Psychological preparation
for Archery
Tsung-Min Hung, Ph.D.
National Taiwan Normal University
A little bit more about myself
Ph.D. University of Maryland, College Park.
Specialize in Sport & Exercise Psychology, 1996
Professor, Department of Physical Education,
National Taiwan Normal University
Pesident, SSEPT
Treasure, ISSP
Member of Sport Science Committee, ITTF
Sport psychologist for Chinese Taipei athletes for
Olympic and Asian Games
Main topics
Factors affect sport performance
Psychological characteristics of peak
performance
Introduction to psychological skill
training (stress management,
concentration, self-confidence)
Physiological factors
Technique/Strategy
Sport performance
Psychological factors
Psychological characteristics of
peak performance
Loss of fear
Focused on the present
Confident/Optimistic
In control
Enjoyment
Total immersion in the activity
Effortless performance
Psychological skill training
Definition:A training process that
applies psychological skills to assist
athlete’s performance and personal
growth.
Philosophy:Improvement = win
Function:perform to your level
realize your potentials
Psychological skill training
Principles:
1.A long-term training process
2.Education orientation
3.Individualized program
4.Trust and support by coaches and
athletes
Self-awareness
Be aware of your physiological, psychological,
technical, strategic, and environmental
conditions.
Understand your strength and weakness for
skill development
Understand your emotion states for effective
emotion management
Understand your arousal level for appropriate
arousal management
Examine your goal for enhancing motivation
Conditions lead to stress
Stress: a substantial imbalance b/t demand
(physical and/or psychological) and response
capability, under conditions where failure to
meet that demand has important
consequences.
Results of stress:
muscle tension and deterioration of
coordination
Narrowing of attention focus
Relationship between arousal
and performance
Cognitive reconstruction
Unreasonable
reasonable
thoughts
Self-defeating
Self-reinforcement
thoughts
Negative
Positive thoughts
Passive
Active thoughts
Relaxation training
Progressive muscle relaxation training
Biofeedback training
Imagery training
Meditation
HR biofeedback training
組別
0.00
實驗組
控制組
控制組
8.40
-0.20
瞄
準
時
心
跳
率
減
速
斜
率
組別
8.60
實驗組
平
均
射
箭
成
績
表
現
-0.40
-0.60
-0.80
8.20
8.00
7.80
7.60
-1.00
7.40
-1.20
前測
中測
後測
前測
中測
後測
Attention in game
Internal distracters:
1.Attending to past events
2.Attending to future events
3.Overanalyzing body mechanics
4.Fatigue
Attention in game
External distracters:
1.Visual distracters
2.Auditory distracters
3.Gamesmanship
Exercises for improving
concentration
Learning to shift attention
Parking thoughts
Learning to maintain focus
Searching for relevant cues
Learning to shift attention
Pay attention to what you hear
Become aware of body sensation
Turn attention to your thoughts and
emotions
Open your eyes, pick an object directly
in front of you, practice zooming in and
out.
Parking thoughts
This exercise is effective in eliminating
negative, intruding thoughts.
Use visualization to identify unwanted
thoughts, write it down on paper, and place
this paper in some other place(parking).
Upon completion of the performance, the
athlete can go back and deal with the issue
by “unparking” it.
Searching for relevant cues
Searching the number（30/min is good）
Tips for improving
concentration on site
Use simulations in practice
Use cue words
Establish routine
Develop competition plans
Practice eye control
Stay focus in the present
Overlearn skills
Dos for building selfconfidence1
Do maintain a high positive
precompetitive environment.
Do have high expectations of all your
participants.
Do set realistic but challenging shortand long-term goals..
Dos for building selfconfidence2
Do provide lots of contingent, positive
feedback and praise.
Do structure the environment to provide
early success.
Do try to find individuals doing
something right (as opposed to just
looking for their mistakes).
Don’ts for building selfconfidence1
Don’t use sarcasm and put-downs to
motivate people.
Don’t allow teammates or group members to
belittle other team or group members.
Don’t criticize individuals for inconsequential
mistakes or errors.
Don’t embarrass and criticize individuals at
the first sight of a mistake.
Don’t criticize the person, criticize the
behavior.
Goal setting
Outcome goal: focus on a competitive result
of an event, such as winning a game, earning
a medal, or scoring more points than an
opponent.
Vs
Performance goal: Focus on achieving
performance objectives independently of
other competitors, usually making
comparisons with one’s own previous
performance.
Principles of goal setting
Set specific goals
Set moderately difficult but realistic goals
Set long- and short-term goals
Set performance and outcome goals
Set practice and competition goals
Develop goal-achievement strategies
Evaluate goals
Tsung-Min Hung, Ph.D.
Email:ernesthungkimo@yahoo.com.tw
Tel:+886-2-77343202