Profiling Criminal Thought, Behavior, and Motivation
(subtitle)
North Carolina Sheriffs’
Chaplains Association
Spring Training 2011
Copyright © 2011
Russell L. Smith, M.S., HSP-PA
Email: BRACEAnalysis@aol.com
www.BRACEcharacterProfile.com
Learning Objectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
Participants will learn that Solomon
organized Proverbs as a developmental
guide for parents, a survival manual for
adolescents, and a crime prevention
package for a nation.
Participants will learn how the
underlying structure of the BRACE
Character Profile is based on the
Simple, the Scorner, and the Foolish of
Proverbs 1:22.
Participants will learn how the BRACE
Character Profile can be used to profile
any well known or well conceptualized
prototypical type or individual, real or
fictional, dead or alive.
Participants will learn how to generate
the necessary charts and graphics for a
BRACE Character Profile analysis.
The proverbs of Solomon the son of
David, king of Israel;

To Know



To perceive the words of


Understanding
To receive the instruction of





Wisdom
Instruction
Wisdom
Justice
Judgment
Equity
To give


Subtilty to the simple
To the young man knowledge and discretion.
PROVERBS 1:22
How long,
ye simple ones,
will ye love simplicity?

and the scorners
delight in their scorning,

and fools
hate knowledge?

Three Prototypical Types
(Core aspects of human nature)
Psychopaths
SIMPLE
(6612)
FOOL
Type A
(0191)
Type B
SCORNER
(3887)
Type C
FOOLISH
(3684)
The Simple (Type A)
Features




Seducibility & immaturity of
thought
Based on self-delusion,
unrealistic expectations, and
an absence of relevant and
constructive focus ...
A cultivated habit of selfjustification based on simplistic
generalizations and
discriminations ...
Cognitive and Behavioral
avoidance ... taking easy way
The Simple (Type A)
Characteristics
1. Poor Critical
Thinking
Skills
2. Extremes of
Attention
3. Marked
Vulnerability
4. Expansive
and Exclusive
5. Limited
Capacity for
Empathy
6. Path of Least
Resistance
7. Limited
Capacity for
Commitment
8. Deluded
Value System
9. Poor
Judgment
10. Poorly
Developed
Social
Conscience
The Scorner (Type B)
Features





Pervasive pattern of active
and competing opposition to
legitimate authority
Noncompliance with essential
structure
Preoccupation with matters
of power and control
Increasingly deviant and
violent counter-controlling
strategies and tactics
All at the expense of others
The Scorner (Type B)
Characteristics
1. Refuses to Pay
Attention
2. Shifts from
Passive to
Active
Aggression
3. Visceral
Aversion to
Limits
4. Desires
Adoration
5. Confrontational
6. Reinforced by
Punishment of
Others
7. Deviant Control
8. Concerned with
“Reputation”
9. Quick to Assert
Rights, Take
Offence,
Present Self as
a Victim
10. Increasing
Social Isolation
The Foolish (Type C)
Features




A pervasive and progressive
pattern of unearned and
unwarranted selfreinforcement
Based on an unrestrained
desire to experience first
hand the limits of physical,
emotional, and psychological
being
All under the guise of selfexpression and self-discovery
All at the expense of others.
The Foolish (Type C)
Characteristics
1. Consummatory 6. High Risk
Behavior
Interests and
Pursuits
7. Vague
Dissatisfaction
2. Deluded, Selfand Boredom
serving Values
3. Insensitivity to 8. Learned
Emotional
Others
Instability
4. Limited Sense
9. Poor Sense of
of Personal
Self
Responsibility
10. Medical,
5. Emotional
Social, and
Deceptions and
Legal
Manipulations
Difficulties
B Forces
C Forces
CHILD
0 to 7
ADOLESCENT
8 to 14
15 to 21
YOUNG ADULT
?
ADULT CHARACTER
EXPLOITIVE
POWER & CONTROL
ARROGANT
FEAR
OPPOSITIONAL
DESIRE
SCORNER
OPPORTUNIST
NARCISSISTIC
FOOLISH
SIMPLE
DEPENDENT
HEDONISTIC
NAIVE
IMMORAL
ANGER
PLEASURE & COMFORT
SAFETY & SECURITY
OPPORTUNITY
METHOD
COGNITIVE
MOTIVE
EXISTENTIAL
BEHAVIOR
Profiling Maladaptive Character
O
R
M PP I S
AN O K
AG RT &
EM UN
I
EN TY
T
FEAR
FORCE &
VIOLENCE
TYPE C
LIES &
DECEPTION
RE
SU RT
EA FO
PL OM
C
&
PO
CO WE
NT R
RO &
L
TYPE B
DESIRE
ANGER
TYPE A
BRACE Character Profile®
Underlying Structure
Input Ratings
Analysis
Prototypical Types:
The 10 DSM-IV-TR™ Personality Disorders
Sadistic Personality Disorder (DSM-III-R)
A Prototypical Psychopath
Asperger’s Disorder
copyright © 2011 Russell L. Smith
www.BRACEanalysis.com
BRACE Character Profile™
Structure




75 items rated on a 5point scale.
Three core character
types: Type A, Type B,
and Type C.
Three Domains of 8
variables each:
Cognitive, Behavioral,
and Existential.
One “bonus” item for
each core Type.
Basic Requirements to
Establish Input
Ratings






basic reading skills
good critical thinking skills
access to a good knowledge
base about the person or
prototypical type being rated
understanding the rating
instructions
a high level of motivation to
follow the rating instructions
time to complete the input
ratings
Three DOMAINS with eight variables each, plus
one bonus item for each domain.
Each domain consists of Type A, Type B, and Type C Characteristics
COGNITIVE
BEHAVIOR
EXISTENTIAL
(Type A, Type B,
and Type C), which
in combination =
the Cognitive,
Behavior, and
Existential
characteristics of
ONE PERSON
1. Critical Thinking
Skills & Reasoning
2. Perceptual Range
and Complexity
3. Adaptability,
Flexibility & Speed
4. Time Factors
5. Attention Factors
6. Organization &
Planning
7. Imagination:
Concrete, Abstract
& Fantasy
8. Expectation:
Mind Set
(+ TYPE A BONUS)
1. Behavior
2. Dress Style
3. Types Of Activities
4. Types Of Lies
5. Types of Force
6. Role Playing ...
Dual Functioning
Behavior
7. Responsibility
8. Self-Control (selfdiscipline + selfrestraint)
1. Values
2. Motivation
3. Interpersonal
4. Affect
5. Type of Humor
6. Positive Reinforcers
7. Negative
Reinforcers
8. Energy Factors
(+ TYPE B BONUS)
(+ TYPE C BONUS)
TYPE A:
9 Items
8 Items
8 Items
TYPE A TOTAL
~shallow
~impulsive
~time & stimulus
bound
~undisciplined
~immature
~deluded values
~poorly developed
social conscience
~limited interests
~short-sighted
~unsophisticated
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
(THE SIMPLE)
Strong’s 6612
~too open
minded
~poor judgment
~dysfunctional
~simplistic
thinking
TYPE B:
8 Items
9 Items
8 Items
TYPE B TOTAL
~acted-out force
and violence
~noncompliance
~rebelliousness
~defiance
~competitive
~desire for power
and control
~high sense of
entitlement
~low empathy
~aversion to limits
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
(THE SCORNER)
Strong’s 3778
~defensive
~controlling
~paranoid
~calculating
~subversive
~manipulative
TYPE C:
8 Items
8 Items
9 Items
TYPE C TOTAL
~deifies self
~proactive
fantasy
~preoccupation
with self-serving
desires
~self-serving
~pleasure seeking
~attention seeking
~poor boundaries
~lies & deception
~dramatic
~selfish motives
and values
~situational ethics
~desires excitation
& self-expression
~fluid sense of self
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
COGNITIVE
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
BEHAVIOR
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
EXISTENTIAL
25 Items
Sum 0 to 100
Mean 0 to 4
OVERALL
75 Items
Mean 0 to 4
Three
“Prototypical”
CHARACTER
TYPES
SAFETY&SECURITY
(RISK MANAGEMENT)
(FEAR)
AMORAL
POWER&CONTROL
(OPPOSITIONAL)
(ANGER)
ANTI-SOCIAL
PLEASURE
& COMFORT
(DESIRE)
PRO-SELF
(THE FOOLISH)
Strong’s 3684
DOMAIN
TOTALS:
~ = indexes, suggests, relates to, or should be considered
TYPE
TOTALS
TYPE A
TYPE B
TYPE C
COGNITIVE
BEHAVIOR
EXISTENTIAL
Overly simplistic world view
Marked absence of foresight,
insight, and hindsight Void
of understanding Poor
judgment Pathologically
“open-minded” Selfjustification based on simplistic
generalizations and
discriminations Seducibility
and immaturity of thought
based on self-delusion,
unrealistic expectations and an
absence of relevant focus
Cognitive tunnel vision
Poor critical thinking skills
May evidence developmental
disability, brain damage or
other cognitive dysfunction
Preoccupation with matters
of power and control
Deviant, violent and
countercontrolling strategies
and tactics Paranoid,
defensive thoughts An
accurate and self-fulfilling
expectation of opposition from
others if their selfish, expansive
and possessive motives are
discovered “Do unto others
before they do unto you” and
“the laws of the jungle”
philosophy Overestimates
ability to deceive, predict, and
control Expects time-limited
relationships Calculating
 Thinks and reasons about
“self” as though it were
external to body and being
Self-serving logic is
increasingly stretched as their
boundaries of thought and deed
increasingly blur Words
increasingly lose specificity
and meaning Fantasy activity
is proactive and increasingly
deviant, bizarre, and unrealistic
Expects others to fulfill their
desires and expectations and
resolve adverse consequences
Narrow focus of attention
based on current desires
Narcissistic world views
Highly subject to suggestion,
manipulation, and exploitation
Impulsive Reacts to trivial,
superficial, or irrelevant aspects of
a situation Naive, transparent
and simplistic emotional displays
to elicit support and reinforcement
Attracted to exploitive
individuals and absorbing causes
Wasteful, careless, unreliable,
irresponsible, and misguided
Quick to attribute unfounded
motives and thoughts to others
Follows the path of least
resistance Unprepared Easily
distracted Poor organization and
planning Requires/seeks
supportive/protective structure
Active and competing
opposition to legitimate authority
Noncompliant Quick to
angerProvokes anger Projects
blame Accuses and slanders
Uses force and violence as a
primary problem-solving strategy
Manipulative Exploitive
Predatory Loner Dangerous
Destructive Subversive
Lies easily Escalates from
flattery or deception to threats and
violence, verbal to nonverbal,
private to public, lower levels of
authority to higher Not inclined
to trust, share, or help Criminal
conduct Opportunistic
Unearned, unwarranted and
progressive self-reinforcement
Pleasure-seeking Selfindulgence Thrill seeking
Active competition for attention
Increasingly fragmented and
disorganized Dramatic and
intense emotional displays
Emotionally manipulative
Plays on the compassion and
protective inclinations of others
Dissimulates Lack of
adaptive self-control (selfdiscipline or self-restraint)
Intrusive, insensitive, casual
disregard for others Approaches
taboos Presumptuous
Is both time and stimulus bound
Poorly developed or deluded value
system Is amoral with an
underdeveloped, blunted, or
extinguishing capacity for empathy
Insecure, anxious, and ultimately
dependent on the protective structure
or productivity of others Shallow,
superficial and purposeless Prone
to cognitive, emotional, and
behavioral excesses and deficits
Cognitive and behavioral
avoidance tendencies strengthen
fears and related dependencies
Underdeveloped, blunted, or
extinguishing capacity for
commitment, persistence or
endurance Scapegoat
Primary desire is power and
control Extreme sense of
entitlement with little or no concern
for others Has anti-social values
Esteem their self at the expense of
others and cultivate their sense of
superiority Has visceral aversion
to limits Constricted and lacking in
humor Thrives on and creates
negative emotions in othersFears
loss of control Intermingles
violence and pleasure Absence of
intimacy Substitutes intensity for
intimacy and fear for respect Tests
for loyalty Thrives where
legitimate authority is absent,
impotent or unjust
Deifies the self, as though it is an
innate good that must be allowed its
full expression (free rein) even at the
sacrifice of others Unrestrained
desire Never satisfied
Disregards legal, moral and ethical
considerations“If it feels good, do
it” live style Increasingly depleted
social and personal resources
Vague sense of deprivation,
boredom, and dissatisfaction
Increasingly fluid emotions
Extremes of mood Increasing
restlessness and anxiety
Diminishing capacity for pleasure
Relishes first-hand experiences
Diminishing sense of self
Risk & Opportunity
Management
A
C
Pleasure &
Comfort
B
Power &
Control
VALUES & VALUE JUDGMENTS
HUMAN NATURE:
Characteristics X Domains
Type A
Type B
Type C
How Much of Each TYPE in
Each DOMAIN?
COGNITIVE
A
A
C
C
B
A
A
BEHAVIOR
C
A
C
B
B
C
EXISTENTIAL
A
B
C
What Is The Relationship Within
and Between Each Domain?
COGNITIVE
A
BEHAVIOR
A
B
C
EXISTENTIAL
A
B
C
B
C
Mean Scores By Category and Character Type
4.00
4.00
3.50
3.38
2.88
Strength of Characteristic
3.00
2.782.75
2.67
2.50
A
B
C
2.00
1.50
1.00
0.50
0.00
0.13
0.13
0.00
COGNITIVE
BEHAVIOR
Category
EXISTENTIAL
Analysis ...
It’s Elemental and Relative



Core Characteristics (Type A,
Type B, and Type C).
Three DOMAINS (Cognitive,
Behavioral, and Existential).
Elemental (break it down) and
Relative (build it up).
301.0 Paranoid
Personality Disorder
301.20 Schizoid
Personality Disorder
301.22 Schizotypal
Personality Disorder
301.7 Antisocial
Personality Disorder
301.83 Borderline
Personality Disorder
301.50 Histrionic
Personality Disorder
301.81 Narcissistic
Personality Disorder
301.82 Avoidant
Personality Disorder
301.6 Dependent
Personality Disorder
301.4 Obsessive-Compulsive
Personality Disorder
Sadistic Personality Disorder
DSM-III-R Appendix A
Prototypical 40-Point
Hare PCL-R
Asperger’s Disorder 299.80
BRACE Character Profile™ Correlations Summary Analysis Aide
DIAGNOSTIC CONSIDERATIONS
OVERALL
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 2.01
df = 73 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.71
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.71
2.53
0.72
1.61
0.15
2.89
-0.23
1.79
-0.03
1.88
0.70
2.07
0.76
1.75
0.46
1.89
-0.23
2.20
0.26
1.85
0.50
1.99
0.62
2.87
DOMAIN DYSFUNCTION
COGNITIVE
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 1.96
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.74
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.69
2.40
0.82
1.64
0.22
2.96
-0.45
2.36
-0.12
2.44
0.67
2.00
0.76
1.84
0.30
2.50
-0.45
2.48
0.37
2.20
0.54
1.76
0.76
2.88
BEHAVIOR
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 2.04
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.77
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.74
2.56
0.62
1.60
0.26
2.72
-0.27
1.36
0.05
1.80
0.64
1.92
0.72
1.60
0.55
1.38
-0.18
2.16
0.08
1.44
0.40
2.16
0.53
2.88
EXISTENTIAL
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 2.04
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.70
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.70
2.64
0.71
1.60
0.00
3.00
-0.02
1.64
-0.01
1.40
0.81
2.28
0.82
1.80
0.63
1.79
-0.04
1.96
0.40
1.92
0.58
2.04
0.56
2.84
CHARACTER DYSFUNCTION
TYPE A
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 0.36
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.86
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.64
0.72
0.15
0.36
0.16
2.72
0.06
2.28
0.08
2.12
-0.13
0.08
0.62
0.96
0.13
1.09
0.17
2.52
0.27
1.44
0.11
1.24
0.64
1.20
TYPE B
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 3.92
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.40
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
-0.11
3.52
0.16
2.80
-0.12
3.24
-0.39
1.56
0.00
2.00
0.09
3.36
0.37
3.36
0.09
2.38
-0.06
1.76
0.00
2.00
-0.05
2.76
-0.12
3.56
TYPE C
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 1.76
df = 23 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.20
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.56
3.36
0.37
1.68
0.03
2.72
0.00
1.52
-0.13
1.52
0.34
2.76
0.41
0.92
0.21
2.16
-0.04
2.32
0.20
2.12
0.03
1.96
0.30
3.84
CHARACTER-DOMAIN DYSFUNCTION
TYPE A COGNITIVE
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 0.44
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.33
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.88
0.67
0.50
0.33
0.06
2.78
-0.07
3.11
0.08
2.78
#DIV/0!
0.00
0.67
1.44
0.08
1.88
0.29
3.33
0.71
1.67
0.13
0.89
0.85
1.11
TYPE B COGNITIVE
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 4.00
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.00
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
#DIV/0!
3.25
#DIV/0!
3.13
#DIV/0!
3.38
#DIV/0!
1.75
#DIV/0!
2.25
#DIV/0!
3.38
#DIV/0!
3.25
#DIV/0!
2.75
#DIV/0!
1.63
#DIV/0!
2.25
#DIV/0!
2.38
#DIV/0!
3.88
TYPE C COGNITIVE
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 1.63
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.74
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.45
3.50
0.63
1.63
0.16
2.75
0.23
2.13
0.73
2.25
0.35
2.88
0.83
0.88
-0.09
2.88
0.03
2.38
0.64
2.75
0.40
2.13
0.34
3.88
TYPE A BEHAVIOR
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 0.13
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.35
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.65
0.50
-0.22
0.25
0.40
2.50
0.10
1.75
0.47
1.63
-0.14
0.13
0.90
0.63
-0.20
0.38
0.15
2.50
-0.40
1.13
0.49
1.75
0.55
1.38
TYPE B BEHAVIOR
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 3.78
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.67
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
-0.19
3.56
0.09
2.33
-0.25
3.00
-0.91
1.11
0.05
2.11
-0.09
2.78
0.38
3.00
-0.14
1.75
#DIV/0!
2.00
-0.22
1.33
-0.18
2.67
-0.22
3.33
TYPE C BEHAVIOR
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 2.00
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.41
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.67
3.50
0.41
2.13
0.53
2.63
0.34
1.25
-0.60
1.63
0.26
2.75
#DIV/0!
1.00
0.40
2.00
0.00
2.00
0.47
1.88
0.11
2.00
0.57
3.88
TYPE A EXISTENTIAL
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 0.50
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.53
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.19
0.50
-0.35
1.00
0.26
0.50
0.11
2.88
-0.48
1.88
-0.38
1.88
0.52
0.13
0.00
0.75
0.38
1.00
0.00
1.63
0.48
1.50
0.48
1.13
TYPE B EXISTENTIAL
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 4.00
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 0.00
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
#DIV/0!
3.75
#DIV/0!
3.00
#DIV/0!
3.38
#DIV/0!
1.88
#DIV/0!
1.63
#DIV/0!
4.00
#DIV/0!
3.88
#DIV/0!
2.63
#DIV/0!
1.63
#DIV/0!
2.50
#DIV/0!
3.25
#DIV/0!
3.50
TYPE C EXISTENTIAL
R ic ha rd Kuk lins k i
r=
M=
M = 1.67
df = 6 .01 to .05 .06 to .10 -.01 to -.10
SD = 1.41
Satan
TA Hanssen
Kemper
Rifkin
M IS.RT3
Lecter
Sadistic PD
D. Rader
ADHD
TRIAL
Zodiac
Karr
0.63
3.11
0.18
1.33
-0.46
2.78
-0.27
1.22
0.14
0.78
0.47
2.67
0.41
0.89
0.35
1.67
-0.03
2.56
-0.07
1.78
-0.24
1.78
0.18
3.78