manner is called:
a) Active listening
25%
b) Free association
25%
c) Systematic desensitization
25%
0
of
30
d) Meta-analysis
25%
is
y
yc
Ps
is
tic
ho
an
th
e
al
ys
ra
p
ra
py
um
an
C
og
ni
tiv
e
th
e
ra
p
ur
th
e
av
io
eh
0
H
Behaviour therapy
Cognitive therapy
Humanistic therapy
Psychoanalysis
y
a)
b)
c)
d)
25% 25% 25% 25%
B
30
Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing
unwanted behaviours rather than on discovering
their underlying causes?
In order to help him overcome his fear of flying, Duane’s
therapist has him construct a hierarchy of anxiety-triggering
stimuli and then learn to associate each with a state of
deep relaxation. Duane’s therapist is using the technique
called:
ci
at
in
g
as
so
ap
Fr
ee
di
tio
co
n
rs
iv
e
ve
A
Sh
ni
n
ti.
..
ns
i
se
de
ic
st
em
at
Sy
0
of
30
g
a) Systematic
desensitization
b) Aversive conditioning
c) Shaping
d) Free association
io
n
25% 25% 25% 25%
30
In an experiment testing the effects of a new antipsychotic
drug, neither Dr. Cunningham nor her patients know
whether the patients are in the experimental or the control
group. This is an example of the ______ technique.
a)
b)
c)
d)
25% 25% 25% 25%
Meta-analysis
Within-subjects
Double-blind
Single-blind
M
0
an
at
e
ys
al
is
W
su
ni
ith
ec
bj
ts
D
ou
bl
d
lin
b
eSi
ng
in
bl
le
d
Unlike traditional psychoanalytic
therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy:
25%
a) Helps people gain insight into the roots of
their problems
25%
b) Offers interpretations of patients’ feelings
25%
c) Focuses on current relationships
25%
d) Does all of the above
30
0
0
Among the common ingredients of the
psychotherapies is:
30
ov
e
..
ab
ft
he
ve
A
ll
o
de
to
ce
pe
ex
e
Th
lo
p
o.
.
ct
at
io
n
fa
ro
of
fe
e
Th
0
am
All of the above
an
d)
ch
The chance to develop
a fresh perspective on
oneself and the world
e
c)
Th
The expectation among
clients that the therapy
will prove helpful
e.
..
b)
25% 25% 25% 25%
ra
p
The offer of a
therapeutic relationship
th
e
a)
Linda’s doctor prescribes medication that blocks the activity
of dopamine in her nervous system. Evidently, Linda is
being treated with an __________ drug.
25%
25%
25%
25%
30
0
0
a)
b)
c)
d)
Antipsychotic drug
Antianxiety
Antidepressant
Anticonvulsive
has consulted a _____ therapist.
al
yt
ic
ho
an
og
Ps
yc
C
um
an
H
av
io
eh
0
ni
tiv
e
is
tic
Behaviour
Humanistic
Cognitive
Psychoanalytic
ur
a)
b)
c)
d)
25% 25% 25% 25%
B
30
Leota is startled when her therapist says that she needs to
focus on eliminating her problem behaviour rather than
gaining insight into its underlying cause. Most likely, Leota
A patient in a hospital receives poker chips for making her
bed, being punctual at meal times, and maintaining her
physical appearance. The poker chips can be exchanged
for privileges, such as television viewing, snacks, and
magazines. This is an example of the:
0 of 30
...
th
e
ra
p
y
te
...
H
um
an
is
tic
th
e
ra
p
C
og
ni
tiv
e
ur
th
e
av
io
eh
ra
py
y
t..
.
.
th
er
..
m
ic
na
B
d)
ho
dy
c)
25% 25% 25% 25%
yc
b)
Psychodynamic therapy
technique called systematic
desensitization
Behaviour therapy technique
called token economy
Cognitive therapy technique
called token economy
Humanistic therapy technique
called systematic
desensitization
Ps
a)