Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
1
Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
2
Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
3
Biometrics
Definition:
“Automated measurement of Physiological
and/or behavioral characteristics to
determine or authenticate identity”
by Alvaro E. Escobar
4
Biometrics
“Automated measurement”
No human involvement.
Comparison takes place in Real-Time.
–DNA is not a Biometric
by Alvaro E. Escobar
5
Biometrics
“Physiological and/or behavioral characteristics“
1.
Behavioral:
2.
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–
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User speaks.
Types on a keyboard.
Signs name.
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Fingerprint
Hand
Eyes
Face
Physiological:
by Alvaro E. Escobar
6
Biometrics
“determine or authenticate identity”
 Identification Systems:
– Who am I?
– Determine Identity

Verification Systems:
– Am I who I claim to be?
– Authenticate Identity
by Alvaro E. Escobar
7
Biometrics
“determine or authenticate identity”
 Verification Systems (cont):
–
–
–
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More accurate.
Less expensive.
Faster.
More limited in function.
Requires more effort by user.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
8
Biometrics

Benefits:
– Security


PC, Network, Web
Physical access to Buildings/Rooms
– Accountability


Audit Trails
Recordkeeping
– Convenience
– Savings
by Alvaro E. Escobar
9
Biometrics

Primary drivers:
– Size and cost decreased.
– Improved FAR, FRR & FTE
– Mature standards


BioAPI
BAPI
– Public awareness
by Alvaro E. Escobar
10
Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
11
Biometrics



Identification and verification:
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Finger scan
Iris scan
Retina scan
Facial scan (optical and infrared)
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Hand Geometry
Voice Print
Keystroke Behavior
Signature
Verification only:
Other Biometric Technologies in the making.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
12
Biometrics

Finger scan: Measures unique characteristics
in a fingerprint (minutiae)
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Crossover
Core
Bifurcations
Ridge ending
Island
Delta
Pore
by Alvaro E. Escobar
13
Biometrics

Iris scan: Measures unique
characteristics of the iris
– Ridges (rings)
– Furrows
– Straitions (freckles)
by Alvaro E. Escobar
14
Biometrics

Retina scan:
Measures unique
characteristics of the retina.
– Blood vessel patterns
– Vein patterns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
15
Biometrics

Facial scan: Uses off-the-shelf camera to
measure the following facial features:
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Distance between the eyes.
Distance between the eyes and nose ridge.
Angle of a cheek.
Slope of the nose.
Facial
Temperatures.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
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Biometrics

Hand scan: measures the top and side
of the hand, not the Palm.
– Hand Geometry.
– Most widely used technique for physical
access.
– INSpass system
by Alvaro E. Escobar
17
Biometrics

Voice scan: Measures the sound waves
of human speech.
– user talks to a microphone a passphrase.
– Voice print is compared
to a previous one
by Alvaro E. Escobar
18
Biometrics

Keystroke scan: Measures the time
between strokes and duration of key
pressed.
– Most commonly used in systems where
keyboard is already being used.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
19
Biometrics

Signature scan: Measures speed,
pressure, stroke order an image of
signature.
– Non-repudiation
by Alvaro E. Escobar
20
Biometrics

Biometric techniques still in the
drawing board
– Vein scan : vein pattern in back of the
hand.
– Lip movement : camera captures images
of how user lips move while user speaks a
passphrase.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
21
Biometrics
by Alvaro E. Escobar
22
Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
23
Biometrics



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False Acceptance Rate (FAR)
False Rejection Rate (FRR)
Failure To Enroll Rate (FTE)
Ability To Verify (AVT)
–
AVT = (1 - FTE)(1 - FRR)
by Alvaro E. Escobar
24
Biometrics
Agenda
I.
Video
II.
Biometric Overview
III. Biometric Technologies
IV.
Accuracy Metrics
V.
BioPrivacy Concerns
by Alvaro E. Escobar
25
Biometrics

Informational privacy concerns:
– Misuse
– Addressed by:



System Design
Careful Audit
Personal privacy concerns
– cultural or religious beliefs
by Alvaro E. Escobar
26
Biometrics

Bioprivacy Framework (25 best
practices)
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–
–
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Scope & Capabilities
Data Protection
User Control of Personal Data
disclosure, auditing and accountability.
by Alvaro E. Escobar
27
Biometrics

Scope & Capabilities:
– Limit system scope.
– Limit storage of identifiable biometric data.

Data Protection:
– Security Tools:



Encryption
private networks
secure facilities
– Limited System Access
by Alvaro E. Escobar
28
Biometrics

User Control of Personal Data :
– Allow user un-enrollment (voluntarily)
– Allow user view, correct and update data

Disclosure, Auditing and Accountability:
– Explain system purpose
– Third party auditing
by Alvaro E. Escobar
29
Biometrics

Q&A
by Alvaro E. Escobar
30