Carl Jung
1875-1961
Summary of major life themes
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Dreams, visions, and secrets resulted in isolation and independence in viewpoint
– The phalus god (age 4)
– The stone (age 7)
– The mannequin (age 10)
– The throne (age 12)
Two separate persons
The above indicated gifts of knowledge and wisdom bestowed by a truthful and holy
source
Disenchantment with organized religion
His professional relationship then break with Freud
Descent into the unconscious was an attempt at finding truth, not a descent into
psychosis
Summary of major life themes
•
•
•
Disenchantment with organized religion
His professional relationship then break with Freud
Descent into the unconscious was an attempt at finding truth, not a descent
into psychosis
Psyche
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The totality of the human personality
Includes all conscious and unconscious activities of the mind (thoughts,
feelings, sensations, attitudes, wishes, etc.
Believed libido was a neutral, non-sexualized, and general life force (power)
of the psych
3 levels
– Conscious Ego
– Personal Unconscious
– Collective Unconscious
Psyche
• Conscious Ego
– The conscious mind
– In charge of our actions and attitudes
– Selects what may enter our consciousness
– Our conscious perception of self
Psyche
• Personal unconscious
– Part we are unaware of
– Consists of repressed memories, thoughts, wishes, feelings, and perceptions that are
unique to the individual
• Much of which was once conscious but has been forgotten or suppressed
• Some can be brought into consciousness, others are more difficult
– Prospective function: helps us look into and prepare for the future by imagining
– Compensatory function: balances thoughts, characteristics, etc. (principle of
opposites)
Psyche
• Personal unconscious
– Complexes
• A core or pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes
organized around a central theme that have meaning to us
• Result from childhood or adult experiences, or from connection to the
collective unconscious
• The more elements connected to it the more impact it has on us
• May be conscious or unconscious, good or bad
Psyche
• Collective Unconscious
– Part of the psyche that embodies some of the general wisdom that is
shared by all people, has developed over time, that is passed onto all
people
– Principle function is to predispose us to respond to certain external
situations in a given manner
– Basis
• Sun’s phallus
• Soldiers snake dream
• Personal dreams and “hallucinations”
Psyche
• Collective Unconscious
– Archetypes (Primordial Images)
• The universal and prototypical images, objects, and types of people or
experiences that our ancestors have encountered through the generations and
have gained importance due to the significant role they play in day to day
living
• Imprinted in our psyche
• As many as there are personal experiences
• Most commonly manifest themselves in our dreams
• When attached to personal experiences can make a complex
• Believed these could take control of the personality if too prominent
• Believed groups could project the meaning of archetypes
The Archetypes
• Persona
– The totality of our masks
– Influenced by
• Choice
• Society and culture
• Collective unconscious
– If overdeveloped, can result in loss of sense of self (inflation of the
persona / ego inflation)
The Archetypes
• Anima and Animus
– Anima
• Female aspect of collective unconscious in men
– Animus
• Male aspect of collective unconscious in women
– Lack of recognition can result in incompleteness
– If too prominent can lose masculinity or femininity
– Together called syzgy
The Archetypes
• Shadow
– The dark side of our personality (opposite of persona)
– Contains all the uncivilized and disowned raw urges and desires
• Accounts for our atypical behaviors
– Effects our relationships with our own sex
– Must develop a strong persona to limit its urgings
• Suppression leads to a “civilized life” but at the expense of spontaneity,
creativity, and strong emotions
– Represented by
• Demons, Devils, Dragons, Snakes, etc.
The Archetypes
• Self
– The organizing center of one’s entire psychological system
– The stimulus toward finding unity and balance (transcendence)
• Brings together all parts including our “opposites”
– Search for this is never ending
– Most important of all
– Symbolized through the mandala
Personality
• Introverts
– Prefer their internal world of thoughts, feelings, fantasies, etc.
– Face toward the collective unconscious and its archetypes
• Extroverts
– Prefer external world of things, people, and activities
– Face the persona and outer world
Personality
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Sensing
– Getting info through the senses (senses something is there but not what it is)
– Good at looking, listening to, and getting to know the world
– An irrational function
– Occurs on the conscious level
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Thinking
– Evaluating info rationally and logically (therefore a rational function)
– Gives names to objects sensed.
– Occurs on the conscious level
Personality
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Feeling
– Evaluating info by weighing one’s overall, emotional response
– Judges value to an individual and whether good or bad
– Occurs on the unconscious level
– A rational function
Intuiting
– Perception outside the usual conscious processes
– Provides hunches when factual info is not available
– Based on the complex integration of large amounts of information
– An irrational function
– Occurs on the unconscious level
Personality
• We all have these functions in different measures
– Superior function: our preferred and best developed
– Secondary function: we are aware of and use to support the
superior function
– Tertiary function: slightly less developed than secondary function
by not necessarily conscious
– Inferior function: poorly developed and often unconscious