DSM-5
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders (5th edition)
2013
HISTORY OF
CLASSIFICATION AND
DIAGNOSIS
• Mid 1950s
• WHO (World Health Organization) published ICD
(International Causes of Death; now International
Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related
Health Problems
- ICD-10 (more universally used today for billing)
- DSM-5 now cross lists classification numbers from
ICD 10
HISTORY OF
CLASSIFICATION AND
DIAGNOSIS
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APA (American Psychiatric Association) published DSM I in 1952
DSM II in 1968
DSM III in 1980
DSM IIIR in 1987
DSM IV in 1994
DSM IV-TR – “text revision” in 2000
DSM-5 in 2013
BASED on MEDICAL MODEL
About the DSM-5
• What is it?
• The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders (DSM) is a publication of the American
Psychiatric Association (APA), a society of psychiatric
physicians.
• Who writes it?
• The APA created the DSM, which contains sets of
diagnostic criteria (symptoms being experienced)
grouped into categories (disorders) to assist clinicians
with effective diagnoses and care of people with
mental health disorders. There are several diagnostic
criteria manuals used worldwide, but the DSM is the
one used most commonly in the United States.
About the DSM-5
• Who uses it?
• Following an assessment, doctors (GPs, psychiatrists,
psychologists) are usually the people who will use
the criteria from the DSM to match against an
individual’s symptoms.
• This matching process will help them decide
whether the individual meets the diagnosis for a
mental health disorder.
More about the DSM-5
• Why is there a revised edition?
• Periodically the APA updates the information in the
DSM based on feedback from working people
within mental health treatment, and following
extensive working committee discussions with
specialists who diagnose/treat the various disorders.
• The latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical
Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) was released in
May 2013.
DSM-5 Organization
• Developmental Lifespan
• DSM-5 is organized in sequence with the
developmental lifespan.
• This organization is evident in every chapter and
within individual diagnostic categories, with
disorders typically diagnosed in childhood detailed
first, followed by those in adolescence, adulthood
and later life.
• Disorders previously addressed in a single “infancy,
childhood and adolescence” chapter are now
integrated throughout the manual.
DSM-5 Diagnostic
Categories
• Neurodevelopmental Disorders
• Schizophrenia Spectrum and
Other Psychotic Disorders
• Bipolar and Related Disorders
• Depressive Disorders
• Anxiety Disorders
Diagnostic Categories
Continued
• Obsessive-Compulsive and Related
Disorders
• Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders
• Dissociative Disorders
• Somatic Symptom Disorders
• Feeding and Eating Disorders
• Elimination Disorders
More Diagnostic
Categories
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Sleep-Wake Disorders
Sexual Dysfunctions
Gender Dysphoria
Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders
Substance Use and Addictive Disorders
Neurocognitive Disorders
Personality Disorders
Paraphilic Disorders
Other Disorders (click on link for details)
http://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/content.aspx?booki
d=22&sectionid=1892914#11357
DSM-5
• Google Playstore/Play Books for $16.19!
• https://play.google.com/store/books/details/Ameri
can_Psychiatric_Association_DSM_5?id=pZlSAQAAQ
BAJ
• The complete DSM-5 accessible on any mobile
device. Searchable, bookmarks, notes. Cannot
copy or print.
APA Links
• http://www.dsm5.org/Pages/Default.aspx
• FAQs:
http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/FAQ%20for%20Cli
nicians%208-1-13.pdf
• Online Assessment Measures:
http://www.psychiatry.org/practice/dsm/dsm5/onli
ne-assessment-measures
Neurodevelopmental
Disorders
• Intellectual Disability (Intellectual Developmental
Disorder)
• Diagnostic criteria for intellectual disability (intellectual
developmental disorder) emphasize the need for an
assessment of both cognitive capacity (IQ) and
adaptive functioning.
• Severity is determined by adaptive functioning rather
than IQ score. The term mental retardation was used in
DSM-IV. However, intellectual disability is the term that
has come into common use over the past two decades
among medical, educational, and other professionals
Neurodevelopmental
Disorders
• COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
• The DSM-5 communication disorders include language
disorder (which combines DSM-IV expressive and mixed
receptive-expressive language disorders),
• speech sound disorder (a new name for phonological
disorder),
• childhood-onset fluency disorder (a new name for
stuttering).
• social (pragmatic) communication disorder, a new
condition for persistent difficulties in the social uses of
verbal and nonverbal communication.
Neurodevelopmental
Continued
• Autism Spectrum Disorder
• A new DSM-5 name that reflects a scientific consensus
that four previously separate disorders (autistic disorder
[autism], Asperger’s disorder, childhood disintegrative
disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder not
otherwise specified) are actually a single condition with
different levels of symptom severity in two core domains
o 1) deficits in social communication and social interaction and
o 2) restricted repetitive behaviors, interests, and activities (RRBs).
• both components are required for diagnosis
• social communication disorder is diagnosed if no RRBs are
present.
Neurodevelopmental
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
• Specific Learning Disorder
o Combines DSM-IV reading disorder, mathematics disorder,
disorder of written expression, and learning disorder not otherwise
specified
• Motor Disorders
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developmental coordination disorder
stereotypic movement disorder
Tourette’s disorder
persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder
provisional tic disorder
other specified tic disorder
and unspecified tic disorder