Book Reviews Due Today!
They will be collected at the end of
class ONLY.
Please take a seat and quietly listen to
the lecture, or wait outside.
Do not disturb or be disrespectful to
other students in the class.
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Unit 7 Quiz
Must be completed by midnight
Friday.
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Unit 8:
Ideology and Worldview
Lecture 1
Ideology and Practice: The
Archaeology of Habitus
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Humans face common problems
that require rationalization:
Individual Needs:
To explain how
world works
For sense of control
in face of crisis
To cope with death
and fate of human
psyche
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Societal Needs:
To create consensus
about right and
wrong
To validate
transitions in
personal and
communal life
To legitimize social
institutions
Ideology: broad set of rationalizations for
common human problems and experiences.
Religion: ideology that deals with
understanding the relationship between
humans and the supernatural.
structures of the mind
culturally-constructed; shared and learned in
social contexts
influences how we perceive and act in the
material world of our experience
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Pierre Bourdieu (1977)
A Theory of Practice
Habitus: our internalized, embodied view of
how the world works and how things should be
done.
Constituted in practice; in how we go about our
daily lives; in how we experience the world.
Manifested materially
Continually reproduced or transformed
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Archaeological Case Study:
James Deetz (1977)
In Small Things Forgotten
Argument: between 1607 and 1760 English
colonists experienced major transformation
in how they conceived, ordered and lived in
the world. This change left distinct imprint
on their material surroundings.
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Example: Domestic Architecture
“People are conceived, are born, and
die in houses…The form of a house
can be a strong reflection of the needs
and the minds of those who built it; in
addition, it shapes and directs their
behavior.” (Deetz 1977)
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
The Anglo-American Worldview
 Medieval Mindset
 17th-early 18th c.
 Group oriented,
corporate, organic,
vernacular
Early 17th. Century “longhouses” from
Plymouth Colony in NE
Reconstructed “Earthfast” houses at
Jamestown, VA
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
“A Gothic building evolved…It was not planned…it just
grew.” (Hugh Morrison)
Typical
English “Hall
and Parlor”
Plan
Fairbanks House, Dedham, MA. Built
1637. Typical Hall and Parlor Plan,
showing organic growth through time
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Bacon’s Castle, VA.
Built 1665. “Jacobeanstyle” w/ Flemish gables
and more vernacular,
organic, cross-shaped
plan.
The Anglo-American Worldview
 Georgian Order
Mid 18th c.
Focus on individual,
formal, orderly, more
academic, popular
Judith dug here!
Shirley Plantation, VA. Built ca. 1738
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Typical Georgian house plan w/
central hall and more specialized use
of space.
Georgian architecture is orderly,
planned, and based on popular, academic
principles of design
3
5
4
3
5
3
Classic 3-4-5 proportions of
Shirley Plantation mansion and
flanking dependencies.
5
5
4
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
4
The Georgian worldview emphasizes
form over function
Balance and Order
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
The Georgian worldview places more
emphasis on the individual
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Transformation of Medieval Wordview
to Georgian Worldview
Result of economic expansion of mercantile
capitalism in Anglo-America
Rise of literate, secular, middle class
Artificial means to impose balance and
order on increasingly uncertain social and
material world
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Building on Deetz’ Model
Mark Leone (1980s) Historic Anapolis, MD
Critiqued Deetz for not taking into account
issues of POWER AND AGENCY
Internal contradictions: Rich/Poor;
Free/Slave; British/American
Threats to economic and political stability
of new American middle class
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
William Paca’s Garden, Anapolis
 Ostentatious displays of Power and Wealth
 Symmetry and Order demonstrate control over
nature
Georgian style formal garden in VA
Reconstructed plan of garden of 18th. century
land owner, William Paca, in Annapolis, MD
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
Ordering Nature = Naturalizing Order
Discursive acts designed to stabilize
and assert individual prosperity and
power--not just a material reflection of it.
Mark Leone and his colleagues were concerned
to show how Paca’s power “was placed in law
and nature…in practicing law and gardening.”
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005
How we will collect the Book
Reviews….
The TAs will place signs on the front of the
stage w/ the title of each book.
Exit your row to the right, walk down the
side aisle to the front, forming a single line.
Place your paper in the proper pile.
Exit up the left-hand aisle.
Judith Habicht-Mauche, UCSC, Spring 2005