JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY
NSG 463 PROFESSIONAL TRANSITIONING TO NURSING
PROFESSOR KAREN JAGIELLO
9/29/14

THE NEWMAN SYSTEM MODEL
BY: BETTY NEUMAN

BETTY NEUMAN
Started her career in 1947 as a diploma nurse.
Received her BSN and MS from University of California-
Los Angelos.
MS focused in Mental health
Public Health Consultation 3 http://www.neumansyste
msmodel.org/

THE SPARK
Neuman’s primary field of practice was mental Health
She originally developed a model to focus on teaching community mental health
Neuman then developed: A
Model for Teaching Total
Person Approach to Patient
Problems.
Which developed into the
Neuman Systems Model. 3

NEUMAN’S SYSTEMS
MODEL
THE CLIENT SYSTEM
Open system
Basic core structure
Protected by lines of resistance
Usual level of health
Flexible line of defense 1-2

THE CLIENT SYSTEM –
CONT.
Open System – Continuous flow of input, output, feedback and compensation
Basic Structure – Basic survival factors
Client variables:
Physiological
Psychological
Sociocultural
Developmental
Spiritual 2

THE CLIENT SYSTEM – CONT.
Normal Line of Defense
Usual state of wellness
Flexible Line of Defense
First line of defense
Lines of Resistance
Last line(s) of defense 1

NURSING
INTERVENTIONS
Primary
Immunizations
Health education
Exercise
Lifestyle changes 1-2

NURSING
INTERVENTIONS –
CONT.
Secondary
Treatment of symptoms
Conserve energy
Regain stability 1-2

NURSING
INTERVENTIONS –
CONT.
Tertiary
Reconstitution 1-2

Strengths:
Application
NEUMAN’S MODEL
Weakness:
Not specific enough
Overly complicated 1-2
Flexibility
Straight Forward
Inline with healthcare today 1-2

NEUMAN’S NURSE
Neuman defines nursing as “action which assist individuals, families and groups to maintain a maximum level of wellness, and the primary aim is stability of the patient/client system, through nursing interventions to reduce stressors.’’ (Betty Neuman's System Model, 2012)

OUR NURSING PRACTICE
Holistic Nursing
Multimodal Interventions
Prevention/health promotion
Medication therapy
Complimentary Alternative Medicine
Discharge education/End of Life
Support

REFERENCES
1 Gonzalo, A. (2011). Betty Neuman - The Neuman Systems Model.
Retrieved from Theoretical Foundations of Nursing: http://nursingtheories.weebly.com/betty-neuman.html
2 Betty Neuman's System Model. (2012, January 28). Retrieved from
Nursing Theories: http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Neuman.html
3 Neuman, Betty. (1945-2008) . Betty M. Neuman papers,
Barbara Bates Center for The Study of The History of
Nursing, University of Pennsylvania retrieved from http://dla.library.upenn.edu/dla/ead/ead.pdf ?id=EAD_u penn_bates_PUNMC160